scholarly journals Abstract of a study to measure the possible differences in the perception of pain and temperature in hemiplegic patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
L. A. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Pain Perception ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Normal Perception

Introduction: The peripheral sensations of pain and temperature are so closely linked anatomically1 that often only one is assessed during the physiotherapy examination of a neurologically impaired patient. The assumption is made that they would either both be affected or both be normal. Usually pain perception is evaluated as it is the quicker and easier of the two tests. However, could it be possible that pain sensibility be normal, yet temperature abnormal? This scenario could have dire consequences for the patient, as the therapist would neglect to warn the patient or his/her care giver of the possibility of burning themselves, for instance, when climbing into too hot a bath, or sitting too close to a heater. A pilot study investigated the validity of this assumption in subjects having sustained a cerebral vascular accident (CVA).Procedure: The pain and temperature perceptions of twenty-two acute (less than three months prior) CVA patients were assessed. Pain was assessed using the pin prick method, and temperature, using hot and cold test-tubes on both sides of the body in thirteen different areas2,3.Results :There were fifteen female and seven male subjects tested, nine of whom had right CVA's, while thirteen had sustained left CVA's. Eight of the subjects had normal sensation, and ten had both pain and temperature decreased. Four of the subjects (all left CVA's) reported a normal perception to pain, but this was decreased as compared to temperature, especially to heat.Discussion: The results were in keeping with those of Samuelsson et al4. However, the study requires more stringent inclusion criteria, for example a smaller age range as the appreciation of sensation may decrease with age, and a larger sample in order to determine the difference between left and right CVA's. Only middle cerebral artery territory strokes should be included. Unfortunately the nature of the assessment of sensation requires that the subject be able to understand the test and be able to communicate their reply, thus aphasic subjects, both receptive and expressive would have to be excluded. Follow-up studies may have to be included, as sensation perception may improve with time following a CVA1.Conclusion: Although there was not conclusive evidence these two sensations may be affected by a CVA, there were examples of when it did occur.  perhaps it is incumbent on physiotherapists to warn all their clients of the possibility and consequences of a loss of temperature sensation, even if pain perception appears normal.

scholarly journals Comparison of Gut Microbiota between Sasang Constitutions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong-Soo Kim ◽  
Hyo Sang Bae ◽  
Chi-yeon Lim ◽  
Mi Jeong Kim ◽  
Jae-gu Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Constitutional Medicine ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects

The Sasang constitutional medicine has long been applied to diagnose and treat patients with various diseases. Studies have been conducted for establishment of scientific evidence supporting Sasang Constitutional (SC) diagnosis. Recent human microbiome studies have demonstrated individual variations of gut microbiota which can be dependent on lifestyle and health conditions. We hypothesized that gut microbial similarities and discrepancies may exist across SC types. We compared the difference of gut microbiota among three constitutions (So-Yang, So-Eum, and Tae-Eum), along with the investigation of anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were predominant phyla in all SC types. The median plot analysis suggested that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes appeared more abundant in SE and TE, respectively, in the male subjects of 20–29 years old. At the genus level,BifidobacteriumandBacteroidesmanifested the difference between SE and TE types. For anthropometry, body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference of the TE type were significantly higher than those of the other types. Overall, findings indicated a possible link between SC types and gut microbiota within a narrow age range. Further investigations are deemed necessary to elucidate the influences of age, gender, and other factors in the context of SC types and gut microbiota.

Exposure to priority organochlorine contaminants in the Italian general population. Part 2

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Mrema ◽  
FM Rubino ◽  
S Mandic-Rajcevic ◽  
E Sturchio ◽  
R Turci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
General Population ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
The Body ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Organochlorine Contaminants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range

