EFFET DU DRAINAGE SOUTERRAIN SUR QUELQUES PROPRIETES DE SOLS ARGILEUX DU QUEBEC

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. DE KIMPE ◽  
M. R. LAVERDIÈRE
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Internal Drainage ◽  
Sols Argileux ◽  
Aeration Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Extractable Iron ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Four series of agricultural soils of Quebec were sampled in the Lowlands on drained and undrained sites in order to investigate the effect of long-term internal drainage on the physical and chemical properties of the profiles. Change in structure was observed in the Ste-Rosalie soils. A massive layer found below 18 cm in the undrained profile was replaced by a more structured layer at greater depth in the drained profiles. Occurrence of mottles down to the Cg horizon reflected the better aeration conditions in the drained sites. Saturated hydraulic conductivity values were sometimes higher and sometimes lower than those measured in the undrained profiles. Below the plow layer, the two profiles drained for more than 50 yr had a cation exchange capacity 12–15% higher than the undrained profiles. Oxalate-extractable iron represented a high percentage of the dithionite-extractable iron and indicated a low rate of formation of crystalline pedogenic oxides. Mn accumulations were found in the more compact layers. The improvement of internal drainage requires a soil management that will enhance soil structure.

Sugarcane Biochar for Agricultural Use Produced in Different Conditions of Pyrolysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Juliany Barbosa de Pinho ◽  
Aloisio Bianchini ◽  
Pedro Silvério Xavier Pereira ◽  
Letycia Cunha Nunes ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandes Daros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxidizing Atmosphere ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

From the pyrolysis process, biochar is a carbon rich and recalcitrant organic material with potential for long term carbon sequestration because of its aromatic structure. However, the physical and chemical properties of the biochar vary due to the diversity of raw material and the conditions of production. The present study aimed to evaluate the biochar from the sugarcane bagasse at different temperatures and under two conditions of pyrolysis. The biochar was produced at two final temperatures 200°C (1 hour); 250°C (1h) and 250°C (2h), with pyrolysis of an oxidizing and non-oxidizing atmosphere for both. PH, cation exchange capacity (CTC), carbon content (C), Nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), H:C, C:N and ash ratios were evaluated. The contents of C, H, N and the atomic ratios H:C and C:N were higher in Biochar produced in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (BNO). However, the content of ash, pH and CTC were higher in Biochar produced in oxidizing atmospheres (BO). One can conclude the direct influence of the pyrolysis condition.

scholarly journals Identifying Potential Leakage Zones in an Irrigation Supply Channel by Mapping Soil Properties Using Electromagnetic Induction, Inversion Modelling and a Support Vector Machine

Soil Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ehsan Zare ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Tibet Khongnawang ◽  
Mohammad Farzamian ◽  
John Triantafilis
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Supply Channel ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The clay alluvial plains of Namoi Valley have been intensively developed for irrigation. A condition of a license is water needs to be stored on the farm. However, the clay plain was developed from prior stream channels characterised by sandy clay loam textures that are permeable. Cheap methods of soil physical and chemical characterisations are required to map the supply channels used to move water on farms. Herein, we collect apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) from a DUALEM-421 along a 4-km section of a supply channel. We invert ECa to generate electromagnetic conductivity images (EMCI) using EM4Soil software and evaluate two-dimensional models of estimates of true electrical conductivity (σ—mS m−1) against physical (i.e., clay and sand—%) and chemical properties (i.e., electrical conductivity of saturated soil paste extract (ECe—dS m−1) and the cation exchange capacity (CEC, cmol(+) kg−1). Using a support vector machine (SVM), we predict these properties from the σ and depth. Leave-one-site-out cross-validation shows strong 1:1 agreement (Lin’s) between the σ and clay (0.85), sand (0.81), ECe (0.86) and CEC (0.83). Our interpretation of predicted properties suggests the approach can identify leakage areas (i.e., prior stream channels). We suggest that, with this calibration, the approach can be used to predict soil physical and chemical properties beneath supply channels across the rest of the valley. Future research should also explore whether similar calibrations can be developed to enable characterisations in other cotton-growing areas of Australia.

scholarly journals Tillage and no-tillage effects on physical and chemical properties of an Argiaquoll soil under long-term crop rotation in Buenos Aires, Argentina

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Clara Sokolowski ◽  
Barbara Prack McCormick ◽  
Javier De Grazia ◽  
José E. Wolski ◽  
Hernán A. Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LONG-TERM INTAKE OF ATORVASTATIN AND 1-CHOLECALCIFEROL ON THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD COMPLEXES OF LABORATORY RATS

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
S. S. Osuchuk ◽  
O. S. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Object: to study the physical and chemical properties of the lipoprotein complexes of rats` blood in the long-term administration of statins and vitamin D. Material and methods. The experiment was performed on 4 experimental groups of rats for 90 days: 1 - intact; 2 - placebo; 3 - intragastric administration of atorvastatin; 4 - intragastric administration of atorvastatin with α-calcidol. The lipoprotein blood complexes were isolated by the method of differential ultracentrifugation. The microflow and microviscosity of the lipoprotein complexes were determined using pyrene. Results. The placebo group revealed an increase of the micropolarity of the total lipid pool of VLDL and a decrease of the microviscosity of the annulary pool of LDL and HDL. The administration of atorvastatin reduces the microviscosity of HDL. The combined application of atorvastatin and α-calcidol reduces the microviscosity of HDL. Conclusion. We have drawn a conclusion about the complex effect of stress, atorvastatin, and α-calcidol on the physical and chemical properties of the lipoprotein blood complexes and a conclusion about the positive effect of atorvastatin and α-calcidol on the microviscosity of HDL.

Pronamide Phytotoxicity in Ten Wisconsin Soils

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Dutt ◽  
R. G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Pronamide [3,5-dichloro-(N-1, 1-dimethyl-2-propynyl) benzamide] phytotoxicity was compared in 10 Wisconsin soils and the relationship of activity to soil physical and chemical properties appraised. Twelve soil properties were measured and correlated with pronamide I50(50% fresh weight inhibition) values using oats (Avena sativaL. ‘Portal’) as the indicator plant in bioassays conducted under greenhouse conditions. Organic matter was the soil variable most inversely correlated with pronamide phytotoxicity. Cation exchange capacity, field moisture capacity, and Mg content were also inversely correlated with pronamide phytotoxicity, but probably reflect changes in soil organic matter levels. Clay content did not significantly affect pronamide phytotoxicity.

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