Soil nitrate profile and response of potatoes to fertilizer N in relation to time of incorporation of lupin (Lupinus albus)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Sanderson ◽  
J. A. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Lupin (Lupinus albus L. ’Ultra’) was evaluated as a green manure crop the year preceding potato production on Prince Edward Island for 3 yr. One pass of tandem disc was used to incorporate lupin green manure on 1 September (early) or 1 October (late). Barley residue following combine harvest was also incorporated in the same way in early September. One treatment of lupin was left unharvested with no fall incorporation (none), and in another treatment of lupin the seed was fall harvested with no fall incorporation. All treatments were moldboard plowed the following spring. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. ’Russet Burbank’) was planted with three rates of nitrogen (0, 50, and 200 kg ha−1) band applied. Tuber yield and tuber N content increased with increasing rates of N applications in all incorporation treatments. Following late incorporated lupin, potato had higher tuber yield at 0 N than following the early incorporated lupin, while both treatments were higher than barley. Potato petiole nitrate-N levels and the mean spring nitrate-N concentrations in the soil were lower following barley than following lupin, and generally lower following early compared to late incorporation of lupin green manure. These data indicate the time of fall incorporation of a legume can have a significant effect on the N response of a succeeding crop. Early fall incorporation can result in significant fall N mineralization and winter leaching. Research on N response after legumes in rotation should consider the impact of time and method of residue incorporation. Key words: Petiole nitrate-N, nitrate leaching, green manure

scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation Management on Chipping Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production in the Upper Midwest of the U.S.

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Trevor W. Crosby ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Tuber Maturation ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Chipping Potato ◽  
The U.S

Irrigation is required for profitable commercial potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production. Excessive or deficit soil water availability during the growing season can have adverse effects on tuber yield, quality, and storability. A field study was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 field and storage seasons in Central Wisconsin, a region in the U.S. with a high volume of potato production, to evaluate the impacts of different irrigation rates on three chipping potato varieties, Hodag, Lamoka, and Snowden. The treatments were implemented during the late-tuber bulking and tuber maturation growth stages, and consisted of irrigation at 125%, 100%, 75%, and 50% of crop evapotranspiration (ET). Irrigation before the treatment period was at 100%ET for all plots. With the industry standard irrigation practice being at 100%ET, other treatments were designated as over-irrigation or deficit irrigation. The impact of these watering rates on tuber yield and quality was evaluated at harvest, and tuber storage quality was assessed by measuring chip fry color and sugar concentrations at 0, 4, and 8 months of storage. It was found that compared to the standard practice, the over-irrigation treatment at 125%ET when tubers reached late bulking resulted in no significant increase in total yield, marketable yield, tuber quality at harvest and during storage, as well as reduced irrigation efficiency (IE) and water-use efficiency (WUE). This treatment also increased nitrate leaching potential in both years. In comparison, deficit irrigation at 75%ET or even 50%ET during the late season had no impact on tuber growth, could increase IE and WUE in one of the two years, and showed reduced drainage. In both years, irrigation rate had no significant effects on hollow heart incidence, tuber specific gravity at harvest, and fry quality during the 8-month storage period. This study suggested that over-irrigation was not beneficial for potato production in Central Wisconsin of the U.S., and deficit irrigation during late tuber bulking and tuber maturation stages could potentially result in more sustainable water use while not penalizing tuber yield, quality and storability of chipping potatoes.

scholarly journals Impact of Variety Type and Irrigation on Technical Efficiency of Potato Farmers: The Case of Terai Region of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Prasad Adhikari ◽  
Yuga Nath Ghimire ◽  
Krishna Prasad Timsina ◽  
Samaya Gairhe
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Production Function ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Frontier Production Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The national average potato productivity is far below as compared to other neighbouring countries due to several production constraints. Variety and irrigation are the important factors to increase production. The aim of this study is to find the technical efficiency of potato production and to estimate the impact of variety type and irrigation on technical efficiency. A multistage random sampling procedure was employed to select 300 potato farmers from three districts of Nepal. The study used a stochastic frontier production function model to find the production elasticity coefficients of inputs, determinants of efficiency, and technical efficiency of potato farmers. Results showed that variety type and irrigation have a significant positive impact on the technical efficiency of potato production. Nepalese improved varieties adopter farmers were more efficient (73%) than Indian (66%) and local (59%) potato varieties. Likewise, Irrigated potato farming has higher efficiency (71%) than rainfed potato (61%) farming. The mean technical efficiency value of potato farmers was 69 per cent and farmers can increase it with better use of available resources. It is suggested that use of improved potato varieties and irrigation application along with proper amounts of inputs used help to improve technical efficiency of potato farmers.

