scholarly journals Cats and Toxoplasma gondii: A systematic review and meta-analysis in Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad T. Rahimi ◽  
Ahmad Daryani ◽  
Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽  
Azar Shokri ◽  
Ehsan Ahmadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Stray Cats

Toxoplasma gondii is a cosmopolitan zoonotic intracellular coccidian of the phylum Apicomplexa infecting warm-blooded animals and human beings. This protozoan causes a significant public health problem in humans and imposes considerable economic losses and damages to husbandry industries. The final host, cats, accounts for all of these significant burdens. Hence the present study was designed to analyse and review the overall prevalence rate of T. gondii infection in cats in Iran for the first time. In the present study data collection (published and unpublished papers, abstracts of proceedings of national parasitology congresses and dissertations) was systematically undertaken on electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Ebsco, Science Direct, Scopus, Magiran, Irandoc, IranMedex and Scientific Information Database. A total of 21 studies from 1975 to 2013 reporting prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in cats from different areas in Iran met the eligibility criteria. The pooled proportion of toxoplasmosis using the random-effect model amongst cats was estimated at 33.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.05–46.41). The prevalence rate of cat toxoplasmosis in various regions of Iran ranged from 1.2% to 89.2%. Firstly, this study establishes a crude prevalence rate of T. gondii infection in cats. Secondly, it discusses the role of significant risk factors including sex, age and being either household or stray cats, in the epidemiology of the disease. Furthermore, the current study determines gaps and drawbacks in the prior studies that are useful to keep in mind to assist in designing more accurate investigations in future.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Masoud Dadashi ◽  
Shaian Tavakolian ◽  
Ebrahim Faghihloo
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
The World

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered as one of the most common carcinogenic viruses in humans throughout the world and is mostly associated with gynecologic malignancies. However, it is also one of the environmental factors that is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC). Objective: A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in patients suffering from the CRC. Methods: The frequency of the HPV in patients with CRC was studied from 2001 to 2016. To this end, several databases were reviewed, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Iranmedex, and the Scientific Information Database. Then, the analysis was done by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (V2.0, Biostat) software. Considering heterogeneity between different studies, the random effect model was used and then the results were checked with Cochran’s Q-statistic. Results: The meta-analysis revealed that the frequency of HPV infection in patients with CRC was 33.7% (a 95% CI of 28.4-39.5). The additional stratified analysis also showed that HPV infection in CRC patients was more widespread in European countries compared to Asian and American countries. Conclusion: The high rate of HPV infection is a major concern in sexually transmitted diseases around the world, therefore, controlling high-risk behaviors, vaccination, screening, and HPV subtyping can be useful in managing HPV infections.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexual violence in Ethiopian workplaces: systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Dile Worke ◽  
Zewdie Birhanu Koricha ◽  
Gurmesa Tura Debelew
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Workplace sexual violence is a significant public health problem in low and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. However, except for individual studies with varying prevalence rates in different occupations, there are no national prevalence studies conducted in workplace settings in Ethiopia. Appropriate estimation of the problem is essential to formulate health service plans most fitted for workplaces. Hence, this review and meta-analysis intended to estimate the national pooled prevalence of workplace sexual violence in Ethiopia. Methods The databases used were; PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and African Journals Online. For a critical appraisal of the papers, we used the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument for cross-sectional studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using comprehensive meta-analysis and MetaXL software. Descriptive information of studies was presented in narrative form, and quantitative results were presented in forest plots. The Cochran Q test and I2 test statistics were employed to test heterogeneity across studies. A random-effect model computed the pooled estimate prevalence with 95% confidence intervals. Results The pooled prevalence of workplace sexual violence was 22% (95% CI 17%, 28%). The pooled prevalence was 14.1% (95% CI 10.4%, 18.9%) for attempted rape, 8% (95% CI 5.7%, 11.1%) for rape, and 33.2% (95% CI 24.1%, 43.7%) for sexual harassment. The pooled prevalence was the highest among female university staffs 49% (95% CI 45%, 56%), and among commercial sex workers 28% (95% CI 3%, 59%). Conclusions This analysis revealed that the prevalence of sexual violence and sexual harassment in Ethiopian workplaces is high. It was also exceptionally high among female faculty staff, commercial sex workers, and workplaces in Tigray National regional state. Thus, concerned stakeholders must design and implement effective interventions to prevent workplace sexual violence in workplaces in Ethiopia and provide necessary support and care to the victims.

