CORRELATION BETWEEN EVAPORATION FROM BELLANI PLATES AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM ORCHARDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Korven ◽  
J. C. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Station ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Practical Field

The balance sheet method, keeping an account of evapotranspiration (estimated from evaporation as measured by Bellani plates) and rainfall, was used for scheduling irrigations on a practical field basis on five orchards in Summerland, B.C. Four of the orchards were on the Research Station and the other on a nearby grower’s orchard. Undertree sprinkler irrigation with 12-hour sets, the common method in the Okanagan Valley, was used. Soil moisture deficits were measured by the gravimetric method and estimated from the balance sheet records. Highly significant positive correlations were obtained between the measured and the estimated deficits. The standard error of regression was high, about 20% of the mean. In spite of this, the balance sheet method proved to be quite satisfactory for use in practical scheduling of irrigation in orchards.

scholarly journals Analysis of variance of partial diallel tables

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Marcelo Soriano Viana ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Antonio Américo Cardoso ◽  
Adair José Regazzi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Dominance Testing ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Partial Diallel

The theory of variance analysis of partial diallel tables, following Hayman's proposal of 1954, is presented. As several statistical tests yield similar inferences, the present analysis mainly proposes to assess genetic variability in two groups of parents and to study specific, varietal and mean heteroses. Testing the nullity of specific heteroses equals testing absence of dominance. Testing equality of varietal heteroses of the parents of a group is equivalent to testing the hypothesis that in the other group allelic genes have the same frequency. Rejection of the hypothesis that the mean heterosis is null indicates dominance. The information obtained complements that provided by diallel analysis involving parents and their F1 hybrids or F2 generations. An example with the common bean is included.

scholarly journals A Multilayer Soil Moisture Dataset Based on the Gravimetric Method in China and Its Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1721-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aihui Wang ◽  
Xueli Shi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract Based on the gravimetric-technique-measured soil relative wetness and the observed soil characteristic parameters from 1992 to 2013 in China, this study derives a user-convenient monthly volumetric soil moisture (SM) dataset from 732 stations for five soil layers (10, 20, 50, 70, and 100 cm). The temporal–spatial variations in SM and its relationship with precipitation (Pr) in different subregions are then explored. The magnitude of SM is relatively large in south China and is low in northwest China, and it generally increases with soil depth in each region. The maximum SM appears in spring and/or autumn and the minimum in summer, and the SM seasonality does not vary as distinctly as that of Pr. For the top three soil layers (10-, 20-, and 50-cm levels), the linear trend analysis indicates an overall increasing SM tendency, and the mean trends (averaged across stations with trends passing a 95% significance level test) are 9.35 × 10−7, 7.37 × 10−3, and 2.45 × 10−3 cm3 cm−3 yr−1, respectively. SM memory depends on the soil depth and regions, and it has longer retention time in the deeper layers. Furthermore, the correlation between SM and antecedent Pr varies with soil depth and lag time. The antecedent Pr anomaly (1 or 2 months in advance) can be used to some extent as a surrogate SM anomaly in most regions except for in arid regions. This result is further demonstrated by the relationships between the SM anomaly and the standardized precipitation index. The current SM dataset can be used in various applications, such as validating satellite-retrieved products and model outputs.

scholarly journals The effect of radiation from the surroundings on subjective impressions of freshness

1949 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Munro ◽  
F. A. Chrenko
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Mean Radiant Temperature ◽  
Equivalent Temperature ◽  
Building Research ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Radiant Temperature