Concentrations of 36 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners were measured in serum of 372 Italian residents of general population living in Novafeltria, Pavia, and Milan. Total PCB level differed significantly between these sites ( p < 0.0001) with median concentrations of 836.50, 1354.57, and 2062.08 pmol/g lipid, respectively. However, there is no evidence for the difference in distribution of total PCB levels by genders. Total dioxin-like PCBs differed significantly ( p < 0.0001) between the sites (median 109.78, 50.88, and 166.99 pmol/g lipid, respectively) and genders of Novafeltria and Pavia ( p = 0.011 and 0.009, respectively). PCB 138, 153, 170, and 180 differed significantly between the places of residence ( p < 0.0001) with higher values in Milan population. In the overall population, total PCB and PCB 138, 153, 156, 170, and 180 correlated positively with age (correlations range between 0.320 and 0.569, p < 0.0001). In Novafeltria, the correlations ranged between 0.545 and 0.670, and in Pavia, the correlations ranged between 0.516 and 0.666. In Milan, correlations with age range between 0.327 and 0.417 for total PCB and congeners 138, 153, and 180. With an exception of PCB 170, there was no evidence of significant difference in the distribution of most abundant PCB congeners and total PCB across the body mass index categories.

scholarly journals An Ex-Press implant versus trabeculectomy in a fibrotic bleb with late failure after previous trabeculectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387
Author(s):  
Faried Wagdy ◽  
◽  
Hisham Elsorogy ◽  
Ahmed Alnagdy ◽  
Dina Abd Elfattah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Late Failure ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Age Range

AIM: To compare the outcome of an Ex-Press implant and subscleral trabeculectomy (SST) in the management of glaucoma after previous trabeculectomy on a fibrotic bleb. METHODS: This randomized prospective study included 28 eyes from 28 patients (age range: 42-55y) with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) presented with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) with fibrotic bleb despite previous SST for more than 4mo. The eyes enrolled in the study were divided into two groups: group I (subjected to Ex-Press implant surgery) and group II [subjected to SST with mitomycin C (MMC)]. The follow-up continued one year after surgery to evaluate IOP, visual acuity (VA), visual field (VF), and postoperative complications. RESULTS: A significant decrease in IOP was found in both groups with a higher reduction in Ex-Press implant surgery with the mean IOP of 14.50 mm Hg (P=0.001), while the SST group recorded the mean IOP of 16.50 mm Hg (P=0.001) after one year. However, the difference between the two groups in terms of the decrease in IOP was insignificant. Fewer postoperative complications were recorded in the Ex-Press implant surgery and more cases requiring further anti-glaucomatous medications were seen in the SST group. Both groups showed stability in terms of VA and VF. CONCLUSION: Ex-Press implant surgery and SST with MMC are two surgical alternatives for controlling IOP in late failure that occurs more than 4mo after previous SST with a fibrotic bleb. However, Ex-Press shunt is a safer surgery with fewer complications.

scholarly journals Interet D’une Supplementation En Spiruline Chez Les Enfants Drepanocytaires Homozygotes A L’hopital National De Niamey. (Essai Clinique Randomise En Double Aveugle A Propos De 53 Cas)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Malam-Abdou B. ◽  
Brah S. ◽  
Andia A. ◽  
Mahamane Sani MA ◽  
Chefou M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
The Body ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
Essai Clinique ◽  
Essai Clinique Randomisé ◽  
The Difference

Spirulina is a micro algae used for thousands of years due to its healing properties. We supplemented children suffering from sickle cell anemia in order to appreciate its impact on the anthropometrical and clinical parameters. It consisted of a randomized clinical double blind test which was carried during a period of 9 months. The study concerned 53 homozygotes children suffering from sickle cell anemia aged 6 months to 15 years. Also, they were visiting the National Hospital of Niamey for follow up. One group (28 children) received 5 g of spirulina daily, and the other group (25 children) received placebo. The aspects studied were: the number of hospitalizations and transfusions, the vaso-occlusive crisis, the body mass index, and the splenomegalia. We found that 84.90% of patients were hospitalized at least once and 45.3% of them have already been transfused. The average number of crisis has greatly decreased in the spirulina group from 2.75 before the study to 1.18 at the end of the study. This, thus, was observed when compared to 2.44 to 1.6 in the placebo group. We also noticed a decrease of the number of hospitalizations and the number of transfusions which is less important in the group supplemented with spirulina. In conclusion, this study showed that supplementation in spirulina had a significant impact on children suffering from sickle cell anemia. This is even despite the fact that the difference between the two groups is not significant in some cases.

scholarly journals Comparison of the maximum hand-generated torque by professors and postgraduate dental students for tightening the abutment screws of dental implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Feridoun Parnia ◽  
Javad Yazdani ◽  
Parisa Fakour ◽  
Farhang Mahboub ◽  
Seyyed Mahdi Vahid Pakdel
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects

