scholarly journals Physiotherapists` knowledge of the transmission and prevention of communicable diseases

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Grobler ◽  
N. Kleynhans ◽  
A. Lubbe ◽  
T. Smit ◽  
C. Retief ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Free State ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Hiv Aids

With the world-wide increase of communicable diseases, adequate knowledge by health professionals of the transmission and prevention of these diseases is essential to ensure effective protection.  The aim of this study was to determine whether practising physiotherapists’ knowledge of the transmission and prevention of tuberculosis, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS was adequate to ensure effective protection.A descriptive study was conducted.  One hundred and forty six practising physiotherapists in the Free State received questionnaires on which they had to indicate the relevant transmission and preventative measures for each disease. One hundred and three (70.5%) questionnaires were returned.  Points were allocated for the knowledge of transmission and preventative measures.  The medians with respect to transmission were: tuberculosis 83%, hepatitis A 58%, hepatitis B 67%, hepatitis C 75% and HIV/AIDS 92%.  The medians with respect to preventative measures were: tuberculosis 57%, hepatitis A 58%, hepatitis B 77%, hepatitis C 67% and HIV/AIDS 71%.  The knowledge of transmission was better than the knowledge of preventative measures.  An increase in the knowledge of practising physiotherapists in the Free State is needed to ensure their maximal protection against communicable diseases.

The prevalence of hepatitis B and C co-infections among people with HIV-1 in Bulgaria: 2010–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
Ivailo Alexiev ◽  
Elitsa Golkocheva-Markova ◽  
Asya Kostadinova ◽  
Reneta Dimitrova ◽  
Lora Nikolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Multiple Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Aids

Aim: To evaluate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individuals with HIV/AIDS in Bulgaria diagnosed between 2010 and 2015. Materials & methods: A total of 1158 individuals were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS during the study period. Different transmission groups were tested with ELISA and real-time PCR for HBV and HCV markers. Results: Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antiboby were found in 9.3 and 23.2% of the tested. HBV DNA and HCV RNA has been found in 47.4 and 69.6%. Hepatitis B and C co-infections were predominant in multiple risk behavior groups, including people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, prisoners and Roma individuals. Conclusion: HIV prevalence in Bulgaria is low but the rates of hepatitis B and C co-infections among these patients fall within the upper range reported in Europe.

scholarly journals Changing Trends in Viral Hepatitis-Associated Hospitalizations in the American Indian/Alaska Native Population, 1995–2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 816-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy K. Byrd ◽  
John T. Redd ◽  
Robert C. Holman ◽  
Dana L. Haberling ◽  
James E. Cheek
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Significant Change

Objective. We described the changing epidemiology of viral hepatitis among the American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population that uses Indian Health Service (IHS) health care. Methods. We used hospital discharge data from the IHS National Patient Information Reporting System to determine rates of hepatitis A-, B-, and C-associated hospitalization among AI/ANs using IHS health care from 1995–2007 and summary periods 1995–1997 and 2005–2007. Results. Hepatitis A-associated hospitalization rates among AI/AN people decreased from 4.9 per 100,000 population during 1995–1997 to 0.8 per 100,000 population during 2005–2007 (risk ratio [RR] = 0.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1, 0.2). While there was no significant change in the overall hepatitis B-associated hospitalization rate between time periods, the average annual rate in people aged 45–64 years increased by 109% (RR=2.1, 95% CI 1.4, 3.2). Between the two time periods, the hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate rose from 13.0 to 55.0 per 100,000 population (RR=4.2, 95% CI 3.8, 4.7), an increase of 323%. The hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate was highest among people aged 45–64 years, males, and those in the Alaska region. Conclusions. Hepatitis A has decreased to near-eradication levels among the AI/AN population using IHS health care. Hepatitis C-associated hospitalizations increased significantly; however, there was no significant change in hepatitis B-associated hospitalizations. Emphasis should be placed on continued universal childhood and adolescent hepatitis B vaccination and improved vaccination of high-risk adults. Prevention and education efforts should focus on decreasing hepatitis C risk behaviors and identifying people with hepatitis C infection so they may be referred for treatment.

scholarly journals Hepatitis viral en la gestación

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Pío Iván Gómez Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Hepatitis Delta