scholarly journals INITIAL SPROUT GROWTH OF POTATO SEED MINITUBERS UNDER SALT STRESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Camilla Paulino de Oliveira ◽  
Gabriel Zanuto Douradinho ◽  
Guilherme Bortolazzo ◽  
Fábio Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Sprout Growth

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major crop worldwide and the tuber yield of currently used cultivars is strongly reduced at high soil salt levels. The effects of salt stress on early sprout growth of potato plants were investigated using the cultivar Ágata. Potato seed minitubers were planted in 0.4 L pots filled with commercial substrate (Bioplant®), and maintained under greenhouse conditions. A completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications was used. Three days after sprouting, potato plants were exposed to five salinity levels [0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 mmol L–1 of NaCl] for 28 days. Results showed that the exposure of plants to 100 mmol L–1 NaCl reduced the shoot height (72%), shoot dry matter (76%) and root dry matter (75%) of potato plants compared to the NaCl-free control. The length of longest roots was not affected by salinity levels, indicating that inhibition of shoot growth is more severe that of the root. The exposure to high salt concentrations severely restricted the early sprout growth of potato plants. Results of this study stated that salt-stress is a constraint on potato production, and the use of cultivars tolerant to salt stress can be a strategy to achieve high levels of potato tuber yield under salinity conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of plastic mulches on growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Dadeldhura, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-240
Author(s):  
Manoj Bhatta ◽  
Bhimsen Shrestha ◽  
Ananta Raj Devkota ◽  
Khem Raj Joshi ◽  
Sabin Bhattarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Black Plastic

A field experiment was conducted from February to June, 2020 at Bhatkanda, Dadeldhura, Nepal to assess the effectiveness of plastic mulches in potato production. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications comprising of five treatments viz: T1: white plastic mulch (white on black colored), T2: silver plastic mulch (silver on black colored), T3: perforated black plastic mulch, T4: black plastic mulch and T5: control (without mulch). Results revealed that the black plastic mulch significantly increased the rate of emergence while perforated black plastic exhibited highest values of all other studied growth parameters, yield components and quality parameters. The highest marketable tuber yield was obtained in perforated black plastic (6.05 kg/m2) followed by silver plastic (5.62 kg/m2), white plastic (5.46 kg/m2), black plastic (5.14 kg/m2) and lowest marketable tuber yield was obtained in control condition (4.07 kg/m2). Similarly, temperature difference between controlled and mulched condition at 15 cm depth of soil was observed up to 2.8°C with its highest value in black plastic mulch and lowest in control condition. The perforated black plastic mulch was found most economical with maximum value of net return (NRs. 1904.31 thousands/ha) and B: C ratio (5.83). This study concludes that the use of perforated black plastic mulch is most economical with optimum plant growth and yield, producing best quality potatoes under climatic condition of Dadeldhura, Nepal.

RATE OF HYDROLYSIS AND NITRIFICATION OF UREA AND IMPLICATIONS OF ITS USE IN POTATO PRODUCTION

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. MacLEAN ◽  
K. B. McRAE
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Soil Temperatures

The effect of soil temperature on urea hydrolysis and subsequent nitrification in an acid Podzolic soil was investigated under laboratory conditions to determine the transformation rate parameters. More than 90% of applied urea was hydrolyzed within 5 d at temperatures between 9 and 18 °C. Subsequent nitrification rates were more temperature dependent and increased from 4 up to 18 °C. Nitrification was limited at 4 °C, was extensive at 9 °C, and it was essentially complete after 48–68 d at 18 °C and 90% complete after 92 d at 9 and 13 °C. The nitrate-N produced during the cropping season from a spring application of urea was predicted, with a model based on the laboratory determined transformation rates, for field conditions at normal soil temperatures. Following spring-applied urea (20 May), the model indicated that nitrification would be virtually complete by 31 July. In a field experiment, total N uptake by Kennebec potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) from applied ammonium nitrate was 95% complete within the same period and with a similar seasonal pattern to that predicted for nitrate N produced from urea. It was concluded that urea can be a suitable source of nitrogen fertilizer for the production of potatoes. Key words: Urea hydrolysis, nitrification, potatoes, modelling, prediction

What Do Adults in Prince Edward Island: Know About Nutrition?

