scholarly journals A comparative study of pregnancy complications and outcomes for the years 1999 and 2004 at a rural hospital in South Africa: Implications for antenatal care

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monjurul Hoque ◽  
Shahnaz Hoque
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Rural Hospital ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

Background: Detection and management of high-risk pregnancies, all the way through antenatal care, have been advocated as a high-quality mean of reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Objectives: This study reviewed the demographic variables, pregnancy and obstetric complications and perinatal outcomes for the years 1999 and 2004 in a rural hospital in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, with the aim of evaluating trends and gaps that may enhance appropriate strategies for improvement of antenatal care.Method: A retrospective comparative study, with representative samples of pregnant women, were randomly selected for the respective years 1999 and 2004. Descriptive statistics were calculated depending on measurement scale. A Z-test was carried out to assess the significant difference (p < 0.05) in proportions between pregnancy complications and outcomes of the groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was undertaken to determine the significant predictors for outcome variables.Results: The numbers of pregnancies among young women (< 25 years) increased significantly by 8% (p < 0.05) in the year 2004. Compared with 1999, the reduction in the numbers of pregnancies (1%) among higher parity (parity 5 or more) women in 2004 was remarkable. There were significant reductions of eclampsia, anaemia and post partum haemorrhage. Women with breech presentation were 3.75 times more likely to deliver preterm, and 5.45 times more likely to deliver low birth-weight babies. Similarly, women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were more likely to have preterm (OR = 3.50, 95% CI 2.83; 4.35) and low birth-weight babies (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 1.62; 2.71). Eclampsia was also a risk factor associated with preterm deliveries (OR = 6.14, 95% CI 3.74; 10.09) and low birth-weight babies (OR = 3.40, 95% CI 1.83; 6.28).Conclusion: This study suggests that further research is needed to find the causes of higher rate of teenage pregnancies and an increase in quality of antenatal care is more important in improving maternal and perinatal health. Training of staff to standard protocol and guidelines on antenatal care and care during delivery, and adherence to it, should be encouraged to improve maternal and child health in South Africa.

Antenatal Azithromycin to Prevent Preterm Birth in Pregnant women with Vaginal Cerclage. A Randomized Controlled Trial

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Hassan Mostafa ◽  
Sherif Ahmed Ashoush ◽  
Hassan Awwad Bayoumy ◽  
Wessam Kamal Lotfy Gabr
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Abstract Background Preterm birth with its complications is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as maternal morbidity, especially in low and middle-income countries. Cervical cerclage is a well-established preventive tool in women at high risk of preterm birth; however, subclinical maternal infection might still cause failure of this method. Thus, adding prophylactic antibiotics, namely macrolides, could prevent preterm birth. Patients and methods This was a randomized controlled clinical trial involving two groups of women who underwent vaginal cerclage at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. One group received azithromycin 500mg one tablet orally once daily for 3 days every month from 14th week to 34th week gestation, in addition to routine antenatal care; while the other group received usual antenatal care without antibiotic prophylaxis after cerclage. Follow-up was done and we compared the outcomes in each group: gestational age at delivery, birth weight, mode of delivery, maternal complications, and perinatal complications. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04278937. Results Gestational age at delivery was significantly higher in the azithromycin group (36.8weeks vs 34.1weeks; P = 0.017), with significant prolongation of gestation in the azithromycin group (23.7weeks vs 21.1weeks; P = 0.005). As regards birth weight, it was significantly higher in the azithromycin group (2932.6gm vs 2401.8gm; P = 0.006); however babies with low birth weight (birth weight &lt;2500gm) were non-significantly less frequent in the azithromycin group (3cases vs 7cases; P = 0.165). There was no significant difference between the two groups as regards other outcomes (miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal intensive care unit admission, antepartum hemorrhage, postpartum pyrexia, need for blood transfusion). Conclusion Adding azithromycin as antenatal prophylaxis in women undergoing vaginal cerclage prolongs pregnancy and reduces risk of PTB, with slight increase in birth weight. However, there was no clear effect on incidence of low birth weight, or perinatal morbidity/mortality.

scholarly journals Community Based Study of Socio-demographic Determinants of Low Birth Weight Baby in Rural Area of Western Maharashtra

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
S S Avachat ◽  
V D Phalke ◽  
S V Kambale
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

Aims: There is only marginal reduction in proportion of low birth weight babies during last fifteen years. Birth weight is influenced by number of social, economic and demographic factors. The present study was conducted in a rural community to estimate the magnitude of low birth weight and to study the associated sociodemographic factors. Methods: A cross sectional community based study was conducted in six randomly selected villages. Six hundred and fifty two under five children were randomly selected from these villages and data was collected by interviewing mothers of thesechildren with the help of predesigned questionnaire. Information pertaining to age, economic status of mother, antenatal care, birth spacing was collected and significance of these determinants was obtained by appropriate statistical tests. Results: The proportion of low birth weight babies in present study, conducted in a rural community was 18.1%. Significantly large proportion of low birth weight children were born to mothers belonging to lower socioeconomic status and lower educational status. 51% babies were born to mothers with age below 20 years and 25% babies were born with birth interval less than two years. Conclusions: Maternal age, socioeconomic status, antenatal care and short birth spacing are the significant maternal determinants of the birth weight of the baby. Interventions relating to these determinants can reduce the problem of low birth weight in rural area DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v9i2.11771

