scholarly journals Understanding non-compliance with WHO-multidrug therapy among leprosy patients in Assam, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 09-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Kar ◽  
Ranabir Pal ◽  
Dharamvir Ranajan Bharati
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Objectives: The study was undertaken to assess the adherence to World Health Organization (WHO)-multidrug therapy (MDT) and its successful completion by the leprosy patients and the extent of such defaulting, its correlates and reasons. Design: Retrograde cohort analysis was conducted during the fi rst quarter of 2007 from the cases registered for WHO-MDT treatment during 2002 to 2005 in Kamrup district of Assam, India. Results: A total of 254 leprosy cases refl ected the treatment seeking behavior of registered cases during the study period. Majority of the cases were from urban areas and defaulter rate higher in urban areas. The study group consisted of 60.63% males and 39.37% females. Both the compliance and default was higher in the age group of 16 to 30 years. Majority of defaulters (32.28%) had passed the high school leaving certifi cate examination had per capita monthly income between Rs 500 - 749 (30.71%) and belonged to social class IV (33.86%) and V (30.71%). Signifi cant statistical association was found between gender, literacy status, per capita income per month and socioeconomic status with treatment outcome. On analysis for the reasons of defaulting treatment; majority (33.07%) defaulted treatment due to loss of occupational hours when they come for receiving drugs at health center, 25.98% defaulted due to adverse reactions of drugs and 18.11% feared social stigma among major causes. Conclusions: The causes of defaulting treatment were related to gender, educational status, income as well as social class, or some combination of these. Recommendations, on strategic interventions to obviate the cause for noncompliance, were presented.

scholarly journals Assessment of physical impairments in leprosy patients: a comparison between the world health organization (who) disability grade and the Eye-Hand-Foot Score

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Túlio Raposo ◽  
Ana Virgínia de Queiroz Caminha ◽  
Jorg Heukelbach ◽  
Miguel Ángel Sánchez-González ◽  
Jovany Luis Alves de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The World ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Health Organization

This cross-sectional study assessed the grade of physical impairments in 61 individuals with leprosy receiving multidrug therapy (MDT) under the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), and residing in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. Impairments were assessed using the disability grade (DG) standardized by the WHO, and the EHF score (Eye-Hand-Foot sum of impairment scores). Impairments were detected in 25 (41%) of the subjects. A total of 14 (23%) patients scored DG 1, while 11 (18%) were assigned DG 2. The EHF score ranged from 1 to 10 points in the group of patients with physical impairments, with a mean score of 3.6 points. The majority of individuals with impairments were affected in at least two sites. We conclude that the EHF score showed overlapping impairments in the segments examined and may be more appropriate than the DG classification system for describing the degree of physical impairment of leprosy patients.

scholarly journals The influence of medical and geographical factors on the appearance and development of allergic rhinitis and eczema among school children in Belgrade

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Sanja Topalovic
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
School Children ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
International Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
City Core ◽  
Health Organization

Allergic rhinitis and eczema represent ailments which are increasingly linked with urban areas. Although they do not belong to illnesses which are predominantly caused by geographical factors, their importance for the development of these illnesses will be considered in this paper. As an example of the influence of urban environment on the development of these illnesses, the city core of Belgrade (the area included in the General Urban Plan) is taken into consideration. The emphasis is put especially on the quality of air, industry, traffic and the conditions for living. The research is based on tracking these illnesses among children, considering the frequent appearance of these illnesses especially among school children. The survey, whose results were partly presented in this research paper, was an important method for examining the subject matter of this paper. Namely, the above mentioned survey was realized in the International Study of Asthma and Allergy among children (ISAAC), which was conducted by World Health Organization (WHO), 156 centres from 56 countries took part. Among them, there were four centres from Serbia: Belgrade, Nis, Podgorica and Sombor.