2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Gottschall-Pass ◽  
Lauren Reyno ◽  
Debbie MacLellan ◽  
Mark Spidel
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Targeted Messages ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: To assess adults’ knowledge of dietary recommendations, food sources of key nutrients, food choices, and diet-disease relationships. Methods: A previously validated survey, designed to assess nutrition knowledge, was adapted for use in Prince Edward Island and mailed to a random sample of 3,500 adults (aged 18 to 74). Dillman's Total Design Method was followed and a response rate of 26.4% achieved. Mean scores and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the overall survey and for each section. Demographic variations were assessed by univariate analysis. Results: Of an overall possible score of 110 points, the mean score with 95% CI was 71.0 (70.1, 71.9). Respondents scored higher on the sections on dietary recommendations, food sources, and food choices than diet-disease relationships. Demographic differences existed in gender, age, education, and income. Findings suggest that adults have good general knowledge of dietary recommendations, but lack knowledge about how to make healthier food choices and the impact of diet on disease risk. Conclusion: When designing intervention strategies, dietitians should consider targeted messages to provide adults with the information they need to make healthy food choices.

scholarly journals Trends in the variability of potato tuber yield under selected land and soil characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Zare ◽  
Aitazaz Farooque ◽  
Farhat Abbas ◽  
Qamar Zaman ◽  
Melanie Bos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Volumetric Moisture Content ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this study was to evaluate variations in potato tuber yield with the selected land and soil characteristics including (i) topography (elevation and slope); (ii) geometry (horizontal coplanar geometry (HCP)and perpendicular coplanar geometry (PRP)); (iii) hydrology (volumetric moisture content; θv), and (iv) chemistry (phosphate, potash, organic carbon; organic carbon and pH). Analyses of the data collected across four potato fields, two each in Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick (NB), showed that the tuber yield negatively correlated with the field slope and positively correlated with most of the soil characteristics studied. Field elevation affected yield only under certain conditions such as higher range of elevation (≥ 7 m) (Field 2 in NB). Among soil characteristics, only HCP and PRP correlated with field elevation. The slope and elevation explained 22% to 36% variability of yield. Investigations of yield and topography by zonal analysis showed that yield was lower in zones of higher slope or elevation and lower θv, as the mean θv decreased in zones with a higher slope.

Comparison of total tuber yields from inner and guard rows used in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) fertiliser experiments

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
AB Frensham ◽  
KSR Chapman ◽  
CMJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Total tuber yields were compared for inner and outer (guard) rows from 4 phosphorus (P) and 3 nitrogen (N) field experiments conducted during 1985-86 in South Australia, and from 5 N and 2 potassium (K) field experiments conducted during 1985-86 and 1987-88 in Tasmania. All fertiliser treatments were banded along the rows, either at planting or part at planting and the remainder sidedressed after emergence. The inter-row spacings were in the range 76-86 cm and the cultivars used were Kennebec, Coliban and Russet Burbank. Analysis showed that at only 1 of the 14 sites (site 6 in South Australia) was the mean total tuber yield for the inner 2 rows significantly (P<0.01) less than the mean total tuber yield for all 4 rows. However, the difference was small (0.8 t/ha or 1.9%) and of little practical importance. The relationships between mean (� s.e.) total tuber yield and rate (kg/ha) of applied nutrient (0-240 P, 0-320 N, 0-400 K) for inner and guard rows showed that differences between means were small and usually within standard error ranges at all sites. There were no consistent differences in the magnitudes of the standard errors of the means for inner and guard rows for all rates and types of nutrient applied. No significant cross-feeding occurred in these fertiliser experiments, which suggests that omission of guard rows from experiments where the fertiliser treatments are applied along the rows should not result in serious errors of interpretation of tuber yield response.

Impact of Trichoderma application as bio-stimulator on disease suppression, growth and yield of potato

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 2252-2257
Author(s):  
M. Rakibuzzaman ◽  
M. H. Akand ◽  
M. Siddika ◽  
A. F. M. J. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
The Impact

Excess use of chemical fertilizers and synthetic chemicals to increase the growth and yield as well as controlling disease often reduced soil fertility, adversely affect human health and environment. That’s why an experiment was accomplished in the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2016 to March 2017 to study the impact of Trichoderma application as bio-stimulator on potato production. The study comprised of three Trichoderma treatments, (i) T0= No Trichoderma application, (ii) T1= 106spores/ml and (iii) T2= 108spores/ml. Trichoderma 1ml/L (1000 ppm) solution was applied two times in each plot at 15 and 45 days after planting (DAP). Data on growth yield and disease suppression parameters showed significant variation. The results elluciated that application of Trichoderma increased the growth attributes positively and produced 23.82% and 11.33% higher yield in T2 and T1 compared to no application of Trichoderma, respectively. Trichoderma (108spores/ml) improved tuber yield by optimizing the dry matter content. Furthermore, application of Trichoderma decreased the disease infestation and the best result (1.60%) recorded in T2. Therefore, 108spores/ml of Trichoderma application can be considered the potential bio-stimulator for prospective potato production with higher growth, yield and suppress of disease.

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