La primera causa de ictericia en el embarazo es la hepatitis viral que puede ser causada por lo menos por cinco virus (A, B, C, D y E). El descubrimiento del virus de la hepatitis C y Delta prácticamente eliminó las antes denominadas Hepatitis No A No B y aún existe la posibilidad de descubrir nuevos virus.En este artículo se presenta un caso clínico de hepatitis B y se revisa etiología, diagnóstico, profilaxis y tratamiento de las diferentes hepatitis virales, haciendo énfasis en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y profilaxis del hijo de madre con hepatitis B, por la morbimortalidad que representa. Se revisa la hepatitis Delta, importante en Colombia, por tener zonas endémicas de este virus que requiere la infección previa o simultánea de hepatitis B. Por último se revisa la hepatitis E, de características similares a la hepatitis A, pero que afecta preferencialmente a la mujer gestante y en ella tiene mayor índice de morbimortalidad.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B and C Viral Infection in B-Thalassemic Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3733-3737
Author(s):  
Mokhles Mahdi Abolewaikh Almayyahi ◽  
Flayyih Hassan Shnawa Al-Hameedawi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Liver Functions

The main objective of this study is to show how both hepatitis B and C Viral Infection in B-Thalassemic patients occurs and a study of their liver functions. To define the occurrence of either hepatitis A or B and C viral infection across the B-Thalassemia key clients/patients in Thalassemia Center of AL-Diwanyia Maternity and Children hospital from 1st. Jan. –  1st.Nov.2017. To carry out the study, it enlisted 54 patients; 31 patients were male (57.4%) in which the male to the female ratio was 01.4:01. Results for this study revealed that 2 patients had Hepatitis B (3.7%), and 6 patients had Hepatitis C (11.1%). The Liver enzymes were significantly more in those patients having either Hepatitis B or C viral infection. According to this study, it was revealed that the occurrence of HBsAg seropositive in B-thalassemic patients was 307%, and Anti-HCV seropositive were 11.1%, and the rate is lower than reported in many countries. The occurrence of Anti-HCV seropositive is higher than that for HBsAg seropositive. Also, the probability of having liver injury was high for thalassemic patients whom were HBsAg positive & Anti-HCV positive than that of seronegative for HBsAg & Anti- HCV.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT HEPATITIS DENGAN METODE CASE BASED REASONING (CBR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darsin Darsin ◽  
Mira Febriana Sesunan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
Virus Hepatitis ◽  
Case Based

Penyakit Hepatitis adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh beberapa jenis virus yang menyerang dan menyebabkan peradangan serta merusak sel-sel organ hati manusia. Hepatitis dikategorikan dalam beberapa golongan, diantaranya hepatitis A, B, C, D dan E. Hepatitis dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu hepatitis akut yang  berlangsung kurang dari 6 bulan ditularkan melalui fecal oral lewat makanan dan hepatitis kronis yang berlangsung lebih dari 6 bulan ditularkan lewat cairan parenrral, seksual, plasenta. Hepatitis akut terdiri dari virus hepatitis A dan virus hepatitis E, sedangkan hepatitis kronis terdiri dari virus hepatitis B dan virus hepatitis C. Di Indonesia penyakit Hepatitis yang paling banyak di derita adalah hepatitis A, B dan hepatitis C. Sedangkan mengidentifikasi serangan penyakit pemyakit hepatitis, dapat dilakukan dengan cara melihat fisik secara langsung pada setiap bagian tubuh, baik kulit, mata, air seni. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan identifikasi penyakit hepatitis A, B, C, D, E. Sistem penalaran komputer berbasis kasus case based reasoning (CBR) merupakan sistem yang bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan suatu kasus baru dengan cara mengadaptasi solusi-solusi yang terdapat kasus-kasus sebelumnya yang mirip dengan kasus baru tersebut.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B and hepatitis C prevalence among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songxia Yu ◽  
Chengbo Yu ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Shiming Liu ◽  
Haowen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Biochemical Parameters in Common Viral Hepatitis

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ashraf-Uz-Zaman ◽  
Bilquis Ara Begum ◽  
Humaira Binte Asad ◽  
Shafia Sharmin Moutoshi ◽  
Md Nasiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Bilirubin Level ◽  
Hepatitis D

