INFLUENCE OF DIETARY VOLATILE FATTY ACID MIXTURES ON PERFORMANCE AND ON FAT COMPOSITION OF GROWING PIGS

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. BOWLAND ◽  
B. A. YOUNG ◽  
L. P. MILLIGAN
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Bomb Calorimetry ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Gross Energy

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the acceptability, calculated digestible energy, influence on performance, and effect on fatty acid composition of backfat when a mixture of volatile fatty acids (VFA) or of a sodium salt of these fatty acids (Na VFA) was fed to pigs. The weight percent of the VFA mixture was 40 acetic, 40 propionic and 20 butyric acid. Adding 2 to 8% VFA or Na VFA to the diet, without adjustment for digestible energy or total protein, did not influence feed intake or rate of gain. Dietary levels of 10 or 12% VFA or Na VFA depressed daily gain. When 4% VFA or Na VFA was fed from an initial weight of 12 kg, feed intake was not altered in comparison with that of pigs fed a control diet. Rate of gain averaged 0.64 kg per day for pigs fed either VFA or Na VFA, compared with 0.60 kg for control pigs. The digestible energy values of the VFA and Na VFA, based on calculated energy conversion from 38 to 75 kg liveweight, were higher than the gross energy values of the compounds determined by oxygen bomb calorimetry, presumably because of a synergistic action of VFA with other energy sources in the diet. Carcass backfat thickness, area of loin and lean in the ham face were not significantly altered by feeding VFA or Na VFA. When pigs received up to 12% VFA or Na VFA, weight percent oleic acid in the outer backfat was increased (P < 0.05) from 49.9% in the control pigs to between 52.7 and 53.3 percent. There was no influence on backfat composition when 4% VFA or Na VFA was fed continuously.

Production of volatile fatty acids in the sheep caecum

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Digestible Energy

Acetic, propionic, and butyric acids labelled with 14C were infused into the caecum of continuously fed sheep. The specific activity of the volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the caecum was determined at intervals during the infusion. The production rate was calculated by isotope dilution from the results of those experiments in which steady state conditions were obtained. Substantial interconversions occurred between the fatty acid fractions. The total production of VFA was about 440 mmoles/day, equivalent to 125 kcal/day or 5.3% of the animal's digestible energy intake.

Rates of production of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. V. Evaluation of fodders in terms of volatile fatty acid produced in the rumen of the sheep

1967 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
FV Gray ◽  
RA Weller ◽  
AF Pilgrim ◽  
GB Jones
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Freely Moving

l(a). Volatile fatty acid (VFA) production (moles/12 hr) by two sheep fed at 2-hourly intervals on a constant ration containing equal parts of wheaten hay and lucerne hay, showed no significant difference between the sheep or between day-time and night-time values. The precision with which production could be measured over a series of 12-hr periods is given. The quantities of VFA produced in the rumen on successive days varied considerably; the extent of this variation was similar to that occurring in the quantities of faeces passed. (b) Production remained much the same whether the sheep were fed at intervals of 1, 2, or 12 hr. (c) The energy of the VFA produced in the rumen was equivalent to about 54% of the digestible energy of the diet. 2. Similar amounts of VFA were produced from two different mixtures of wheaten hay and lucerne hay, and from lucerne hay alone. 3. A modification in the procedure for measuring VFA production was tested and found to be satisfactory. The necessary apparatus could be readily carried on the back of a freely moving sheep.

Locally produced cottonseed meal for growing pigs

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (49) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Batterham ◽  
FS Shenstone
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Gross Energy

The nutritive value of locally produced cottonseed meal, incorporated at a level of 10 per cent in wheat based diets, was compared with meat and bone meal and soybean meal for growing pigs. The effect of adding synthetic lysine to the cottonseed meal diet was also observed. The diets were fed at restricted rates and pig performance was assessed over the 18 to 45 kg, 45 to 73 kg, and 18 to 73 kg growth phases. Cottonseed meal was of similar nutritive value to meat and bone meal and the addition of lysine increased growth and feed conversion during the 18 to 45 kg growth phase. Soybean meal produced similar gains to the cottonseed meal plus lysine diet during the 18 to 45 kg range, but greater gains than the other three diets over the 18 to 73 kg range. Carcase quality was similar for all four diets. With cottonseed meal there was an increase in the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in the backfat of the pigs due to cyclopropene fatty acids in the residual oil in the meal. The metabolizable energy values of the diets were approximately 96.7 per cent of the digestible energy values and there was a significant correlation between them (r = 0.94). The correlation between digestible energy values estimated by the methods (gross energy in the feed X dry matter digestibility) and (gross energy in feed - gross energy in faeces/dry matter intake) was significant (r = 0.92).

The effects of dietary microalgae (Schizochytrium spp.) and fish oil in layers on docosahexaenoic acid omega-3 enrichment of the eggs

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kaewsutas ◽  
A. Sarikaphuti ◽  
T. Nararatwanchai ◽  
P. Sittiprapaporn ◽  
P. Patchanee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Omega 6

SummaryNutritional manipulation of diets for layers can help to naturally modify the nutritional content of eggs. The objective of this study was to increase the concentration of the omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in the egg yolk by feeding a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids from microalgae compared to one containing fish oil to layers. A total of 480 layers (Babcock B308) aged 28 weeks old were divided into four treatment groups with four replicates per treatment. The layers were fed a control diet, a diet containing 4% crude salmon oil, or microalgae (Schizochytrium spp.) at 1% or 2% in the diet for eight weeks. Feed intake and egg production were recorded daily and egg quality tested every two weeks. There were no significant differences between the control and treatment groups as regards feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, albumin height, and Haugh unit of the eggs. The egg samples were obtained at the start of the trial, four weeks and eight weeks for the analysis of the fatty acid profile in the eggs. The DHA level in the eggs from layers fed even 1% or 2% algae was higher (P < 0.05) compared to the level from those fed with the control diet and 4% fish oil supplementation. The omega 6:3 ratio in eggs was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared to the control diet and the fish oil groups. Feeding 2% microalgae (Schizochytrium spp.) in hen diet resulted in an increase in the DHA level (above 100 mg/egg) and a decrease in the omega 6:3 ratio to the optimal level. The trial demonstrated that DHA concentration in eggs can be enriched through nutritional management of layers by using algae supplementation in order to provide more favourable fatty acids for consumers.

