scholarly journals Knowledge work difficulty factors: An empirical study based on different groups of knowledge workers

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalil Heidary Dahooie ◽  
Abbas Afrazeh ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Hosseini ◽  
Mohamad Reza Ghezel Arsalan
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Model Uncertainty ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Information Amount

The determination of the difficulty factor in knowledge work can be important for improving the performance of knowledge workers. In this article a regression model for investigating the difficulty of knowledge based activities (KBAs) is proposed. Four factors are considered in the model: Uncertainty, Variability of information, Amount of information and Level of skill and expertise. An empirical study based on 119 jobs from three different groups of knowledge workers (i.e. managerial, professional and clerical) shows that there are significant differences between the difficulty of the KBAs in managerial, clerical and professional jobs, and that managerial KBAs are more difficult than the KBAs of the other two groups.  Furthermore, regression models indicate that Level of skill and expertise is the most influential factor in the difficulty of the KBAs in each of the three groups.

scholarly journals Determination of collected porcini and chanterelle quantities depending on different climate change scenarios

2016 ◽  
pp. 77-98
Author(s):  
Nenad Rankovic ◽  
Jelena Nedeljkovic ◽  
Zoran Poduska ◽  
Dragan Nonic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Exponential Growth Rate ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Exponential Regression ◽  
Modelling Methods

This study examines the influence of some climate elements on the collected quantities of two commercially most significant types of mushrooms in Serbia (porcini and chanterelle). The main objective of the research is to determine the extent of the collected quantity of porcini and chanterelle, which can be expected in different scenarios of climate change (?1Bmin, ?1Bmax, A2min ? A2max), based on forecasts of temperature and rainfall changes. The general (dialectical) and specific (modelling methods) are used in the research, as well as the classical scientific methods of reasoning. The calculation of the average annual exponential growth rate (IS) was carried out by forming exponential regression models of the trend of porcini and chanterelle collected quantities. In the research it was found that, according to the data related to the period up to 2014, one can expect a decrease in the movement of both porcini and chanterelle IS, and thus a decrease in the collected quantities. On the other hand, according to the data related to the period up to 2040, in both cases one can expect some fluctuation (increase and decrease) in the movement of IS. According to the data related to periods after 2041 (especially for the period until 2100), in both cases, one can expect a decrease in the collected quantities, as a result of changes in T and P, caused by the assumed climate change.

HRM and Knowledge Workers

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juani Swart
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Knowledge Worker ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practice Development

This article develops a definition of the knowledge worker and discusses the characteristics of knowledge workers and their work. It then shifts to the organizational level and takes a closer look at the characteristics of knowledge-based organizations and the management of knowledge work. Several managerial and theoretical challenges arise when we combine individual and organizational knowledge perspectives. Each of these challenges, together with relevant knowledge-focused HR practices, is discussed and presented in a table, which serves as a summary to the article. The final section looks toward the future and explores possible avenues for research, theory-building, and HRM policy and practice development.

scholarly journals Negotiating the 'Catch 22': Transitioning to Knowledge Work for University Graduates with Learning Disabilities

Just Labour ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athena Goodfellow
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Employment Testing ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Work Transition ◽  
Catch 22 ◽  
The University ◽  
Do So

This paper examines the experiences of graduates with learning disabilities (GLD) transitioning into knowledge-based work in Ontario, Canada. The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the messiness in the university-to-work transition for GLD. To do so, this paper draws from interviews conducted with GLD in university and in the labour market. This paper first discusses the rise of the smart worker standard, a standard sensitive to socio-culture norms, in recruitment of knowledge workers. The analysis of this paper examines three key stages of transition, namely: interviewing, employment testing and probationary period. This study’s analysis demonstrates a ‘catch-22’ for GLD where they fear stigmatization through either disclosing their disability and non-disclosure where they risk being perceived as ‘lazy’ or ‘incompetent’. The conclusion provides recommendations to support the transition experiences of GLD.

Personalized diagnoses for inconsistent user requirements

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Felfernig ◽  
Monika Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Complex Products ◽  
Prediction Quality ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Telecommunication Systems

AbstractKnowledge-based configurators are supporting configuration tasks for complex products such as telecommunication systems, computers, or financial services. Product configurations have to fulfill the requirements articulated by the user and the constraints contained in the configuration knowledge base. If the user requirements are inconsistent with the constraints in the configuration knowledge base, users have to be supported in finding out a way from the no solution could be found dilemma. In this paper we introduce a new algorithm (PersDiag) that allows the determination of personalized diagnoses for inconsistent user requirements in knowledge-based configuration scenarios. We present the results of an empirical study that show the advantages of our approach in terms of prediction quality and efficiency.

