scholarly journals Secondary Metabolites Phytochemical Analysis of n-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Ethanol Extracts of Sarang Banua (Clerodendrum fragrans Vent Willd) Leaves

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murniaty Simorangkir ◽  
Bajoka Nainggolan ◽  
Saronom Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activities and Identification of Chemical Compound from Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb) Havil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laela Nur Anisah ◽  
Wasrin Syafii ◽  
Gustan Pari ◽  
Rita Kartika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Isopropyl Myristate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) is one of a pioneer indigenous fast growing species in Indonesia which have been used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The objectives were to determine the yield extract, to analyze their antidiabetic activity by inhibition assay for α-glucosidase enzyme activity and chemical analysis with GCMS. Extraction of leaves, bark and wood samples were done by using ethanol 95%. Fractionation the most active  ethanol extract was conducted by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The yield of ethanol extracts in leaves, bark and wood were 13.90%, 12.87%, and 2.18% respectively. Based on antidiabetic activity assay, the bark ethanol extract was the most active extract by the IC50 value of 5.86 μg mL-1. Phytochemical analysis on bark ethanol extracts showed that they contained flavonoid, quinon, triterpenoid, saponin and tannin which were assumed have high contribution in antidiabetic activities. The result of fractionation ethanol extract bark showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction (IC50 6.82 μg mL-1). GCMS analysis indicated the presence of dominant phenolic compounds such as pyrocatechol, antiarol, isopropyl myristate and phenol in which were suspected have antidiabetic activity. These results strongly suggested that ethyl acetate fraction of Samama bark was a potential natural source for antidiabetic agents.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF Turnera diffusa WILLD

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 402-411
Author(s):  
Maria Regina de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Maria Herbênia Lima Cruz Santos ◽  
Xirley Pereira Nunes ◽  
Emanuel Ernesto Fernandes Santos ◽  
Eugênio Bispo da Silva Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Turnera Diffusa ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Class

Turnera diffusa WILLD is a plant used in folk medicine as a natural stimulant, and the objective of this research is to perform the phytochemical analysis of the secondary metabolites of the damiana of occurrence in the Juazeiro region, northern Bahia - Brazil. A phytochemical screening was performed from three Crude Ethanol Extracts (BSE), EEB1: leaves and flowers; EEB2: stems and EEB3: root. A thin analytical layer chromatography was performed using specific developers to detect each chemical class. Alkaloids, coumarins, anthranic derivatives, phenolic compounds, mono, sequi and diterpenes, naphthoquinones, triterpenes and steroids, saponins, hydrolyzed tannins and xanthines were identified in the three extracts. Only in the BSE of leaves and flowers observed the presence of antroquinones and aglycones. The secondary metabolites identified in the study evidence the pharmacological potential of Turnera diffusa. Phytochemical screening concluded the presence of fourteen classes of secondary metabolites in damiana, indicating important medicinal potential with pharmacological effects reported in the literature.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF LEAF, STEM AND ROOT IN EUPHORBIA ROTHIANA SPRENG. (EUPHORBIACEAE), THE NILGIRIS WESTERN GHATS, TAMIL NADU

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
Anusuya Devi R ◽  
Veena B ◽  
Thenmozhi K
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
The Nilgiris ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Euphorbia rothiana Spreng. is an important medicinal plant. It used in hypertensive agent in traditional medicine.The present study deals with the analysis of Phytochemical constituents by qualitative analysis of leaves, stem and root were done using Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, triterpinoids, steroids, cardio glycosides and carbohydrates were analysed. Alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols were highly present various extracts of leaves stem and root. Cardio glycosides triterpinoids and carbohydrates were minimum present in the various extracts.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SOLVENTS ON THE PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND BIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF ORMOCARPUM COCHINCHINENSE AUCT. NON (LOUR.) MERRILL

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
A. Hannah Hepsibah ◽  
G. Jeya Jothi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Plants contain different classes of phytochemicals which have different levels of solubility in solvents, based on their polarity. Hence, this study aims to compare the effects of various solvents on the phytochemical profile and biological potential of <em>Ormocarpum cochinchinense</em>. The present study is the first to evaluate the antifungal activity of the plant.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sequential extraction was carried out using two sets of solvent systems namely hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and chloroform, acetone, methanol. The extracts were subjected to standard phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method against eight bacteria and six fungi and antioxidant activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Varied range of phytochemicals was found in the extracts. Acetone extract was rich in phenolic compounds, whereas terpenoids were extracted only in methanol. Acetone extracts showed highest antibacterial activity with a maximum zone of 14.5 mm against <em>Shigella flexineri</em> whereas ethyl acetate extract showed the best antifungal activity with the highest zone of inhibition of 12 mm against <em>Trichophyton menta agrophytes.</em> Hexane and chloroform extracts did not show any antimicrobial activity. For DPPH assay, the ethanol extracts showed the highest percentage inhibition of 92.87%. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present investigation on the plant <em>O. cochinchinense</em> has proved that the selection of solvent for extraction should be based on the target compounds and their bioactivity and concludes that acetone was the best for the extraction of antibacterial compounds and ethyl acetate for antifungal compounds whereas, ethanol was the best for extracting antioxidant compounds in <em>O. cochinchinense.</em></p>