Effect of Diet and Location Within the Longissimus Dorsi Muscle on the Quality and Fat Composition of Pork Loins Collected from Market Hog

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
Amberly A Dennis ◽  
Dana S Reid ◽  
Dianna Wilson ◽  
Thu Dinh ◽  
Derris D Devost-Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In pigs, the longissimus muscle (LM) is an economically important tissue that largely dictates the quality grade assigned to the carcass. Still, this anatomically protracted muscle is not homogeneous in composition and these spatial differences across the LM can impact the overall predicted quality and quantity of pork produced. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of diet and location within the muscle on the quality and fatty acid composition of loins harvested from finishing pigs. A total of 80 pigs were subjected to 1 of 4 dietary treatments: lysine deficient diet (LysDef), vitamin A deficient diet (VitADef), lysine and vitamin A deficient diet (LysVitADef), and control diet (CON) formulated to meet NRC recommended requirements from weaning through finishing. The animals were then harvested to assess LM quality parameters including loin eye area, marbling score, and lean color. Samples from the proximal, medial, and distal portions of the LM were collected for fatty acid determination using gas chromatography and were expressed as a percentage of total fatty acids. Marbling score was greatest (P = 0.0024) in the proximal LM and was not impacted by treatment (P = 0.07). Treatment also had no effect (P = 0.14) on the percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA); however, the percentage of SFA decreased (P &lt; 0.001) from the proximal (40.9 ± 0.24) to distal (39.14 ± 0.24) portion. In contrast, the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased (P &lt; 0.001) from the proximal (15.96 ± 0.57) to distal (19.27 ± 0.57) portion. Despite the lack of diet-induced differences in marbling scores, the biological data generated from the current study are informative in terms of the spatial and compositional marbling deposition patterns in the LM of the growing pigs and warrant further investigation to identify the mechanisms responsible for this paradigm.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS TERNAK BABI FASE STARTER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Alfred Tamawiwy ◽  
M. Najoan ◽  
J S Mandey ◽  
F. N Sompie
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

ABSTRACT   EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) IN THE DIET ON PIG PERFORMANCE. Utilization of fats and oils in pig diets is of great importance due to their high energy value. VCO is obtained by cold press processing of the kernel from the coconut fruit. Utilization of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in the diets on pig performance.  The present study was designed to elaborate the effect of utilization of VCO in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs. The experiment was conducted using 20 castrated male pigs aged 1.5 - 2.0 months weighing 12,0±2,0 kg. The data were analyzed according to the linear model procedure for ANOVA appropriate for Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% control diet + 0% VCO; R1 = 99.5% control diet + 1.0% VCO; R2 = 98.0% control diet + 2.0% VCO; R3 = 97.0% control diet + 3.0% VCO; and R4 = 96.0% control diet + 4.0% VCO. Parameters measured were: daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption. The results showed that the utilization of VCO up to 4% in the diets had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption of pigs. It can be concluded that the addition of VCO up to 4.0% in the diets has no significant meaning on pig performance.   Key words: Virgin coconut oil (VCO), Performance, Growing pigs  

Effect of resistant starch on net portal-drained viscera flux of glucose, volatile fatty acids, urea, and ammonia in growing pigs.

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 2697 ◽  
Author(s):  
J van der Meulen ◽  
G C Bakker ◽  
J G Bakker ◽  
H de Visser ◽  
A W Jongbloed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Growing Pigs

scholarly journals Inclusion of rapeseed and pumpkin seed cakes in diets for Murciano-Granadina goats alters the fatty acid profile of milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270
Author(s):  
I.M. Boldea ◽  
C. Dragomir ◽  
M.A. Gras ◽  
M. Ropotă
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Lactating Goats

The objective of this research was to assess the effects of including oil-rich feedstuffs in diets for lactating goats on the fatty acid (FA) profile of their milk. Thirty-six Murciano-Granadina goats were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, namely a control diet (CTRL), a diet based on whole rapeseed (RS), and a diet based on pumpkin seed cake (PSC). The diets were composed of 1 kg hay (70 % Italian ryegrass, 30% alfalfa) and 1.24 kg concentrate, and were formulated to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Milk yield and its contents of protein, fat and lactose did not differ significantly among the groups. However, including oil-rich feeds in the diet altered the fatty acid profile of the milk significantly, decreasing its saturated fatty acid (SFA) content and increasing its content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Effects on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the n-6 to n-3 ratio depended on the source of dietary lipids. The PSC augmented diet increased the relative amount of PUFAs and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in milk (+25 %) significantly In comparison with CTRL, whereas the RS diet produced a limited and statistically insignificant increase (+7.5%). The concentration of CLA was higher in milk from does fed the PSC diet, whereas the n-6 to n-3 ratio was lower in milk from does fed RS. These preliminary results form the basis for developing premium dairy products that are enriched in fatty acids that are more favourable for human health.

Effect of Oral and Abomasal Administration of Volatile Fatty Acids on Voluntary Feed Intake of Growing Lambs

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Papas ◽  
E. E. Hatfield
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Voluntary Feed Intake
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