The effects of radiation from the surroundings on the impressions of freshness of 106 men and 39 women members of the staff of the Building Research Station were investigated during the first 6 months of 1948. Subjects were exposed to three types of environment: (1) where the walls were cooler than the air, (2) where the walls and air were at the same temperature, and (3) where the walls were warmer than the air. The tests were carried out in calm air.It was found that the difference between the mean radiant temperature and the air temperature affected freshness impressions, but the effect was relatively slight. Environments which felt cool tended to feel fresh, yet a rise in the mean radiant temperature—which would increase the warmth of the environment—tended to produce an impression of greater freshness. At a given equivalent temperature, environments with the surroundings warmer than the air were found to be definitely fresher than cold- and neutral-wall environments. This was thought to be mainly due to the fact that the humidity of the air in the warm-wall environment was lower than that in the other two environments. Changes in humidity insufficient to affect sensations of warmth affect impressions of freshness. Under the conditions of these experiments, and to keep freshness impressions constant, a rise of 1° F. in the temperature of calm air must be compensated by a fall of about 5% in the relative humidity.The subjects had a distinct preference for the warm-wall environment; 73% of them found it pleasanter than either the cold- or the neutral-wall environment.Freshness impressions are considered to be related to transient fluctuations in the rate of heat loss from the head.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF EGGS AND EMBRYOS BETWEEN SIDES IN THE MOUSE

1963 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE McLAREN
Keyword(s):  
Normal Level ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Unexpected Consequence ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Right

SUMMARY The variance of the distribution of eggs and embryos between left and right sides was analysed in mice. Little or no departure from the variance of a binomial distribution was detected for eggs, whether ovulation was spontaneous or induced, and whether the mean number of eggs shed was within normal limits or was raised well above the normal level. As pregnancy advanced, the distribution of embryos between sides became slightly more equal than the binomial, as a result of pre- and post-implantational mortality. In pigs, the tendency towards equalization was much stronger owing to migration of embryos between the two uterine horns. The right side tended to be reproductively superior to the left in mice, in respect both of ovulation rate and survival of embryos. The correlation between left and right sides was negative after spontaneous ovulation, and after induced ovulation with a dose of hormone such that ovulation rate remained within normal limits. If, on the other hand, ovulation rate was raised above the normal level, a positive correlation between sides was found. These correlations arose not from any departures from binomiality in the distribution between sides, but from the level of variation between females in the total number of eggs or embryos. The condition for no correlation between sides is that the variance of total number should be equal to the mean. Positive correlations arise from inflation of this variance, a not unexpected consequence of increasing the mean ovulation rate above its physiological norm. Negative correlations imply that the variation between females is less than the variation between the two ovaries of a single female. In other words, the limit to the number of eggs shed operates on the female as a whole, and not on each ovary independently. The physiological implications of this finding are discussed.

scholarly journals SOIL WATER MOVEMENT MODELLING IN HAPLLICC LUVISOLS (HMM) AND ALBI HAPLLIC LUVISOLS (HML) UNDER SLOVAK CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Tóthová ◽  
Dušan Igaz ◽  
Jaroslav Antal
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Global Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Water Movement

The aim of the research paper is simulation by the Global Model on the basis of investigation of Slovak Agricultural University (SAU) on two localities (Kolínany and Malanta). The soil moisture was measured by a time domain transmissometry instrument and compared with simulated outputs of the Global Model on Kolínany locality. Measurement of the soil moisture using the gravimetric method was applied on Malanta locality. Sugar beet was grown in Kolínany and, on the other hand, there was no plant on Malanta soil during the experiment. The experiment took three years (2002–2004). Measured and simulated courses of water content were consequently tested by correlation analysis in MS Excel. Result differences between simulated and measured values should reach according to 15 % difference at least 80 % of equality. Correlation between measured and simulated values had a high significance on Kolínany locality (in the range of 0,62–0,90) Equality between measured and simulated values was from 33 % to 75 % according to difference of 15 %.

