Effects of probiotic drop containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Lactobacillus reuteri on salivary Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus levels

Spontaneous preterm birth is associated with vaginal microbial dysbiosis. As certain strains of lactobacilli help restore homeostasis in non-pregnant women, the goal was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 administered orally, twice daily for 12 weeks on the vaginal microbiota, cytokines and chemokines of low-risk pregnant women. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial comparing probiotic lactobacilli to placebo daily was performed in 86 asymptomatic pregnant women who had an Intermediate or Bacterial Vaginosis Nugent score at 13 weeks. After drop outs, 32 women receiving probiotics and 34 receiving placebo completed the study. The Nugent score returned to normal in 30% of the women in both groups at 28 weeks and was maintained until 35 weeks. The majority of subjects had normal pregnancy outcomes. Ninety-three bacterial species were detected at 13 weeks, with Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus crispatus, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae being the most abundant across pregnancy. There was no difference in the Shannon diversity index between the probiotic and placebo groups at 13, 28 or 35 weeks. Almost all subjects consumed fermented foods and many of the organisms in the vagina are also known to be present in fermented foods. Interleukin-4 in the placebo group and Interleukin-10 in both probiotic and placebo groups increased slightly at 28 weeks but were not different at 35 weeks when compared to 13 weeks. In conclusion, this study showed no adverse issues resulting from 12 week use of probiotic Lactobacillus strains GR-1 and RC-14 during pregnancy in women at low risk for premature birth. The vaginal microbiota demonstrated flux irrespective of this oral probiotic administration.

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Probiotic Effects on Multispecies Biofilm Composition, Architecture, and Caries Activity In Vitro

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8091272 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1272

Author(s):

Zhihui Chen ◽

Sebastian Schlafer ◽

Gerd Göstemeyer ◽

Falk Schwendicke

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Negative Control ◽

Caries Activity ◽

Actinomyces Naeslundii ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Bovine Enamel ◽

Culture Supernatants

While probiotics have been tested for their anti-caries effect in vitro and also clinically, there is a lack of understanding of their effects on complex dental biofilms. We assessed two probiotics, Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptococcus oligofermentans, on a continuous-cultured model containing Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces naeslundii. Cariogenic biofilms were grown on bovine enamel specimens and daily challenged with L. reuteri or S. oligofermentans whole culture (LC/SC) or cell-free supernatant (LS/SS) or medium only (negative control, NC) (n = 21/group) for 10 days. Biofilm was assessed via counting colony-forming units, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Caries activity was determined by pH measurements and by assessing mineral loss (ΔZ) using transverse microradiography. Both LC and SC significantly reduced total and strain-specific cariogenic bacterial numbers (p < 0.05). ΔZ was reduced in LC (mean ± SD: 1846.67 ± 317.89) and SC (3315.87 ± 617.30) compared to NC (4681.48 ± 495.18, p < 0.05). No significant reductions in bacterial numbers and ΔZ was induced by supernatants. Biofilm architecture was not considerably affected by probiotic applications. Viable probiotics L. reuteri and S. oligofermentans, but not their culture supernatants, could reduce the caries activity of multi-species biofilms in vitro.

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Role of probiotics in lower reproductive tract infection in women of age group 18 to 45 years

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170404 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 671

Author(s):

Rukshana Shamshu ◽

Jayasree Vaman ◽

Nirmala C.