Background.Dental implants are utilized with an ever-increasing rate. One of the causes of abutment screw loosening has been identified as inadequate preload. The objective behind this study was to compare the maximum hand-generated torque for tightening abutment screws by professors and postgraduate dental students using a digital torquemeter with 0.1 N/cm precision. Methods.In a laboratory study conducted in Dental Implant Department of Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, the maximum hand-generated torque for tightening abutment screws by professors and postgraduate dental students was investigated, using a digital torquemeter with 0.1 N/cm precision. Results.The participants consisted of 36 (41.9%) females and 50 (58.1%) males, totaling 86 participants, of whom 45 (46.87%) and 41 (53.13%) were university professors and postgraduate dental students, respectively. The mean age of the participants was 33.4±10.2 years with an age range of 25‒60 years; 50 (58.1%) participants were in the 25‒34-year, 23 (26.7%) in the 35‒47-year, and 13 (15.1%) in the 48‒60-year age range. The mean age of professors and postgraduate dental students was 41±8.3 and 25.1±3.3 years, respectively. The means of maximum torques generated by female and male professors were 14.3±3 and 20.8±4.2, respectively. The means of maximum torques generated by female and male postgraduate dental students were 14.7±3.4 and 18.7±4.3, respectively. Statistical analyses showed no significant differences between the mean maximum torques generated by professors and postgraduate dental students (P=0.051). Conclusion. In the present study, the mean maximum torque generated by professors was higher than that generated by postgraduate dental students. However, the difference was not statistically significant. The mean maximum torque generated by male subjects was significantly higher. No interaction was seen between the studied groups and sex. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean maximum torques generated in different age ranges; i.e., the maximum torque generated in the 25‒34-year age range was lower than that in the other two age groups. Finally, the effect of age range on the mean maximum torque was similar in both groups.

Surgical Treatment of Tympanic Membrane Retractions

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P59-P60
Author(s):  
Venkat R Srinivasan ◽  
Mihirangi Shamane Rubasinghe ◽  
Christopher Low
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range

Objective To report a modified technique of cartilage reinforcement tympanoplasty. To assess the safety and efficacy of this technique for symptomatic tympanic membrane retractions. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with Pars Tensa retractions treated surgically between 2001 and 2007. The indications were discharge and hearing loss. Surgery involved excision of retracted segment, exposure of facial recess, removal of keratin and reinforcement with thinned tragal cartilage graft (cartilage thinned by cartilage cutter) and temporalis fascia. Paired T test was used to compare the mean ABG before and after surgery. Results 34 ears were operated on in 33 patients with an age range of 8 to 66 (mean 38). Full extent of the retraction was visible (Moderate) in 12 ears and not visible in 22 ears (Severe). Cholesteatoma was found in 10 ears (all in Severe group) and ossicular erosion was noticed in 29 ears. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 66 months (mean of 36 months). The success rate was 97% with recurrence of retraction in 1 ear. Air-bone gap improved in 31 ears, remained the same in 1 ear, and worsened in 2 ears. The pre- and postoperative mean ABG values were 24.3 (SD 9.5) and 17 (8.7). The difference was 7.3 p<0.0001(95% CI=4.8,9.9). Cholesteatoma recurred in 1 patient. Cholesteatoma presence and severity of retraction did not have any influence on the recurrence rate (Fisher's Exact Test). Conclusions High incidence of per-operative discovery of cholesteatoma (30%) in our series supports early, aggressive management of symptomatic retractions. Thinned cartilage is more effective with less chances of migration.