Multi-Center Study of Thromboplastin Calibration Precision – Influence of Reagent Species, Composition, and International Sensitivity Index (ISI)

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (01) ◽  
pp. 035-040 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M H P van den Besselaar ◽  
R M Bertina
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
International Sensitivity Index

SummaryFour thromboplastin reagents were tested by 18 laboratories in Europe, North-America, and Australasia, according to a detailed protocol. One thromboplastin was the International Reference Preparation for ox brain thromboplastin combined with adsorbed bovine plasma (coded OBT/79), and the second was a certified reference material for rabbit brain thromboplastin, plain (coded CRM 149R). The other two thromboplastin reagents were another rabbit plain brain thromboplastin (RP) with a lower ISI than CRM 149R and a rabbit brain thromboplastin combined with adsorbed bovine plasma (RC). Calibration of the latter two reagents was performed according to methods recommended by the World Health Organization (W. H. O.).The purpose of this study was to answer the following questions: 1) Is the calibration of the RC reagent more precise against the bovine/combined (OBT/79) than against the rabbit/plain reagent (CRM 149R)? 2) Is the precision of calibration influenced by the magnitude of the International Sensitivity Index (ISI)?The lowest inter-laboratory variation of ISI was observed in the calibration of the rabbit/plain reagent (RP) against the other rabbit/plain reagent (CRM 149R) (CV 1.6%). The highest interlaboratory variation was obtained in the calibration of rabbit/plain (RP) against bovine/combined (OBT/79) (CV 5.1%). In the calibration of the rabbit/combined (RC) reagent, there was no difference in precision between OBT/79 (CV 4.3%) and CRM 149R (CV 4.2%). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the precision of the ISI of RC obtained with CRM 149R (ISI = 1.343) and the rabbit/plain (RP) reagent with ISI = 1.14. In conclusion, the calibration of RC could be performed with similar precision with either OBT/79 or CRM 149R, or RP.The mean ISI values calculated with OBT/79 and CRM 149R were practically identical, indicating that there is no bias in the ISI of these reference preparations and that these reference preparations have been stable since their original calibration studies in 1979 and 1987, respectively.International Normalized Ratio (INR) equivalents were calculated for a lyophilized control plasma derived from patients treated with oral anticoagulants. There were small but significant differences in the mean INR equivalents between the bovine and rabbit thromboplastins. There were no differences in the interlaboratory variation of the INR equivalents, when the four thromboplastins were compared.

Prothrombin Time Standardization: Report of the Expert Panel on Oral Anticoagulant Control

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1073-1114 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Calibration Constant ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Point Of Intersection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Standardization Report

SummaryIn collaborative experiments in 199 laboratories, nine commercial thromboplastins, four thromboplastins held by the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBS & C), London and the British Comparative Thromboplastin were tested on fresh normal and coumarin plasmas, and on three series of freeze-dried plasmas. One of these was made from coumarin plasmas and the other two were prepared from normal plasmas; in each series, one plasma was normal and the other two represented different degrees of coumarin defect.Each thromboplastin was calibrated against NIBS&C rabbit brain 70/178, from the slope of the line joining the origin to the point of intersection of the mean ratios of coumarin/normal prothrombin times when the ratios obtained with the two thromboplastins on the same fresh plasmas were plotted against each other. From previous evidence, the slopes were calculated which would have been obtained against the NIBS&C “research standard” thromboplastin 67/40, and termed the “calibration constant” of each thromboplastin. Values obtained from the freeze-dried coumarin plasmas gave generally similar results to those from fresh plasmas for all thromboplastins, whereas values from the artificial plasmas agreed with those from fresh plasmas only when similar thromboplastins were being compared.Taking into account the slopes of the calibration lines and the variation between laboratories, precision in obtaining a patient’s prothrombin time was similar for all thromboplastins.