scholarly journals Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Malaysia 1980 – 2017: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Yee Chow ◽  
Soo Man Jun ◽  
Siew Mooi Ching ◽  
Chun Han Tan ◽  
Kai Wei Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a common public health problem worldwide and is a well-known risk factor for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. However, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that has been done in a multi-ethnic population like Malaysia. This systematic review aims to determine the trend in prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Malaysia.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Malaysian Medical Repository and Malaysia Citation Index published between 1980 and 2017. All original articles in English were included. Studies included were those on adults aged 18 years and above. Studies of prevalence in children and adolescents and pregnancy related hypertension were excluded. Two authors independently reviewed the studies, carried out data extraction and performed quality assessment. Heterogeneity between studies and publication bias was assessed and effect size was pooled by the random effect model.ResultsFifty-six studies with a total of 241,796 subjects were included. The prevalence of hypertension throughout Malaysia varied (I2= 99.3%). The overall pooled prevalence of hypertension over the past 4 decades was 28.2% in adults aged 18 years and older (95% CI: 26.1 – 33.3) and the prevalence in those 30 years and older was 40.0% (95% CI: 35.3-44.8).For subgroup analysis, the prevalence of hypertension in male aged 18 and above was 31.4% (95% CI: 26.5 - 36.2) and 27.8% in female (95% CI: 20.7 – 34.9). The prevalence of hypertension among the ethnic groups aged 18 years and above were 37.3% in Malays (95% CI: 32.9 – 41.7); 36.4% in Chinese (95% CI 31.6 - 41.2) and 34.8% in Indians (95% CI: 31.2-38.4). The prevalence of hypertension was the lowest in the 1980s (16.2%, 95% CI: 13.4-19.0%), increases up to 36.8% in the 1990s (95% CI: 6.1-67.5), then came down to 28.7% (95% CI: 21.7-35.8) in the 2000s and 29.2% (95% CI: 24.0-34.4) in the 2010s. The prevalence of awareness was 38.7% (95% CI: 31.7 – 45.8) whereas the control of hypertension of those on treatment was 33.3% (95% CI: 28.4 – 38.2).ConclusionThree in 10 adults aged 18 years old and above have hypertension, whereas four in 10 adults aged 30 years old and above have hypertension. Four out of 10 are aware of their hypertension status and only one-third of them who were under treatment achieved control of their hypertension. Concerted efforts by policymakers and healthcare professionals to improve the awareness and control of hypertension should be of high priority.

scholarly journals Toxoplasmosis in Cats and Its Zoonotic Potential in and Around Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
R. P. Sah ◽  
Md. H. Talukder ◽  
A.K.M. Anisur Rahman ◽  
Md B. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Final Host ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Adult Cats ◽  
Almost All

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease, occurs in almost all warm blooded animals including human beings and is caused by a global protozoan intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It is estimated that one third of the world human population have been infected by this parasite. This protozoan causes a significant public health problem in humans and imposes considerable economic losses and damages to livestock. The final host is cat, Feliscatus, accounts for all of these significant burdens. Hence the present study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of T. gondii infection in cats and also to analyze the associated factors that were potential for human beings and livestock as well in the period from September 2014 to August 2016. Altogether 254 faecal samples from cat and 390 water samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) campus, farm and residential areas of BAU and were examined for presence of T. gondii oocysts at Department of Parasitology, BAU Mymensingh. The overall prevalence of T. gondii was 4.03% (26/644). Presence of T. gondii oocysts in faecal and water samples were 5.5% (14/254) and 3.08% (12/390), respectively. Adult cats had higher (6.7%) prevalence than young cats (3.8%). Summer season was found high prevalence (6.7%) of oocysts in cat faeces. Similarly drain water found higher positivity (6.67%) of oocysts. Therefore, this study concluded that the cats are contaminating the environment by shedding oocysts and then other animals can get the infection from grazing of contaminated grasses and drinking water. So eating undercooked goat, sheep and cattle meat; eating contaminated vegetables and drinking contaminated water are major sources for getting toxoplasmosis to human beings. Hence this disease has great zoonotic importance around BAU campus and therefore it is essential to create public awareness.  

Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and headache: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tooran Nayeri ◽  
Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh ◽  
Zahra Hosseininejad ◽  
Afsaneh Amouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of infectious agents, such as Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), on human behavior and mental disorders has recently attracted the attention of researchers. T. gondii has emerged as a suitable candidate for such disorders due to its neural nature. Therefore, the current study aimed at investigating the possible relationship between T. gondii infection and headache. Methods: Five databases were thoroughly searched (up to October 4, 2019) for articles on the prevalence of T. gondii in headache sufferer. In this study, the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using a random effect model and forest plot to gauge effect size and effect of each study. Results: A total number of four articles, including three case-controls and one cross-sectional studies with 2517 participants entered the meta-analysis out of whom 1205 subjects were afflicted with headache or migraine (17.67% positive for toxoplasmosis) and 1312 participants were not (18.29% for toxoplasmosis). The results of the meta-analysis indicated a common OR of 1.59 (95% CI: 1.03-2.47) by the random effect model. Conclusion: The obtained results of several studies have linked toxoplasmosis and headache. Therefore, more quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine the detailed association between headache and T. gondii infection for the prevention and control of toxoplasmosis among headache sufferers.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-835
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Soltaninejad ◽  
Hamed Yarmohammadi ◽  
Elham Madrese ◽  
Saeed Khaleghi ◽  
Mohsen Poursadeqiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
As Stress

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is an increasing disorder, especially in night workers. Drivers are considered to work during 24 hours a day. Because of job characteristics such as stress, low mobility and long working hours, they are at risk of a metabolic syndrome disorder. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is a meta-analysis and systematic review of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers. METHODS: In this systematic review, articles were extracted from national and international databases: Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Mag Iran, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus. Data analysis was performed using meta-analysis and systematic review (random effect model). The calculation of heterogeneity was carried out using the I2 index and Cochran’s Q test. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software version 11. RESULTS: A total of nine articles related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers in different regions of the world from 2008 to 2016 were obtained. The total sample size studied was 26156 with an average of 2906 samples per study. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers was 34% (95% CI: 30–37) CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers is high. Occupational stress, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity cannot be cited as causes of metabolic syndrome prevalence in drivers. Therefore, to maintain and to improve the health of this group, the implementation of preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures for these people as well as training should be considered.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Unsafe Behaviors in Iranian Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi MALAKOUTIKHAH ◽  
Hadiseh RABIEI ◽  
Soheil HASSANIPOUR ◽  
Mehdi JAHANGIRI
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Unsafe Behaviors ◽  
Information Database

Background: Unsafe behaviors are the cause of 80% of accidents. However, there has also been no worldwide review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of workers’ unsafe behaviors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and estimate the prevalence of unsafe behaviors among Iranian workers using a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted from Nov to Dec 2018. The researchers searched Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, and Google Scholar for international articles and four Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database, MagIran, IranMedex, and IranDoc) for Persian articles. The method of reporting this study was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) checklist. Results: Overall, 235 articles from databases were imported to EndNote library. Final screening of the included studies produced a total of 38 studies. Based on the random-effect model, the prevalence of total unsafe behaviors, nonuse or inappropriate use of personal protective equipment, and inappropriate work posture was 40.37% (CI 95% = 35.8-44.9), 27.79% (CI 95% = 21.2-34.3), and 14.87% (CI 95% = 10.7-18.9). There was no statistically significant relationship between unsafe behaviors and mean age, mean of work experiences, and year of study. Conclusion: The prevalence of unsafe behaviors among Iranian workers was relatively high and the most common behaviors were non-use or inappropriate use of PPE; one of the most important causes for this behavior is lack of training, inappropriate working conditions, and lack of positive attitude towards safety. Therefore, further studied are required to investigate the causes of these unsafe behaviors.