How Much Automation Is Too Much? Keeping the Human Relevant in Knowledge Work

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve G. Sutton ◽  
Vicky Arnold ◽  
Matthew Holt
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Knowledge Based Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Work Production ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT With the rapid advances in data analytics, machine learning, and continuous monitoring along with other related advances in artificial intelligence-based technologies, our solution as researchers to many of today's business problems increasingly becomes one of, “Can I fix the problem through automation?” However, as we find that artificial intelligence increasingly provides us with the power to replace knowledge workers with automated systems, rarely is the question asked, “Should we automate knowledge work?” There are a host of questions that should be addressed including (1) whether automation is the most effective solution, (2) if there are ethical dilemmas associated with replacing the human element, and (3) if there are societal implications of displacing large numbers of knowledge workers. The focus of this discussion is on understanding the impact of knowledge-based systems on human users' knowledge acquisition and retention and outlining an alternative research strategy that centers more on transferring knowledge to the user during the work production process in order to maintain human expertise and relevance in professional decision making. Contemporary research still argues that human-computer collaboration may outperform either on their own; but, to limit the deskilling effect of knowledge-based systems and alternatively promote skill development, we call upon academic researchers to seek better ways to keep the human relevant in a broad range of knowledge work fields. Further, we suggest that expanding the philosophical discussions of the ethics of artificial intelligence-based technologies and the corollary impact on the rapid decline of the professions is necessary.

Determination of the lattice translation across {110} APBs in GaAs

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
D.R. Rasmussen ◽  
N.-H. Cho ◽  
C.B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Antiphase Boundary ◽  
The Other ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Interface Plane ◽  
Inversion Symmetry ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Equilibrium Distance

Domains in GaAs can exist which are related to one another by the inversion symmetry, i.e., the sites of gallium and arsenic in one domain are interchanged in the other domain. The boundary between these two different domains is known as an antiphase boundary [1], In the terminology used to describe grain boundaries, the grains on either side of this boundary can be regarded as being Σ=1-related. For the {110} interface plane, in particular, there are equal numbers of GaGa and As-As anti-site bonds across the interface. The equilibrium distance between two atoms of the same kind crossing the boundary is expected to be different from the length of normal GaAs bonds in the bulk. Therefore, the relative position of each grain on either side of an APB may be translated such that the boundary can have a lower energy situation. This translation does not affect the perfect Σ=1 coincidence site relationship. Such a lattice translation is expected for all high-angle grain boundaries as a way of relaxation of the boundary structure.

Determination of the Burgers vector of a dislocation in a Fe-Mn alloy by weak-beam image in HVEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-331
Author(s):  
Y. Ishida ◽  
H. Ishida ◽  
K. Kohra ◽  
H. Ichinose
Keyword(s):  
High Order ◽  
Simulation Technique ◽  
The Other ◽  
Image Simulation ◽  
Diffraction Vector ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Beam Image ◽  
Edge Component

IntroductionA simple and accurate technique to determine the Burgers vector of a dislocation has become feasible with the advent of HVEM. The conventional image vanishing technique(1) using Bragg conditions with the diffraction vector perpendicular to the Burgers vector suffers from various drawbacks; The dislocation image appears even when the g.b = 0 criterion is satisfied, if the edge component of the dislocation is large. On the other hand, the image disappears for certain high order diffractions even when g.b ≠ 0. Furthermore, the determination of the magnitude of the Burgers vector is not easy with the criterion. Recent image simulation technique is free from the ambiguities but require too many parameters for the computation. The weak-beam “fringe counting” technique investigated in the present study is immune from the problems. Even the magnitude of the Burgers vector is determined from the number of the terminating thickness fringes at the exit of the dislocation in wedge shaped foil surfaces.

Procedures for the Quantitative Determination of Autoprothrombin C

1962 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 434-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond R Cole ◽  
Ewa Marciniak ◽  
Walter H Seegers
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Plasma Sample ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Autoprothrombin C

SummaryTwo quantitative procedures for autoprothrombin C are described. In one of these purified prothrombin is used as a substrate, and the activity of autoprothrombin C can be measured even if thrombin is in the preparation. In this procedure a reaction mixture is used wherein the thrombin titer which develops in 20 minutes is proportional to the autoprothrombin C in the reaction mixture. A unit is defined as the amount which will generate 70 units of thrombin in the standardized reaction mixture. In the other method thrombin interferes with the result, because a standard bovine plasma sample is recalcified and the clotting time is noted. Autoprothrombin C shortens the clotting time, and the extent of this is a quantitative measure of autoprothrombin C activity.

Determination of Factor XIII Activity and of Factor XIII Inhibitors Using an Ammonium-Sensitive Electrode

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (02) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Hellstern ◽  
K Schilz ◽  
G von Blohn ◽  
E Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Factor Xiii Deficiency ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Stabilization Factor ◽  
Release Method ◽  
Sensitive Electrode

SummaryAn assay for rapid factor XIII activity measurement has been developed based on the determination of the ammonium released during fibrin stabilization. Factor XIII was activated by thrombin and calcium. Ammonium was measured by an ammonium-sensitive electrode. It was demonstrated that the assay procedure yields accurate and precise results and that factor XIII-catalyzed fibrin stabilization can be measured kinetically. The amount of ammonium released during the first 90 min of fibrin stabilization was found to be 7.8 ± 0.5 moles per mole fibrinogen, which is in agreement with the findings of other authors. In 15 normal subjects and in 15 patients suffering from diseases with suspected factor XIII deficiency there was a satisfactory correlation between the results obtained by the “ammonium-release-method”, Bohn’s method, and the immunological assay (r1 = 0.65; r2= 0.70; p<0.01). In 3 of 5 patients with paraproteinemias the values of factor XIII activity determined by the ammonium-release method were markedly lower than those estimated by the other methods. It could be shown that inhibitor mechanisms were responsible for these discrepancies.

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