Rhizome sectioning and fertilization increase the productivity of cloudberry in natural peatlands

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bellemare ◽  
L. Rochefort ◽  
L. Lapointe
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus ◽  
Flower Density ◽  
Second Year

The effects of combining rhizome sectioning and in-depth mineral fertilization on cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) growth and production in a natural peat bog were determined over four growing seasons. Observed enhancements of growth and fruit production included: increases in the density of ramets and leaves from the second year; increased flower density from the third year; and increased fruit density from the fourth year. No effect on fruit size was observed. These results demonstrate that it is possible to stimulate growth and productivity of cloudberry by cultural treatments applied to natural mires.Key words: Wild berry, Rubus chamaemorus, fruit yield, rhizome sectioning, mineral fertilization, cloudberry

scholarly journals Gender differences in fruit production and selection of avocado and banana varieties: Case study at Wondo Genet and Wondo Woredas, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Tamirat G. Feyisa ◽  
Habtamu G. Megersa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Selection Of

This study was designed to assess differences in gender roles and preferences of female and male-headed fruit producers regarding the selection of avocado and banana varieties. Two woredas were selected purposively based on the availability of avocado and banana production trends in the woredas. Then, a model avocado and banana producing female and male-headed households were identified and about 34 households were selected randomly from both woredas. A structured questioner was used to collect primary information from the selected households. The collected data were analyzed by STATA 12 software. The obtained results indicated that the male household members exceedingly participated in land preparation (93%), seedling preparation (90%), transplanting (90%) and weeding (76%) whereas, female household members highly participated in fruit collection (72%), transporting fruits to the market (83%), selling the fruit (90%) and deciding on money obtained from fruit sale (83%). The increased participation of female household members indicated that the contribution of female-headed households on many farming activities. The major criteria considered in selection of avocado varieties were plant height (75%), fruit size (75%), fruit yield (84%), fruit test (97%) whereas, fruit yield (91%), fruit color (72%), fruit test (94%) and fruit smell (53%) were important criteria for banana varieties. There were no statistically significant differences (P0.05) in avocado and banana varieties selection criteria between female and male headed households. Therefore, breeders need not develop different avocado and banana varieties for female and male-headed producers. Gender based labor division in the study areas should be taken into consideration whenever technology is demonstrated and farmers' training is given on avocado and banana production technologies to ensure their effective implementation

scholarly journals Early selection of elite plants in Asparagus

Bragantia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
ENRIQUE LUIS COINTRY ◽  
FERNANDO SEBASTIÁN LÓPEZ ANIDO ◽  
ILEANA GATTI ◽  
VANINA PAMELA CRAVERO ◽  
INÉS TERESA FIRPO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
First Year ◽  
Population Total ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Efficient Selection ◽  
Selection Of

In order to establish an efficient selection criterion the variability in three asparagus populations was evaluated defining the most important yield components and analysing its evolution along three growing seasons. The yield components, coefficient of variation (CV) and the proportion of plants contributing to 80% of the total yield were estimated. The elite plants were selected by mean of total yield and clusters techniques. Multiple regression showed that spear number (SN) and spear weight (SW) were the most important yield components. In every population, total yield (TY) and SN showed the highest values of CV, independently of sex. 69% of the plants contributed to the 80% of the total yield in the first year while in the second and third year the contribution was 57%. At the end of the third year, 17 plants were selected by the average of the total yield and 43 by clusters. It is suggested to select for SW in the first year, reducing in 68% the experimental material. In the second year, the selection for SN would reduce to 5% the plants to evaluate for total yield in the third year. In this way the selected plants are the same but the number of plants to evaluate is dramatically reduced along the years, therefore facilitating the breeders work.

scholarly journals Response of Apple to Fertigation of N and K under Conditions Susceptible to the Development of K Deficiency

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Neilsen ◽  
D. Neilsen ◽  
L.C. Herbert ◽  
E.J. Hogue
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
K Concentration

A split-plot experimental design was imposed in the year of planting and maintained for the first five growing seasons in a high density apple orchard on M.9 rootstock planted at 1.5 m (within row) × 4 m (between row) in a loamy sand soil susceptible to K deficiency when drip-irrigated. Four N-K fertigation treatments involving low (N1) and high (N2) rates of N combined with 0 (K0) or 15 g K/tree per year (K1) were applied in five replicated and randomized main plot units. Subplots consisted of three-tree plots of each of the apple cultivars Gala, Fuji, Fiesta and Spartan. Soil solution monitoring indicated the maintenance of distinctly different soil solution N and K concentrations in the respective N-K treatments during the study. The most important plant response was prevention of the development of K deficiency by the K1-fertigation treatment. Fertigation of 15 g K/tree generally increased leaf K, fruit K and Mg concentrations, fruit size and yield and fruit titratable acidity and red coloration at harvest for all cultivars. K fertigation also decreased leaf Mg and B concentrations, fruit N, P and Ca concentration and fruit firmness. In addition to leaf K concentrations <1%, K deficiency was associated with fruit K concentrations <100 mg/100 g fresh weight and soil solution K concentration <5 mg·L-1. Increasing the rate of fertigated N when growth was constrained by K deficiency increased leaf N and Mn and decreased leaf P and B, but had no effect on tree vigor or fruit production and quality.