Platelet Suruival and Function in Rats with Enhanced Thrombotic Tendency

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Delaini ◽  
Elisabetta Dejana ◽  
Ine Reyers ◽  
Elisa Vicenzi ◽  
Germana De Bellis Vitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Function ◽  
Thrombotic Tendency

SummaryWe have investigated the relevance of some laboratory tests of platelet function in predicting conditions of thrombotic tendency. For this purpose, we studied platelet survival, platelet aggregation in response to different stimuli, TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα production in serum of rats bearing a nephrotic syndrome induced by adriamycin. These animals show a heavy predisposition to the development of both arterial and venous thrombosis. The mean survival time was normal in nephrotic rats in comparison to controls. As to aggregation tests, a lower aggregating response was found in ADR-treated rats using ADP or collagen as stimulating agents. With arachidonic acid (AA) we observed similar aggregating responses at lower A A concentrations, whereas at higher AA concentrations a significantly lower response was found in nephrotic rats, despite their higher TxB2 production. Also TxB2 and 6-keto-PGFlα levels in serum of nephrotic rats were significantly higher than in controls. No consistent differences were found in PGI2-activity generated by vessels of control or nephrotic rats.These data show that platelet function may appear normal or even impaired in rats with a markedly increased thrombotic tendency. On the other hand, the significance of high TxB2 levels in connection with mechanisms leading to thrombus formation remains a controversial issue.

Voronoi Analysis of a Soccer Game

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Random System ◽  
Soccer Game ◽  
Voronoi Polygons ◽  
The Mean

This paper describes a Voronoi analysis method to analyze a soccer game. It is important for us to know the quantitative assessment of contribution done by a player or a team in the game as an individual or collective behavior. The mean numbers of vertices are reported to be 5–6, which is a little less than those of a perfect random system. Voronoi polygons areas can be used in evaluating the dominance of a team over the other. By introducing an excess Voronoi area, we can draw some fruitful results to appraise a player or a team rather quantitatively.

O ENSINO RELIGIOSO EM QUESTÃO

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Mauro Rocha Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Common Core ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Common

Neste artigo analisamos a relação do Ensino Religioso com a sua evolução ao longo do contexto recente do Brasil para compreender a posição do Supremo Tribunal Federal ao considerar a possibilidade do Ensino Religioso confessional. Inicialmente apresentaremos a perspectiva legislativa criada com a constituição de 1988 e seus desdobramentos nas indicações curriculares. Neste contexto é frisado a intenção de incluir o Ensino Religioso na Base Nacional Curricular Comum, o que acabou não acontecendo. A tendência manifesta nas duas primeiras versões da BNCC era de um Ensino Religioso não-confessional. Uma tendência que demarcava a função do Ensino Religioso em debater a religião, mas que não permitia o direcionamento por uma vertente religioso qualquer. Esta posição se mostrava uma evolução da primeira perspectiva histórica mais associada à catequese confessional. Assim como também ultrapassava a interpretação posterior de um ecumenismo interconfessional, que mantinha a superioridade do cristianismo ante as demais religiões. Sendo assim, neste artigo, adotaremos o argumento de que a decisão do STF, de seis votos contra cinco, acaba retrocedendo ante o que nos parecia um caminho muito mais frutífero.Palavras-chave: Ensino Religioso. Supremo Tribunal Federal. Confessional. Interconfessional. Não-confessional.Abstract: On this article, we analyze the relation between Religious education and its evolution along the currently Brazilian context in order to understand the position of the Supreme Court in considering the possibility of a confessional Religious education. Firstly, we are going to present the legislative perspective created with the 1988 Federal Constitution and its impacts in the curricular lines. On this context it was highlighted the intention to include the Religious Education on the Common Core National Curriculum (CCNC), which did not really happened. The tendency manifested in the first two versions of the CCNC was of a non-confessional Religious Education. A tendency that delineated the function of the Religious Education as debating religion, but not giving direction on any religious side. This position was an evolution of the first historical perspective more associated to the confessional catechesis. It also went beyond the former interpretation of an inter-confessional ecumenism, which kept the superiority of the Christianity over the other religions. As such, in this paper we adopt the argument that the decision of the Supreme Court, of six votes against five, is a reversal of what seemed to be a much more productive path on the Religious Education.Keywords: Religious Education. Brazilian Supreme Court. Confessional. Inter-confessional. Non- confessional.Enviado: 23-01-2018 - Aprovado e publicado: 12-2018

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