scholarly journals Biological Removal NOx from Simulated Flue gas in aerobic biofilter, by Jiang R., Huang S.B. and Yang J.

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nox Removal ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
O2 Concentration ◽  
Blank Experiment ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

A bench-scale biofiltration system was developed to evaluate the NOx removal efficiency under high oxygen concentration. The system had been running for 120 days and kept on a steady NOx removal rate above 80%. A stable NOx removal with an efficiency of more than 80% from the gas phase can be obtained by the bioreactor concept, when flue gas containing NO (400-600 ppmv) and a certain O2 concentration (0-20%). In the blank experiment, less than 35% NO was removed as oxygen increased. The tendency of the three curves about NO removal rate with various O2 concentrations was mainly similar but some differences in the highest and lowest removal rate happened in the definite O2 concentration range. Oxygen was shown to have a significant effect on NOx removal at the first two or three days when oxygen concentration increased sharply. The higher concentration NO influent gas contained, the longer time the microflora need to regain activities. Compared with humidifier, microbial regenerator which was incorporated in biofilter can improve aerobic denitrifying bacteria activity by applying alternating oxic–anoxic conditions in the presence of nitrate and nitrite. Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) were used to control the dose of carbon source.

Effect of Gamma and Alpha Irradiation on the Corrosion of the French Borosilicate Glass SON 68

2003 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdesselam Abdelouas ◽  
Karine Ferrand ◽  
Bernd Grambow ◽  
Thierry Mennecart ◽  
Massoud Fattahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Blank Experiment ◽  
Ph Decrease ◽  
Alpha Irradiation

ABSTRACTCorrosion experiments with the French borosilicate glass SON 68 were conducted under gamma (60Co source) and alpha (cyclotron) irradiation conditions. Static tests with glass powder were conducted at 90°C under saturation conditions with synthetic solutions rich in Si, B and Na. The initial pH was 9.8 and the SA/V was 3970 m−1. For gamma irradiation tests with the highest dose (∼ 58000 Gy) the pH decreased by almost a unit, which lasted for two weeks. The ion-exchange between glass and solution was enhanced as evidenced by the increase of the Li-normalized mass loss within 93 days. The measured H2O2 concentration in the experiment with the glass was as high as 1.51 10−5. The alpha irradiation tests with a total dose of 1800 Gy did not affect the solution pH and therefore the leaching rate of the glass remained similar to that in the blank experiment after 59 days. However, the measured H2O2 concentration was as high as 2.32 10−5. This work indicates that high irradiation doses may enhance the ion-exchange process due to the pH decrease.

An empirical law describing heterogeneity in the yields of agricultural crops

1938 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fairfield Smith
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Infinite Field ◽  
Empirical Law ◽  
Blank Experiment ◽  
P 16 ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Cost

Using data from a blank experiment with wheat it was found that the regression of the logarithms of the variances for plots of different areas on the logarithms of their areas was approximately linear. A graphical review of variances, etc., reported in the literature for thirty-nine other blank experiments indicates that the results of most such experiments conform to the same law.It is shown that the above law can be generalized (so as to be applicable to any size of field) by applying a certain adjustment to the regression coefficient b', so as to give a modified coefficient b applicable to an “infinite” field.From this generalized relationship there has been deduced an expression ((4), p. 16) to indicate average relative efficiencies to be expected for randomized block experiments with varying numbers of plots per block in a field for which the coefficient b is known.A formulae (5), which may be used to estimate the most efficient size of plot for any given experiment, has also been deduced. The cost of using plots of other than the most efficient size is indicated graphically in Fig. 7.

scholarly journals Development of Nitrogen-Containing Fertilizer Based on Pine Bark and Study of its Effectiveness in Wheat Growing in the Agricultural Zone of the Krasnoyarsk

2020 ◽  
pp. 578-592
Author(s):  
Mikhail Yu. Belash ◽  
Anatoly A. Sobolev ◽  
Evgenia V. Veprikova ◽  
Vasily N. Romanov ◽  
Natalia S. Kozulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Blank Experiment

