MONOLITH COLUMNS FOR STUDYING ORGANIC SOIL PROFILES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-742
Author(s):  
J. A. MILLETTE ◽  
R. S. BROUGHTON
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Monolith Columns

Monolith column construction and sampling procedures were described for organic soil profiles and used to measure the variation with depth of saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density and fiber content. The top 0.30 m of the organic soil was more permeable, had a greater bulk density and had a greater fiber content than the soil layer between 0.60 and 0.90 m from the soil surface. These columns can be used for correlations studies between physical properties and studies of the dynamic nature of the physical properties of organic soils. Key words: Saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, fiber content, organic soil, monolith columns

scholarly journals SIFAT FISIK GAMBUT PEDALAMAN PADA LABORATORIUM ALAM HUTAN GAMBUT SEBANGAU, KALIMANTAN TENGAHThe Physical Properties Of Inland Peat In Natural Laboratory Of Peat Swamp Forest (LAHG) Sebangau, Central Kalimantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Yonodius Paskalis Bay ◽  
Nina Yulianti ◽  
Suparno Suparno ◽  
Fengky Florante Adji ◽  
Zafrullah Damanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Soil Color ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Peat Area

Indonesia has the largest peat area in the tropical zone, which estimated about 21 million ha, with a percentage of 70% of the peat area in Southeast Asia and 50% of the world's tropical peatlands. This study aims to evaluate the physical properties of soil in each layer of soil and land cover in inland peat swamp forests in LAHG in Central Kalimantan. The research used the profile method (minipit) measuring 120 cm x 120 cm. Each location is given 3 plots on 2 (two) land cover  namely forest and burnt area. The research location is in LAHG. This research was conducted in July-December 2020. Samples were analyzed at the Banjarbaru Research and Development Laboratory. The parameters observed were bulk density, moisture content, fiber content, soil color, infiltration, and hydraulic conductivity. The research data were analyzed statistically by means of regression and correlation analysis. The results showed that the study of the physical properties of inland peat soil in the forest had bulk density ranging from 0.10 to 0.15 g / cm-3, moisture content 541.18-910.00%, fiber content 8-40%, infiltration -0 , 58-29.27 ml / hour, hydraulic conductivity 2.4-66.6 cm / hour with reddish black soil color. Whereas on burnt land, bulk density ranged from 0.10 to 0.15 g / cm-3, moisture content was 500.00-916.67%, fiber content was 12-52%, infiltration was -3.19-60.99 ml. / hr, hydraulic conductivity 2.4-30.6 cm / hr with dark black soil color. The study relationship pattern shows positive and negative.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Sandy Soil Affected by Soil Conditioner Under Wetting and Drying cycles

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Choudhary ◽  
A.M. AI-Omran ◽  
A.A. Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Wetting And Drying Cycles ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity

Information on the effectiveness of soil conditioners over a prolonged period is scarce. A laboratory experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of a polyacrylamide (Broadleaf P4) soil conditioner on the physical properties of sandy soil subjected to wetting and drying cycles. Four concentrations of Broadleaf P4 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% on dry weight basis were uniformly mixed with a calcareous sandy soil. Addition of Broadleaf P4 to sandy soil increased the water holding capacity, decreased the bulk density, and increased the porosity and void ratio at 0 and 16 wetting and drying cycles. The coefficient of linear extensibility increased considerably with increasing concentrations of the polymer. The addition of polymer at 0 and 16 cycles increased considerably the retention and availability of water in sandy soil. Saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with increasing concentrations of Broadleaf P4 whereas unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at 0 and 16 cycles showed an increase with increasing soil moisture contents. After I6 wetting and drying cycles, the capacity of the soil to hold water was lost on average by 15.8% when compared to the 0 wetting and drying cycle. The effectiveness of the soil conditioner on bulk density, coefficient of linear extensibility, available water and saturated hydraulic conductivity was reduced on average by 14.1, 24.5, 21.l and 53.7% respectively. The significant changes in soil properties between 0 and 16 cycles suggested that the effectiveness of the conditioner decreased with the application of wetting and drying cycles. However, its effect was still considerable when compared to untreated soil under laboratory conditions.

Effect of rotational grazing on selected physical properties of a Gleyed Brunisolic Gray Luvisol loam in Nova Scotia

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Rodd ◽  
Y. A. Papadopoulos ◽  
L. F. Laflamme ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
S. A. E. Fillmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Variable Surface ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resistance To Penetration