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Double Blind ◽

Reproductive Tract Infection ◽

Conventional Antibiotics

Background: This study has been designed to assess the effectiveness of the probiotic strains having Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 in the management of lower genital infections (bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis) as an integral therapy with antibiotics.Methods: Double blind, randomized placebo controlled study in women between 18-45 years attending Sree Avittom Thirunal Hospital (SATH), Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India with symptoms of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Women giving consent were given probiotics along with conventional antibiotics and were followed up over a period of two months. Outcome is measured as percentage of women showing a score of less than 4 at the end of thirty days of treatment, and sixty days of treatment in the test and control group in the case of bacterial vaginosis and no discharge and absence of hyphae and pseudohyphae in wet smear and gram stain in case of candidiasis.Results: Out of 42 women studied, 32 had bacterial vaginosis and 10 had vulvovaginal candidiasis. 81.3% women with BV had a normal vaginal picture after sixty days of treatment as compared to placebo which was only 31.3%. The p value is 0.004 which is significant. In the treatment of VC, the percentage of women cured was the same in both probiotic and placebo group.Conclusions: In the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, addition of probiotics to the conventional antibiotics can improve the cure rate of bacterial vaginosis and reduce the rate of recurrences. In the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis, addition of probiotics to the conventional antifungal did not have a significant improvement.

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Improved cure of bacterial vaginosis with single dose of tinidazole (2 g),Lactobacillus rhamnosusGR-1, andLactobacillus reuteriRC-14: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w08-102 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 133-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

Rafael C. R. Martinez ◽

Sílvio A. Franceschini ◽

Maristela C. Patta ◽

Silvana M. Quintana ◽

Bruna C. Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Placebo Group ◽

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Antimicrobial Treatment ◽

Double Blind ◽

Probiotic Group ◽

Probiotic Lactobacilli

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most prevalent vaginal infection worldwide and is characterized by depletion of the indigenous lactobacilli. Antimicrobial therapy is often ineffective. We hypothesized that probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 might provide an adjunct to antimicrobial treatment and improve cure rates. Sixty-four Brazilian women diagnosed with BV were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of tinidazole (2 g) supplemented with either 2 placebo capsules or 2 capsules containing L. rhamnosus GR-1 and L. reuteri RC-14 every morning for the following 4 weeks. At the end of treatment (day 28), the probiotic group had a significantly higher cure rate of BV (87.5%) than the placebo group (50.0%) (p = 0.001). In addition, according to the Gram-stain Nugent score, more women were assessed with “normal” vaginal microbiota in the probiotic group (75.0% vs. 34.4% in the placebo group; p = 0.011). This study shows that probiotic lactobacilli can provide benefits to women being treated with antibiotics for an infectious condition.

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The influence of probiotics on the cervical malignancy diagnostics quality

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp100809001p ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 68 (11) ◽

pp. 956-960 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zivko Perisic ◽

Natasa Perisic ◽

Svetlana Golocorbin-Kon ◽

Dusan Vesovic ◽

Ana Mitrovic-Jovanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

False Negative ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Study Group ◽

Vaginal Infection ◽

Cervical Smear ◽

Vaginal Microflora ◽

Negative Findings ◽

Probiotic Strains ◽

Probiotic Preparation

Background/Aim. Probiotics help to provide an optimum balance in the intestines. Probiotics species competitive block toxic substances and growth of unwanted bacteria and yeast species while they compete for the space and food. Lactogyn? is the first oral probiotics on Serbian market dedicated to maintaining a normal vaginal flora. Lactogyn? contains two well studied probiotics strains - Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14. Both of them are considered as probiotic agents with therapeutic properties increase the population of beneficial lactobacillus organisms within the vagina. The aim of this study was to exam an influence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 on results of cervical smear cytological testing including detection of atypical cells, detection of false positive and false negative findings as well as on vaginal microflora content in patients with vaginal infection signs and symptoms. Methods. Totally 250 women with signs of vaginal infection were selected to participate in the study. The study group comprised 125 patients taking studied probiotic strains along with specific anti-infective therapy. The control group comprised, also, 125 patients taking anti-infective agents, only. Probiotic preparation (Lactogyn ? capsules) was administered orally (one capsule daily) during 4 weeks. Before and six weeks after beginning of the therapy a cervical smear cytological test (the Papanicolaou test), as well as microbiological examination of the vaginal smear were performed. Results. Number of cases of inflammation and atypical squamous cells of undeterminated significance (ASCUS) in the study group were significantly higher before administration of the probiotic preparation. The number of lactobacilli was significantly higher, and the number of pathogenic microorganisms lower in the group treated with this preparation. Conclusion. The application of probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 concomitantly with specific antiinfective agents provides more reliable cytological diagnostics, reduces the number of false positive and false negative findings on cervical malignancy and normalizes vaginal microflora in higher percentage of patients with vaginal infections comapred with therapy including anti-infective agents only.