QUALITY OF ANTENATAL CARE AND ITS DOSE–RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP WITH BIRTH WEIGHT IN A MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH TRAINING INSTITUTE IN BANGLADESH

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
SELINA KHATUN ◽  
MAHMUDUR RAHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Antenatal Visits ◽  
Training Institute

SummaryFour hundred and sixty-five pregnant women and their newborn babies were studied at a maternal and child health training institute in Dhaka, Bangladesh, between July 2002 and June 2003 with the objective of (1) examining the relationship between birth weight and maternal factors, and, if there was a dose–response relationship between quality of antenatal care and birth weight, (2) predicting the number of antenatal visits required for women with different significant characteristics to reduce the incidence of low-birth-weight babies. The study revealed that 23·2% of the babies were of low birth weight according to the WHO cut-off point of <2500 g. Mean birth weight was 2674·19±425·31 g. A low birth weight was more common in younger (<20 years) and older (≥30 years) mothers, the low-income group and those with little or no education. The mean birth weight of the babies increased with an increase in quality of antenatal care. The babies of the mothers who had 6+ antenatal visits were found to be 727·26 g heavier than those who had 1–3 visits and 325·88 g heavier than those who had 4–5 visits. No significant relationship was found between number of conception, birth-to-conception interval, BMI at first visit, sex of the newborn and birth weight. Further, from multiple regression analysis (stepwise), it was revealed that number of antenatal visits, educational level of the mother and per capita yearly income had independent effects on birth weight after controlling the effect of each variable. Using multiple regression analysis, the estimated number of antenatal visits required to reduce the incidence of low-birth-weight babies for women with no education and below-average per capita income status was 6; the number required for women with no education and above-average per capita income status was 5; and that for women with education and with any category of income status was 4 visits. So there is a need to stratify women according to their income and educational status so that, along with other measures, the required number of antenatal visits can be estimated beforehand to reduce the incidence of low-birth-weight babies.

scholarly journals The Effect of Health Education on Mother's Knowledge Attitudes and Behavior in Giving Care to Low Birth Weight Babies

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Dian Pratiwi ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Mufdlilah Mufdlilah ◽  
Panyada Cholsakhon
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

The number of low-birth-weight babies (LBW) who returned to the hospital after returning home had increased from 2015 to 2016. The results of the interview revealed that mothers who had LBW did not thoroughly understand providing care for LBW after returning from the hospital. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on a mother's knowledge, attitude and behaviour in providing care to LBW. This study is quasi-experimental with a pre-posttest approach non-equivalent to the control group, with 66 respondents fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria in this study were post-partum mothers on the second day who had babies with a birth weight of 1500 grams-2499 grams and were willing to be respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The statistical test employed independent t-test, paired t-test, and chi-square. Knowledge scores before and after treatment were significantly different in the intervention group and control group, with a p-value in the intervention group 0.00, while the knowledge and attitude scores in the control group were 0.00 and the behavioural scores were 0.11. There was a significant difference in the increase in knowledge, attitudes and behaviour scores in both groups. The p-value of knowledge and attitudes is 0.00, and the p-value of behaviour is 0.01. Hence, there is an increase in mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour after being provided with health education using a booklet.

scholarly journals KELENGKAPAN ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) DENGAN KEJADIAN BBLR

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Neli Sunarni ◽  
Elis Noviati ◽  
Rudi Kurniawan ◽  
Nur’aeni Mulyati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Complete Category ◽  
Analytical Research

Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) are babies born less than 2,500 grams. The LBW birth rate at the Ciamis District Regional General Hospital is quite high. One of the efforts to reduce the incidence of LBW is to improve the antenatal care at least 4 times during pregnancy.   This study uses a type of quantitative analytical research using the Cross Sectional approach. The population in the study were all mothers who gave birth at the Ciamis District Regional General Hospital. The study sample was 30 people.   The results showed that the completeness of antenatal care (ANC) was mostly in complete category, namely 17 people (56.7%). LBW incidence was mostly in the category of LBW as many as 17 people (56.7%). There is a relationship between the completeness of antenatal care (ANC) and the incidence of low birth weight because the values of ?> ? values (0.05> 0.007) and incomplete antenatal care (ANC) have a chance of 10.083 (10) times greater than the incidence of low birth weight. The conclusion in this study is that there is a significant relationship between the completeness of antenatal care (ANC) and the incidence of LBW at the District General Hospital of Ciamis   Suggestions are expected to improve ANC services by providing counseling to patients about the importance of ANC visits   The conclusion in this study is that there is a significant relationship between the completeness of antenatal care (ANC) and the incidence of LBW at the District General

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