scholarly journals How plant allometry influences bud phenology and fruit yield in two Vaccinium species

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pier Fournier ◽  
Maxime C Paré ◽  
Valentina Buttò ◽  
Sylvain Delagrange ◽  
Jean Lafond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Flower Phenology

Abstract Background and Aims Understanding how plant allometry, plant architecture and phenology contribute to fruit production can identify those plant traits that maximize fruit yield. In this study, we compared these variables and fruit yield for two shrub species, Vaccinium angustifolium and Vaccinium myrtilloides, to test the hypothesis that phenology is linked to the plants’ allometric traits, which are predictors of fruit production. Methods We measured leaf and flower phenology and the above-ground biomass of both Vaccinium species in a commercial wild lowbush blueberry field (Quebec, Canada) over a 2-year crop cycle; 1 year of pruning followed by 1 year of harvest. Leaf and flower phenology were measured, and the allometric traits of shoots and buds were monitored over the crop cycle. We hand-collected the fruits of each plant to determine fruit attributes and biomass. Key Results During the harvesting year, the leafing and flowering of V. angustifolium occurred earlier than that of V. myrtilloides. This difference was related to the allometric characteristics of the buds due to differences in carbon partitioning by the plants during the pruning year. Through structural equation modelling, we identified that the earlier leafing in V. angustifolium was related to a lower leaf bud number, while earlier flowering was linked to a lower number of flowers per bud. Despite differences in reproductive allometric traits, vegetative biomass still determined reproductive biomass in a log–log scale model. Conclusions Growing buds are competing sinks for non-structural carbohydrates. Their differences in both number and characteristics (e.g. number of flowers per bud) influence levels of fruit production and explain some of the phenological differences observed between the two Vaccinium species. For similar above-ground biomass, both Vaccinium species had similar reproductive outputs in terms of fruit biomass, despite differences in reproductive traits such as fruit size and number.

After initial invigoration by heading, young pear trees show reduction in axis vigour and increased propensity to flower

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla N. Seleznyova ◽  
Geegana A. Dayatilake ◽  
Amy E. Watson ◽  
D. Stuart Tustin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
First Year ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Primary Axis ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Second Year

Fast establishment of the canopy in young trees, followed by reduced vegetative vigour and precocity are desirable traits in fruit production. Severe heading (cutting back the primary axis of the tree after the first year of growth) to induce branching is a nursery practice to increase early fruit yield. Our aim was to provide a systematic study of the responses of young pear trees to severe heading. We used an experimental system with two scion genotypes and three rootstocks to create trees with contrasting branching habits and vigour. The trees’ trunks were headed and a single bud was allowed to outgrow in the following season. Architectural analysis was used to quantify the development of regenerated trees. In the first year after heading, the growth of the primary axes and, depending on the scion genotype, the sylleptic branching of regenerating trees, were invigorated. In the second year, the percentage of budbreak was also increased, but the shoot growth was greatly reduced. Axis propensity to flower in spring of the third year of growth was increased. The new insights into the effects of heading on tree aging and flowering will be used for guiding the best approaches to managing young pear trees.

scholarly journals Shade Tree Growth and Nutritional Status as Influenced by Fabric Container and Trickle Fertigation

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Calvin Chong ◽  
Glen P. Lumis ◽  
Robert A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Shade Trees ◽  
Shade Tree ◽  
Leaf Nutrients ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Second Year

Abstract Five species of landscape shade trees, when grown in fabric containers, showed small but significant reductions in caliper and height compared to field-grown control trees after each of 3 growing seasons, 1988–1990. Reductions also were observed in certain leaf nutrients: N and Ca after the second year, and P and K after the third year. There were increased levels of leaf Mn (1989), Zn (1990), and starch (1989). Trees of all species receiving 5.7 L (1.5 U.S. gal) of water per day plus 200 ppm of supplementary N applied twice weekly had consistently larger caliper after each of the 3 growing seasons and tended to have higher leaf Mn content after the second year. There was inconsistent, little, or no difference in height, or in other leaf nutrients, due to fertigation treatments or to irrigation alone.

scholarly journals The Use of Leaf Removal and Prohexadione-Ca to Modify `Camarosa' Strawberry Nursery Plant Morphology for Plasticulture Fruit Production