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis of Ardisia silvestris leaf extracts and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Biet V. Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The phytochemical analysis and antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Ardisia silvestris extracts were carried out. The bioactive compounds of Ardisia silvestris leaves were extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water by immersion and microwave method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity of Ardisia silvestris extracts. The antibacterial properties of Ardisia silvestris tested against of Staphylococcu saureus, Samonella sp., and Escherichia coli were determined by using agar diffusion method. The agar diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial effects of both plant extracts on the test organisms. The results showed that Ardisia silvestris leaves contained compounds such as essential oils, fats, alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, anthocyanoids, carotenoids, organic acids, reducing agents, proanthocyanidins, saponins and anthraquinones. Ardisia silvestris leaves had a total polyphenol content of 0.26% dry matter, tannin of 8.8%, and a total flavonoid of 1.44 mg/g. The ethyl acetate extract and water extract of the leaves had the antioxidant activity and were 4.2 and 4.4 times lower than ascorbic acid, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of Ardisia silvestris had the highest oxidative activity. The zone of inhibition of the plant extract diameters at the concentration of 100 µl/ml ranged between 9.67mm and 20.67mm for ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts, respectively on E. coli. Similarly, the zones of inhibitionof ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts diameters were 14.67 and 15.33 mm, respectively on Samonella sp., however, it was not shown for Staphylococus aureus.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

scholarly journals Morphological and phytochemical analysis of leaves and stems of Tetrapterys multiglandulosa CAV.

2020 ◽  
pp. 959-964
Author(s):  
Gilberto Gonçalves Facco ◽  
Eloty Justina Schleder ◽  
Natalia Yoshioka de Vidis ◽  
Maristela Halverson ◽  
Rosemary Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Circular Section ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Columnar Cells

This study aimed to carry out morphoanatomical, histochemical and phytochemical analysis of leaves and stems of Tetrapterys multiglandulosa Cav. (Malpighiaceae), a native plant responsible for abortion and sudden death in beef cattle. Plant specimens underwent anatomical study, in which leaves and stems were dried and ground with aqueous and ethanol extracts subjected to histochemical and phytochemical analysis. Anatomical observation of vegetative organs detected the presence of simple columnar cells in the adaxial epidermis, palisade mesophyll, parenchyma with a layer of cells and paracitic type stomata. Stem cross-sections presented circular section, single layer (uniseriate) epidermis with thick cuticle and Malpighi’s trichomes, the phelogen was in differentiation. The cortex showed angular collenchyma, parenchyma with exogenous channels and druse shaped calcium oxalate crystals. Phytochemical tests of aqueous and ethanol extracts of leaves and stems indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and cardiotonic heterosides. Potentially phytotoxic secondary metabolites evidenced in the leaves and stems, including saponins and cardiotonic heterosides were correlated with clinical signs observed in intoxicated animals.

Phytochemical Analysis of Polyphenol Secondary Metabolites in Cloudberry (Rubus Chamaemorus L.) Leaves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Whaley ◽  
A. O. Ponkratova ◽  
A. A. Orlova ◽  
E. B. Serebryakov ◽  
S. N. Smirnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity ofTabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC. Fruits and branches

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIANA PIANA ◽  
ALINE A. BOLIGON ◽  
THIELE F. DE BRUM ◽  
MARINA ZADRA ◽  
BIANCA V. BELKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dpph Method

The antioxidant capacity of the crude extract and fractions ofTabernaemontana catharinensis fruits and branches, was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and condensed tannins were determined by the spectrophotometric method. The ethyl acetate fraction of the fruits and the n-butanol fraction of the branches showed IC50 of 181.82 µg/mL and 78.19 µg/mL, respectively. All fractions were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), in the branches were quantified chlorogenic acid in the chloroform (8.96 mg/g), ethyl acetate (4.31 mg/g) and n-butanol (3.33 mg/g) fractions; caffeic acid in the ethyl acetate (5.24 mg/g) and n-butanol (1.81 mg/g); gallic acid (0.52 mg/g) in the n-butanol. In the fruits, chlorogenic acid in the chloroform (1.67 mg/g); rutin in the ethyl acetate (3.45 mg/g) and n-butanol (8.98 mg/g) fractions. The present study showed that these quantified compounds can contribute to antioxidant capacity which was higher in the branches than in the fruits.

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