Viral hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver caused by hepatitis viruses. The most common causes of viral hepatitis are the five unrelated hepatotropic viruses Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis D, and Hepatitis E. The aim of this study is to assess the biochemical parameters in viral hepatitis which varies with respect to the different types of viral hepatitis. Sex of the patient affected by Hepatitis A was almost similar in male and female, being 9 (45%) and 11 (55%) in respectively. But in contrast, more than eighty per cent (85%) Hepatitis-E affected population was male. Similar scenario was found in Hepatitis B And C infection (Male- 75%,67%, Female 25,35%). Mean value with standard deviation (±SD) of serum bilirubin level was highest in Hepatitis E (251 ± 125.19 ìmol/l). Value of serum ALT in hepatitis E was found to be 1794 U/l (highest), hepatitis B 1362 U/l hepatitis C are 135.45 U/L,. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (S.AST) is also raised in all types of vira hepatitis but more in Hepatitis E (765 U/l) and Hepatitis B (430 U/l). Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) was raised significantly in Hepatitis B (240 U/l). The prothombin time was more altered in Hepatitis-E (22.7seconds) and Hepatitis-B (18.5 seconds). There was no significant alteration in serum protein level. So, it can be concluded that derangement of biochemical parameters in patients suffering from common types of viral hepatitis is more in HEV and HBV and comparatively less in HAV and HCV. Keywords: Viral hepatitis, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, hepatitis E DOI:10.3329/jom.v11i1.4268 J Medicine 2010: 11: 42-45

Prevalence and Temporal Trends of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV/AIDS Co-infection During Pregnancy Across the Decade, 1998–2007

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamisu M. Salihu ◽  
Laura Connell ◽  
Jason L. Salemi ◽  
Euna M. August ◽  
Hanna E. Weldeselasse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN RISIKO K3 MENGGUNAKAN HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1080-1094
Author(s):  
Suzana Indragiri ◽  
Triesda Yuttya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Risk Measurement ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Potential Danger ◽  
Patient Room ◽  
Hiv Aids

Kegiatan di Rumah Sakit mempunyai risiko berasal dari faktor fisik, kimia,  biologi, ergonomi  dan  psikososial, variasi, ukuran, tipe dan kelengkapan Rumah Sakit  menentukan tingkat risiko K3. RSD Gunung Jati sebagai sarana pelayanan kesehatan tempat berkumpulnya orang sakit maupun orang sehat yang memungkinkan terjadinya risiko timbulnya kecelakaan akibat kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja. Sumber bahaya yang ada di Rumah Sakit harus diidentifikasi dan dinilai untuk menentukan tingkat risiko, yang merupakan tolak ukur kemungkinan terjadinya kecelakaan akibat kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja. Dari hasil rekapitulasi insiden di ruang rawat inap Pangeran Suryanegara (Psikiatri) pada Desember 2015 sampai Juni 2017 terdapat 20 insiden. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui manajemen risiko K3 menggunakan Hazard Identification Risk Assessment And Risk Control (HIRARC). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu observasi lapangan, telaah dokumen, dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis data diawali dengan mengidentifikasi bahaya potensial dengan metode HIRARC untuk menganalisa potensi bahaya dari aktivitas kerja serta memberikan penilaian risiko, dan melakukan upaya pengendalian risiko.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa terdapat 10 aktivitas kerja di ruang rawat inap psikiatri yang memiliki potensi bahaya, identifikasi bahaya yaitu pencahayaan, disinfektan, tertular penyakit HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Tuberkulosis, postur tubuh yang salah, melakukan pekerjaan berulang, mendapat  serangan pasien, sering kontak dengan pasien, panik, dan kerja berlebih. Penilaian risiko diketahui 1 aktivitas kerja dengan risiko extreme, 7 aktivitas kerja dengan risiko high, 1 aktivitas kerja moderate dan 1 aktivitas kerja low.Kata Kunci : Manajemen Risiko K3, HIRARC   ABSTRACTActivities in hospital have a risk which comes from physical factor, chemistry, biology, ergonomics, and psychosocial, variety, size, type, and completeness of hospital determine the OHS risk degree. Regional Gunung Jati hospital as a health service facility is a gathering place for sick people or healthy people where it is possible a risk occurs due to working accidence and disease due to working. The dangerous source which exists in hospital must be identified and measured to determine the risk level which is measuring basis for the possibility of accidence occurs due to working and disease due to working. From the recapitulation result of incidence in overnight-patient room Pangeran Suryanegara (psychiatry) from Des 2015 to June 2017 has 20 incidences. The goal of this research is to know the OHS risk management uses HIRARC. This research is a qualitative research. The technique used to collect data is observing field, analyzing data begins by identifying the potential danger using HIRARC method, analyzing potential danger from working activities and risk measurement and do the effort for controlling the risk.According to the research's result, it is known that there are 10 working activities in overnight-psychiatry patient room which have potential danger, identifying danger such as lightning, desinfectan, infected HIV/Aids, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, tuberculosis, wrong body from, doing repetitive work, getting patients attack, contacting patient frequently, panic, and workaholic. The risk measurement is known 1 working activity with the extreme risk, 7 working activities with high risk, 1 moderate working activity and 1 low working activity.Keywords : OHS Risk Management, HIRARC

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