Low organic matter content and weak soil structure, combined with high annual precipitation, make the soils of the Maritime Provinces extremely susceptible to compaction. Although many pasture studies have been conducted in the Maritime Provinces, none has investigated the impact of pasturing cattle on soil physical properties. Soil properties such as resistance to penetration, bulk density and hydraulic conductivity were monitored on pasture swards receiving various rotational-grazing intensities. These parameters were measured concomitantly on traffic-free areas that had been harvested as conserved forage. Resistance to penetration measurements indicate that a significant amount of compaction by cattle occurred during the 1990, 1991 and 1992 grazing seasons. Penetration resistance was generally greatest in the top 6 cm of soil, but was alleviated by frost action during the subsequent winter and spring. The other soil parameters measured were either more variable (surface and subsurface saturated hydraulic conductivity) or less sensitive (bulk density) to compaction. Although more variable, surface hydraulic conductivity was significantly higher in the traffic-free conserved forage areas than in the pasture paddocks. Rest intervals between grazings had no significant effect on saturated hydraulic conductivity. Seasonal change in resistance to penetration generally increased as rest interval decreased. The timothy/alfalfa swards (little alfalfa was left in the pastures by 1992) had the least seasonal change in resistance to penetration. Key words: Cattle, compaction, resistance to penetration, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity

The ability of Distichlis spicata to grow sustainably within a saline discharge zone while improving the soil chemical and physical properties

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Sargeant ◽  
C. Tang ◽  
P. W. G. Sale
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Distichlis Spicata ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation

Landholder observations indicate that the growth of Distichlis spicata in saline discharge sites improves the soil condition. An extensive soil sampling survey was conducted at the Wickepin field site in Western Australia, where D. spicata had been growing for 8 years, to test the hypothesis that this halophytic grass will make improvements in chemical and physical properties of the soil. Soil measurements included saturated hydraulic conductivity, water-stable aggregates, root length and dry weight, electrical conductivity, pH, and soil nitrogen and carbon. Results confirm that marked differences in soil properties occurred under D. spicata. For example, a 12-fold increase in saturated hydraulic conductivity occurred where D. spicata had been growing for 8 years, compared to adjacent control soil where no grass had been growing. There were also improvements in aggregate stability, with the most notable improvements in the top 0.10 m of soil, again with the greatest improvements occurring where 8 years of growth had occurred. Soil nitrogen and carbon increased under the sward, with the biggest increases occurring in the top 0.10 m of soil. Electrical conductivity measurements were more variable, mostly due to the large spatial and temporal variation encountered. However, the findings generally support the proposition that the growth of D. spicata does not lead to an accumulation of salt within the rooting zone.

Effect of Nano, Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Some Soil Physical Properties and Soybean Productivity in Saline Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Kh. A. Shaban ◽  
M. A. Esmaeil ◽  
A. K. Abdel Fattah ◽  
Kh. A. Faroh
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions

A field experiment was carried out at Khaled Ibn El-waleed village, Sahl El-Hussinia, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during two summer seasons 2019 and 2020 to study the effect of NPK nanofertilizers, biofertilizers and humic acid combined with or without mineral fertilizers different at rates on some soil physical properties and soybean productivity and quality under saline soil conditions. The treatments consisted of: NPK-chitosan, NPK-Ca, humic acid, biofertilzer and control (mineral NPK only). In both seasons, the experiment was carried out in a split plot design with three replicates. The results indicated a significant increase in the soybean yield parameters as compared to control. There was also a significant increase in dry and water stable aggregates in all treatments as compared to control. The treatment NPK-Chitosan was the best in improving dry and stable aggregates. Also, hydraulic conductivity and total porosity values were significantly increased in all treatments due to increase in soil aggregation and porosity that led to increase in values of hydraulic conductivity. Values of bulk density were decreased, the lowest values of bulk density were found in NPK-chitosan treatment as a result of the high concentration of organic matter resulted from NPK-chitosan is much lighter in weight than the mineral fraction in soils. Accordingly, the increase in the organic fraction decreases the total weight and bulk density of the soil. Concerning soil moisture constants, all treatments significantly increased field capacity and available water compared to control. This increase was due to improvement of the soil aggregates and pores spaces which allowed the free movement of water within the soil thereby, increasing the moisture content at field capacity.

scholarly journals Effect of Biochar Application and Re-Application on Soil Bulk Density, Porosity, Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity, Water Content and Soil Water Availability in a Silty Loam Haplic Luvisol

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Toková ◽  
Dušan Igaz ◽  
Ján Horák ◽  
Elena Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Silty Loam

Due to climate change the productive agricultural sectors have started to face various challenges, such as soil drought. Biochar is studied as a promising soil amendment. We studied the effect of a former biochar application (in 2014) and re-application (in 2018) on bulk density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil water content and selected soil water constants at the experimental site in Dolná Malanta (Slovakia) in 2019. Biochar was applied and re-applied at the rates of 0, 10 and 20 t ha−1. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied annually at application levels N0, N1 and N2. In 2019, these levels were represented by the doses of 0, 108 and 162 kg N ha−1, respectively. We found that biochar applied at 20 t ha−1 without fertilizer significantly reduced bulk density by 12% and increased porosity by 12%. During the dry period, a relative increase in soil water content was observed at all biochar treatments—the largest after re-application of biochar at a dose of 20 t ha−1 at all fertilization levels. The biochar application also significantly increased plant available water. We suppose that change in the soil structure following a biochar amendment was one of the main reasons of our observations.

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