A method for production a new fertilizer was proposed. This method is based on the impregnation of a substrate from pine bark with a water solution of ammonium nitrate, and containing 20.0 wt. % nitrogen. The physicochemical properties of a pine bark substrate and prepared fertilizers were studied. A field experiment was conducted on growing wheat of the variety “Krasnoyarskaya 12”. The yield of wheat when fertilized with pine bark was applied to the soil increased by 2.9 centners/ha compared to blank experiment without fertilizer. The use of this fertilizer results in an increase in the quality (higher nutritional value) of the grains in comparison blank experiments with ammonium nitrate and without fertilizer

scholarly journals A Comparative Performance Evaluation of Some Novel “Green” and Traditional Antiscalants in Calcium Sulfate Scaling

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Popov ◽  
Galina Rudakova ◽  
Vladimir Larchenko ◽  
Mariya Tusheva ◽  
Semen Kamagurov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid Sodium Salt ◽  
Blank Experiment ◽  
Efficiency Ranking ◽  
Industrial Samples

A relative ability of industrial samples of four phosphorus-free polymers (polyaspartate (PASP); polyepoxysuccinate (PESA); polyacrylic acid sodium salt (PAAS); copolymer of maleic and acrylic acid (MA-AA)) and of three phosphonates (aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid), ATMP; 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-bis(phosphonic acid), HEDP; phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, PBTC) to inhibit calcium sulfate precipitation is studied following the NACE Standard along with dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. For the 0.5 mg·dm−3dosage, the following efficiency ranking was found:MA-AA~ATMP>PESA (400–1500 Da)>PASP (1000–5000 Da)≫PAAS (3000–5000 Da)~PBTC~HEDP. The isolated crystals are identified as gypsum. SEM images for PESA, PASP, PAAS, and HEDP and for a blank sample indicated the needle-like crystal morphology. Surprisingly, the least effective reagent PBTC revealed quite a different behavior, changing the morphology of gypsum crystals to an irregular shape. The DLS experiments exhibited a formation of 300 to 700 nm diameter particles with negativeζ-potential around −2 mV for all reagents.Although suchζ-potential values are not capable of providing colloidal stability, all three phosphonates demonstrate significant gypsum particles stabilization relative to a blank experiment.

A new apparatus for the determination of carbon dioxide

1935 ◽  
Vol 24 (149) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Max H. Hey
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Blank Experiment ◽  
New Apparatus ◽  
Small Gain ◽  
Principal Objection ◽  
Blank Correction

As most analysts recognize, the method generally used for the determination of carbon dioxide present as carbonate, by decomposition with acid, absorption in soda-lime or soda-asbestos, and weighing as carbon dioxide, is open to several objections; and several suggestions have been made from time to time with the object of avoiding the use of absorption tubes, but none of these have come into general use, generally because of inconvenience in manipulation.The principal objection to the use of absorption tubes (apart from their general inconvenience and the numerous precautions their use entails) lies in the uncertainty of the blank correction; when a blank experiment is performed, under precisely the same conditions as the actual determination, a small gain in weight of the absorption tubes is almost invariably observed, but in a series of several blank experiments, this gain is frequently very variable, and by no means proportional to the volume of air drawn through the absorbers, unless many precautions are observed.

Modified Polymer Material Used for Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 1619-1622
Author(s):  
Ying Wei Luo ◽  
Chun Hu Li ◽  
Jian Peng Zhu ◽  
Li Juan Feng ◽  
Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Modified Polymer ◽  
Blank Experiment

The author chose three kinds of commercial resins for blank experiment and then added oxidants.We studied that how removal rate changed under different temperature and picked the D001-cc as the best supporter in desulfurization procedure. And heteropolyacid was supported onto D001-cc with different loadings,the results showed 10% was the optimal condition.

scholarly journals Lipid Production by Yeasts Growing on Commercial Xylose in Submerged Cultures with Process Water Being Partially Replaced by Olive Mill Wastewaters

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Xenopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Giannikakis ◽  
Afroditi Chatzifragkou ◽  
Apostolis Koutinas ◽  
Seraphim Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Production ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Cryptococcus Curvatus ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Batch Bioreactor ◽  
Dry Cell Weight ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewaters ◽  
Blank Experiment ◽  
Dry Cell ◽  
Olive Mill