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 820B-820
Author(s):  
Julia Reekie* ◽  
Peter Hicklenton ◽  
John Duval ◽  
Craig Chandler ◽  
Paul Struik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Nursery Plant ◽  
Nursery Field ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Our previous work on modifying strawberry plant morphology used either mowing to remove the leaf laminas and part of the petioles on `Camarosa', or a new reduced-risk gibberellin synthesis inhibitor, Prohexadione-Ca (ProCa), to restrict cell elongation in `Sweet Charlie'. These early studies showed promising results in acheiving desirable plant size and increasing fruit yield in annual hill plasticulture. Therefore, in the growing seasons of 2001 and 2002, we used `Camarosa' to explore the possibility of combining mowing and ProCa as a means of modifying strawberry transplant morphology in the nurseries, and studied its effect on fruit production in annual hill plasticulture. Plants were mowed and treated with 62.5 μL·L-1 of ProCa in a nursery field in Nova Scotia (45°26'N, 63°27'W). Treatments consisted of either mowing, the application of ProCa, or a combination of mowing and ProCa on one of two dates, 5 or 19 Sept. ProCa application early in the growing season had increased the production of daughter plants in the nursery. All plants were harvested in early October, and immediately transplanted in Dover, Fla. (28°00'N, 82°22'W). Fruits were collected twice weekly from late November to February or March. At time of harvest, both mowing and ProCa reduced plant height and total leaf area; plants which were treated with ProCa and mowed were the shortest. On average, treated plants had higher fruit yield as compared to untreated plants. In 2001, early fruit production in December was increased significantly in treated plants.

scholarly journals Off-season Production of Primocane-fruiting Red Raspberry Using Summer Pruning and Polyethylene Tunnels

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro B. Oliveira ◽  
Cristina M. Oliveira ◽  
Luís Lopes-da-Fonseca ◽  
António A. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fruit Harvest

The spring shoots of `Autumn Bliss' red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. var. idaeus; primocane-fruiting type) were cut on 2, 16, 31 July and 15 and 30 Aug. with the objective of delaying fruit harvest into the off-season under mild winter climatic conditions. Cutting shoots in August delayed fruit harvest until February and April of the following year, but shoot growth was weak and fruit yield low (4.8 and 2.1 g/cane). July cuttings delayed harvest until October to January with acceptable fruit yield (63.5, 52.8, and 26.5 g/cane for 2, 16, and 31 July, respectively). The differences in cane height and total node and fruiting node count between the three cutting dates of July were small, but there was a constant decrease in leaf area per cane from the first to the third date and a sharp decrease in fruit yield from the second to the third date. Vegetative shoot growth was less affected than yield when summer cutting was delayed until the end of July to induce a later harvest. Fruit quality always reached acceptable standards. This study confirms the practicability of using summer-cutting of primocane-fruiting red raspberries to induce off-season fruit production under protected cultivation in mild winter climates.

scholarly journals Fruit production from Opuntia ficus-indica ecotypes in comparison to commercial Italian clones 

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Carlos Manuel Gaspar Reis Reis ◽  
Maria Margarida Ribeiro ◽  
Luiz Carlos Gazarini Gazarini
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
The Third ◽  
Elementary Chemical ◽  
Marginal Soil

Fruit production, as an elementary chemical characteristic of the fruit, was evaluated in 16 Opuntia ficus-indica Portuguese ecotypes cultivated in a marginal soil without tillage, in the second and third years after plantation. The  O. ficus-indica ecotypes were compared with the Italian cultivars ‘Bianca’ and ‘Gialla’. Significant differences were found among the O. ficus-indica ecotypes in biomass-related parameters and fruit yield, and different groups were established. Two spineless ecotypes (OFI-12 and OFI-13) had highest biomass production, with 9.9 Mg/ha dry matter on average. This was not significantly different from the ‘Gialla’ cultivar, which averaged 11.9 Mg/ha, for a density of 2,667 plants/ha,in the third year after plantation. Among Portuguese ecotypes, the fruit yields ranged from 2.4 to 10.1 Mg/ha fresh weight. The cultivars ‘Gialla’ and ‘Bianca’ had the highest fruit yield (13.8 and 13.6 Mg/ha fresh weight, respectively). The ‘Gialla’ cultivar and the group of ecotypes with orange pulp produced fruits of larger size and weight compared to the ‘Bianca’ cultivar and the group of ecotypes with white pulp.

scholarly journals Vegetative Growth and Fruit Yield of Three Types of Micropropagated `Redwing' Red Raspberry Nursery Stock

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-361
Author(s):  
Chad Finn ◽  
Michele Warmund ◽  
Chris Starbuck
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Dormant Stage ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Second Year

The vegetative growth and fruit yield of three types of micropropagated `Redwing' red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. var. idaeus) nursery stock were compared. The three types of nursery material included: 1) stage IV (S-IV) actively growing plants; 2) dormant-stage IV (DS-IV) plants; and 3) nursery-matured (NM) S-IV plants, grown for 8 to 12 weeks in the field before harvest for cold storage. On 1 Apr. 1991, primocane-fruiting `Redwing' plants of each type were planted 0.6 m apart in ridged, drip-irrigated, and straw-mulched rows spaced 3 m apart in six, three-plant replications. In the establishment year, a small, but commercially viable, crop was harvested from 16 Aug. 1991 to 28 Oct. 1991. The S-IV and NM plants produced greater yields than DS-IV plants in the establishment year. However, by the end of the second year, the S-IV plants had the greatest fruit yield, followed by NM, with the DS-IV plants continuing to have the lowest yield. Fruit size of the S-IV plants was largest in both years. While there were differences in dry weight during the planting year, by the experiment's conclusion, the dry weights were similar among all nursery types. When planting `Redwing', the less-expensive, easier-to-handle, and higher-yielding S-IV plants would be recommended over the other nursery types.

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