scholarly journals Driving us mad: the association of Toxoplasma gondii with suicide attempts and traffic accidents – a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1608-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjen L. Sutterland ◽  
Anne Kuin ◽  
Bouke Kuiper ◽  
Tom van Gool ◽  
Marion Leboyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Statistical Adjustment ◽  
Antibody Titres

AbstractUnnatural causes of death due to traffic accidents (TA) and suicide attempts (SA) constitute a major burden on global health, which remained stable in the last decade despite widespread efforts of prevention. Recently, latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has been suggested to be a biological risk factor for both TA and SA. Therefore, a systematic search concerning the relationship of T. gondii infection with TA and/or SA according to PRISMA guidelines in Medline, Pubmed and PsychInfo was conducted collecting papers up to 11 February 2019 (PROSPERO #CRD42018090206). The random-effect model was applied and sensitivity analyses were subsequently performed. Lastly, the population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated. We found a significant association for antibodies against T. gondii with TA [odds ratio (OR) = 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20–2.38, p = 0.003] and SA (OR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.10–1.76, p = 0006). Indication of publication bias was found for TA, but statistical adjustment for this bias did not change the OR. Heterogeneity between studies on SA was partly explained by type of control population used (ORhealthy controls = 1.9, p < 0.001 v. ORpsychiatric controls = 1.06, p = 0.87) and whether subjects with schizophrenia only were analysed (ORschizophrenia = 0.87, p = 0.62 v. ORvarious = 1.8, p < 0.001). The association was significantly stronger with higher antibody titres in TA and in studies that did not focus on schizophrenia subjects concerning SA. PAF of a T. gondii infection was 17% for TA and 10% for SA. This indicates that preventing T. gondii infection may play a role in the prevention of TA or SA, although uncertainty remains whether infection and outcome are truly causally related.

Work related injury and its disparity across selected occupations in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wodaje Gietaneh ◽  
Muluye Molla Simieneh ◽  
Muluneh Alene ◽  
Moges Agazhe Asemie ◽  
Daniel Shitu
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Injury

Abstract BackgroundGlobally, work related injury has been continued as a major public health problem. In Ethiopia there are few fragmented empirical studies particularly among workers of fast growing sectors and there is no a national representative study on work related injury. Therefore, this study aims to determine the magnitude of occupational injury and to identify its predictors among construction, textile and municipal solid waste management workers in Ethiopia.Objectiveto determine magnitude of Work related injury and its disparity across selected occupations in EthiopiaMethod:Both published and unpublished articles conducted in Ethiopia on work related injury were searched between the periods 12 October, 2019 to 15 December, 2019. Random effect model was employed to estimate the overall magnitude of occupational injury and its predictors.ResultsThe overall magnitude of work related injury was 39.35% (95% CI: 27.40, 51.30%). Subgroup analysis revealed that there was slight disparity across occupations and regions. Drinking alcohol, smoking cigarette, khat chewing habit, work related stress, level of education and utilization of PPE were significantly associated with work related injury.ConclusionThis study found that more than 1 in 3 workers had at least one occupational injury at work. There was slight disparity across occupations and regions. It is strongly recommend that health education programs about the risk of substance use on occupational injury and apply strict occupational safety practices regulations should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the dairy goat population from an organic farm

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 736-738
Author(s):  
Dawid Jańczak ◽  
Marcin Świątek ◽  
Żaneta Szymańska ◽  
Roman Niżnikowski ◽  
Elżbieta Gołąb
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Protozoal infection of T. gondii is a public health problem and also causes serious economic losses in livestock production in many countries. Farm animals from organic farms are more likely to be infected. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among 50 dairy goats from an organic farm in the northwestern Poland region and to assess the prevalence of parasite DNA in the milk of infected animals. Serological tests performed by direct agglutination of IgG antibodies against T. gondii were positive in 10% of the tested animals. No parasite DNA was detected in the milk from the seropositive goats. However, the number of tested animals was too small to draw significant epidemiological conclusions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document