Hanseníase: formas sociais da doença no Brasil e na Índia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Parente Costa
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Field Work ◽  
World Health ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

The research proposes a study of the social representations of leprosy, we seek three times to understand the sense of every society and their dynamics in relation to disease. The first in the city of Sobral/CE, where we carry out research in the years 2008 and 2009; the second moment in the city of Mogi das Cruzes/SP, with a man who has gone through several periods of hospitalization and overcame the stigma through work aimed at manufacture of prosthetic patients amputees; and the third time in New Delhi in India, where we find the largest number of leprosy patients. The places chosen for the field work were selected after repeated bibliographical research, readings of scholarly articles, medical texts and physicians about the disease and mainly with the data of the World Health Organization (WHO) and of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). We investigate the sociocultural reality of people afflicted by illness and how these could be with the disease.

scholarly journals Quality of antimalarials in Kinshasa peri-urban areas with regard to local pharmaceutical legislation and regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
Don Jethro Mavungu Landu ◽  
Michel Frédérich ◽  
Joseph Manzambi Kuwekita ◽  
Christian Bongo-Pasi Nswe ◽  
J K Mbinze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Health Commodities

Abstract Background In the context of old pharmaceutical legislation and regulations not adapted to current realities, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the existing pharmaceutical system in peri-urban areas of Kinshasa. Methods A prospective study was carried out during the period 2016–2018. The most used antimalarial medicines were identified through household and pharmaceutical establishment surveys. The samples of the obtained medicines were assayed with generic separation methods using the high-performance liquid chromatography technique coupled to a diode array detector. The registration status was checked for 126 antimalarial brand names. A characterization was carried out in 196 pharmaceutical establishments on the basis of standards set out by the Ministry of Health. Results Of the 75 samples assayed, 19% (14/75) were non-compliant. Of the 124 brand names, 46.0% (57/124) were unlicensed and 14.5% (18/124) had an expired licence. Of the 196 pharmaceutical establishments, only 2 (1.0%) had an authorization to practice, none met all the Ministry of Health minimum standards and 24.5% (48/196) met the World Health Organization Guidelines for the Storage of Essential Medicines and Other Health Commodities. Conclusions More resources should be mobilized to apply regulator sanctions.

scholarly journals Mental health in the Dominican Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Miguel R. Hernández ◽  
Tresha Ann Gibbs ◽  
Luisa Gautreaux-Subervi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pan American ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Organization

The Dominican Republic is located in the Caribbean Sea and comprises three-quarters of the island Hispaniola, which it shares with Haiti. According to the 2002 census, approximately 8.5 million people live in the Republic, with 64% residing in urban areas (Oficina Nacional Estadística, n.d.). During 1990 and 2000, the Dominican Republic was a leader in economic development for Latin America and the Caribbean; however, this was not reflected in the areas of human and social development (Pan American Health Organization & World Health Organization, 2007). Less than 1 % of the health budget administered by the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance (MISPAS) is allocated to mental health and the public system is generally underfunded (Pan American Health Organization & World Health Organization, 2008). However, there is an array of mental health services within the country when privately funded facilities are taken into account.

Alcohol-Related Mortality in the WHO European Region: Sex-Specific Trends and Predictions

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Pruckner ◽  
Barbara Hinterbuchinger ◽  
Matthäus Fellinger ◽  
Daniel König ◽  
Thomas Waldhoer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Per Capita Consumption ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Aims Alcohol is an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality, especially within the European region. Differences in per capita consumption and drinking patterns are possible reasons for regional differences and diverging trends in alcohol-related health outcomes. Methods Twenty-nine countries within the World Health Organization (WHO) European region were evaluated for trends and predictions in alcohol-related deaths within the last four decades using data available from the WHO Health for All database. Results Between 1979 and 2015, age-standardised death rates due to selected alcohol-related causes decreased significantly for both sexes in all assessed countries of the WHO European region, but regional differences are still pronounced. Assuming a similar trend in the future, the model predicted a further decrease until the year 2030. Conclusion Even though alcohol-related mortality may have decreased within the last decades, the detrimental effects of alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence remain a considerable burden of disease within Europe.

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