Heat debt as an index for cold adaptation in men

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1627-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Bittel
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Male Subjects

Several types of cold adaptation in men have been described in the literature (metabolic, insulative, hypothermic). The aim of this study is to show that the decrease of heat debt can be considered as a new index for cold adaptation. Ten male subjects were acclimated by water immersions (temperature 10–15 degrees C, 4 immersions/wk over 2 mo). Thermoregulatory responses before and after acclimation were tested by a standard cold test in a climatic chamber for 2 h at rest [dry bulb temperature (Tdb): 10 degrees C; relative humidity (rh): 25%]. After adaptation, four thermoregulatory modifications were observed: an increase in the delay for the onset of shivering (32.7 +/- 7.99 instead of 14.1 +/- 5.25 min); a decrease of body temperature levels for the onset of shivering [rectal temperature (Tre): 37.06 +/- 0.08 instead of 37.31 +/- 0.06 degrees C; mean skin temperature (Tsk): 24.83 +/- 0.56 instead of 26.86 +/- 0.46 degrees C; mean body temperature (Tb): 33.03 +/- 0.20 instead of 34.16 +/- 0.37 degrees C); a lower level of body temperatures in thermoneutrality (Tre = 37.16 +/- 0.08 instead of 37.39 +/- 0.06 degrees C; Tsk = 31.29 +/- 0.21 instead of 32.01 +/- 0.22 degrees C; Tb = 35.92 +/- 0.08 instead of 36.22 +/- 0.05 degrees C); a decrease of heat debt calculated from the difference between heat gains and heat losses (5.66 +/- 0.08 instead of 8.33 +/- 0.38 kJ/kg). The different types of cold adaptation observed are related to the physical characteristics of the subjects (percent body fat content) and the level of physical fitness (VO2max).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Effect of environmental and paragenetic factors on birth mass variability of Mis sheep populations

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
Ruzic Muslic ◽  
N. Maksimovic ◽  
N. Memisi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Average Body

The aim of the study was to determine effect of environmental and paragenetic factors on body mass of lambs at birth. Investigation was realized on experimental sheep farm of Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun. Animal included in this research were representatives of Mis sheep population. The results of the research confirm that values of the birth mass range from 4.43 kg to 4,58 kg observed by years and 4.48 kg to 4.55 kg depending on the lambing season. Statistical analysis showed that the existing differences still significant on the level (P <0.05). Variations of body mass in lambs depending on the mother's age range in the interval from 4.29 kg to 4.52 kg and statistically very significant(P<0.01). Type of birth has also expressed a significant effect on the body mass of lambs at birth and variations range from 4.31 kg (twins) to 4.59 kg (single). Existing differences was statistically very significant (P<0.01). Average body mass in lambs depending on sex of lamb were almost the same, 4.54 kg male and 4.52 kg female, and the difference is not statistically significant (P> 0.05).

Ultrastructural Study of Human Testicular Biopsies in Infertility

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Shirley Siew ◽  
Philip Troen ◽  
Howard R. Nankin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects

Testicular biopsies were obtained from six young male subjects (age range 24-33) who complained of infertility and who had clinical evidence of oligospermia. This was confirmed on histological examination which showed a broad spectrum from profound hypospermatogenesis to relatively normal appearing germinal epithelium. Thickening of the tubular walls was noted in half of the cases and slight peritubular fibrosis in one. The Leydig cells were reported as normal or unremarkable.Transmission electron microscopy showed that the thickening of the supporting tissue of the germinal epithelium was caused more by an increase in the thickness of the layers of the lamina propria than of the tubular wall itself. The changes in the basement membrane of the tubular wall consisted mostly of a greater degree of infolding into the tubule and some reduplication which gave rise to a multilayered appearance.

Re-Increased Male Suicide Rates in the Recovery Phase Following the Great East Japan Earthquake

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Orui
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Background: Monitoring of suicide rates in the recovery phase following a devastating disaster has been limited. Aim: We report on a 7-year follow-up of the suicide rates in the area affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred in March 2011. Method: This descriptive study covered the period from March 2009 to February 2018. Period analysis was used to divide the 108-month study period into nine segments, in which suicide rates were compared with national averages using Poisson distribution. Results: Male suicide rates in the affected area from March 2013 to February 2014 increased to a level higher than the national average. After subsequently dropping, the male rates from March 2016 to February 2018 re-increased and showed a greater difference compared with the national averages. The difference became significant in the period from March 2017 to February 2018 ( p = .047). Limitations: Specific reasons for increasing the rates in the recovery phase were not determined. Conclusion: The termination of the provision of free temporary housing might be influential in this context. Provision of temporary housing was terminated from 2016, which increased economic hardship among needy evacuees. Furthermore, disruption of the social connectedness in the temporary housing may have had an influence. Our findings suggest the necessity of suicide rate monitoring even in the recovery phase.

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