Six yeast strains belonging to Rhodosporidium toruloides, Lipomyces starkeyi, Rhodotorula glutinis and Cryptococcus curvatus were shake-flask cultured on xylose (initial sugar—S0 = 70 ± 10 g/L) under nitrogen-limited conditions. C. curvatus ATCC 20509 and L. starkeyi DSM 70296 were further cultured in media where process waters were partially replaced by the phenol-containing olive mill wastewaters (OMWs). In flasks with S0 ≈ 100 g/L and OMWs added yielding to initial phenolic compounds concentration (PCC0) between 0.0 g/L (blank experiment) and 2.0 g/L, C. curvatus presented maximum total dry cell weight—TDCWmax ≈ 27 g/L, in all cases. The more the PCC0 increased, the fewer lipids were produced. In OMW-enriched media with PCC0 ≈ 1.2 g/L, TDCW = 20.9 g/L containing ≈ 40% w/w of lipids was recorded. In L. starkeyi cultures, when PCC0 ≈ 2.0 g/L, TDCW ≈ 25 g/L was synthesized, whereas lipids in TDCW = 24–28% w/w, similar to the experiments without OMWs, were recorded. Non-negligible dephenolization and species-dependent decolorization of the wastewater occurred. A batch-bioreactor trial by C. curvatus only with xylose (S0 ≈ 110 g/L) was performed and TDCW = 35.1 g/L (lipids in TDCW = 44.3% w/w) was produced. Yeast total lipids were composed of oleic and palmitic and to lesser extent linoleic and stearic acids. C. curvatus lipids were mainly composed of nonpolar fractions (i.e., triacylglycerols).

scholarly journals Influence of NH4Cl on Hydrothermal Formation ofα-CaSO4·0.5H2O Whiskers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyuan Chen ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Sichao Hou ◽  
Lan Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Induction Time ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Critical Supersaturation ◽  
Blank Experiment

The influence of NH4Cl on hydrothermal formation of CaSO4·0.5H2O whiskers from CaSO4·2H2O precursor at 135°C was investigated in this paper. Compared with the blank experiment, the presence of 3 × 10−2 mol·L−1NH4Cl led to the increase of the lengths of the whiskers from 50 to 160 μm to 150 to 300 μm and the decrease of the diameters from 1.0 to 1.5 μm to 0.2 to 0.5 μm. The dissolution of CaSO4·2H2O was accelerated by the complex interactions with NH4Cl and the soluble cations, which led to the decrease of the induction time for the occurrence ofα-CaSO4·0.5H2O from 46 minutes to 34 minutes and the formation of CaSO4·0.5H2O whiskers with high aspect ratios. Furthermore the critical supersaturation for the formation ofα-CaSO4·0.5H2O was investigated.

scholarly journals Plant characters of broccoli determinants of head production

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 963-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Daniela Brandelero ◽  
Betania Brum ◽  
Lindolfo Storck ◽  
Jessica Cardoso ◽  
Talita Slota Kutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Blank Experiment ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Growth Characters ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT: The increasing consumption of single-head broccoli is due to several factors, among them there are food production in minimally processing form and the existence of hybrids that adapt to various climates, in addition to the simple harvesting of this typical architecture.This study aimed to identify the most relevant plant characters of broccoli, represented by growth characters, which are determinant in the production and canopy area. The study was conducted in an experimental area in Pato Branco city, PR. The 11 characters were evaluated for 365 plants, spaced with 0.8x0.5m, on a blank experiment. The characters of group 1 (height, number of leaves, stem height, stem diameter) were evaluated on the 21 and 58 day after transplanting (DAT), and the leaf area was evaluated on the 17 and 32 DAT. The characters of group 2 were quantity of fresh head mass and canopy area. At the initial stage of cultivation, on the 17 and 21 DAT, variations in the plants characters did not lead toany variation in production. The higher number of leaves and the larger stem diameter on the 58 DAT determined the greater mass of the broccoli heads.

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