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Stability and activity of specific antibodies against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in bovine milk fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG or treated at ultra-high temperature

Oral Microbiology and Immunology ◽

10.1046/j.0902-0055.2001.00084.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 9-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

H. Wei ◽

V. Loimaranta ◽

J. Tenovuo ◽

S. Rokka ◽

E-L. Syväoja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Bovine Milk ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Ultra High Temperature

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Indonesian Strain of Lactobacillus reuteri Probiotic Reduces the Initial Biofilm Colonization

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210602014010544 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 544-553

Author(s):

Armelia Sari Widyarman ◽

Triska Ramajayanti ◽

Citra Fragrantia Theodorea

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Microbial Biofilms ◽

Incubation Periods ◽

Negative Controls ◽

Initial Biofilm

Background: The benefits of probiotics for human health have long been proven. Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri, can produce a beneficial broad-spectrum antibacterial compound called reuterin by metabolizing glycerol. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the Indonesian strain of L. reuteri LC382415 on mono- and dual-species Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis biofilms in vitro. Methods: Streptococcus mutans and S. sanguinis were cultured in BHI broth. Lactobacillus reuteri LC382415 was inoculated on MRS agar. The different concentrations effect of L. reuteri (1×104, 1×106, and 1×108 CFU/mL) with and without glycerol supplementation on microbial biofilms were examined using a biofilm assay after incubation for 1,3,6, and 24-h. The biofilm mass optical density was measured with a microplate spectrophotometer at 490 nm. Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2%) was used as a positive control, and wells without treatment were used as negative controls. Results: A significant reduction in mono- and dual-species S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilm formation was observed after treatment with all concentrations of L.reuteri and after all incubation periods (p<0.05) with or without glycerol supplementation. The concentration of 1×104 CFU/mL after 3-h incubation was the most effective in inhibiting biofilm formation, with 87.8% S. mutans, 95.9% S. sanguinis, and 80.4% dual-species biofilm reduction compared to the negative control (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Indonesian strain of L. reuteri effectively reduces mono- and dual-species S.mutans and S. sanguinis biofilms. This suggests that it may be useful in preventing biofilm formation in oral cavities. Future studies on the mechanism of action of this active component are warranted.

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Topical Probiotics for Women’s Urogenital Health: Selection of an Oil-based Carrier

OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine ◽

10.21926/obm.icm.2104040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 06 (04) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Scarlett Puebla-Barragan ◽

◽

Britney Lamb ◽

Serenah Jafelice ◽

Gregor Reid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Petroleum Jelly ◽

Vaginal Microbiome ◽

Topical Product ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Probiotic Strains ◽

Selection Of

Vaginal care products are widely used by women to relieve discomfort such as pain, itching and malodour, all of which are commonly caused by conditions resulting from microbiota dysbiosis. Previous studies showed that probiotic strains Lacticaseibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) rhamnosus GR-1 (LGR-1) and Limosilactobacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) reuteri RC-14 (LRC-14), can aid in restoring homeostasis in the vaginal microbiome when taken orally. A topical product containing these strains could be of value for reducing malodour and improving quality of life. However, the formulation of such a product is a challenge, given that its ingredients must maintain shelf-life viability by excluding moisture. Here, we tested petroleum jelly, mineral oil, coconut oil, and olive oil for how well they maintained the viability of freeze-dried probiotic strains over a six-month timeframe. None of the oils caused excessive loss of bacterial viability, with petroleum jelly and coconut oil showing the most promise. Based on existing knowledge of these oils on the female genitalia, coconut oil and petroleum jelly could be suitable probiotic carriers for clinical testing.

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