Application of seed-row potash to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown on soils with high “available” potassium levels

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Karamanos ◽  
J. T. Harapiak ◽  
N. A. Flore
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Significant Yield

Benefits of KCl application to cereals have been documented in Great Plains soils and have been attributed primarily to a response to the Cl- portion of this fertilizer either due to disease suppression or a Cl- deficiency. The practice of placing small amounts of KCl with the seed to avert any of these undesirable effects has been gaining momentum in western Canada. However, research on benefits from KCl fertilization of barley on high K soils in western Canada is limited. A large number of trials (115) were conducted from 1989 to 1998 on western Canadian prairie soils to ascertain the response of barley to seed-row applied KCl fertilizer. All soils contained K levels in excess of what is considered a critical level for obtaining a yield response to K due to K deficiency. Statistically significant yield increases with KCl application were obtained in 37 of 115 trials (32%). There appeared to be a strong link between the probability of obtaining a significant yield response to seed-row applied KCl, and barley cultivar and previous crop. Growing Harrington barley on barley stubble resulted in a grain yield increase due to KCl seed-placement 60% of the time. However, no clearly defined mechanism for the grain yield responses could be drawn based on the determined parameters, except that the majority of responses did occur under conditions that promote disease (e.g., disease susceptible cultivar, barley sown on barley stubble, etc.) and that the lower the soil “available” K levels in those instances, the higher the grain yield increase. Hence, it is hypothesized that K may play an indirect role in suppressing disease by increasing the overall health of plants. None of the assessed plant characteristics other than yield, i.e., days to maturity, kernel plumpness, protein and root rot infection, benefited from application of Cl- as either KCl or CaCl2. Key words: Chloride, cultivar, Harrington, disease, plant health, previous crop

Weeds in grain-lupins. 2. The response of narrow-leafed lupins to pre-emergence herbicides

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (84) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Allen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Significant Yield

Results are reported from 18 experiments in which pre-emergence herbicides were evaluated in narrow-leafed lupins, (Lupinus angustifolius). At all 11 sites south of Perth (latitudes 32�S to 35�S) there was a significant lupin grain yield response to herbicides (P<0.05). There was a significant yield increase at only one of the seven sites north of Perth (latitudes 28�S to 32�S). Significant yield increases were obtained on at least one occasion with alachlor 1.1, 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1; diuron 0.4, 0.8, 1.3 kg a.i. ha-1; linuron 1:1, 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1; simazine 1.1, 1.7, 2.4 kg a.i. ha-1 and trifluralin 0.5, 1.1 kg a.i. ha-1 (P<0.05). Diuron 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1; linuron 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1 and simazine 1.1, 1.7 kg a.i. ha-1 each resulted in a significant lupin yield reduction on one occasion (P<0.05).

EFFETS DES METHODES DE SEMIS SUR L’EVALUATION DES CULTIVARS DE CEREALES

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
C. A. ST-PIERRE ◽  
J. P. DUBUC ◽  
F. M. GAUTHIER ◽  
H. R. KLINCK
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Adequate Evaluation ◽  
Significant Yield

The differential response of a number of cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) to different methods of seeding was studied. Results of eight station–years with wheat show significant differences in yield among the cultivars and among seeding methods. The highest rate of seeding of wheat, 118 kg/ha, resulted in a significant yield increase, but the yield increase was smaller with narrower rows. The interaction of methods of seeding × cultivars was not significant, indicating that the presently used testing procedures give adequate evaluation of yield potential of wheat cultivars. The stable cultivar performance at the various rates of seeding suggests that efficient individual plant selection could be made at lower rates of seeding in rows 15 cm apart. Results of eight station–years with barley and 12 station–years with oats show that the experimental testing procedures used are adequate to evaluate oats and barley cultivars for yield.

scholarly journals Grain yield response of some agronomy practices on contemporary common winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-314
Author(s):  
M. Nankova ◽  
A. Atanasov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Four Levels

Abstract. During 2014–2017, the influence of some main agronomy factors on the size of the resultant agronomic effect from their application to contemporary common winter wheat cultivars was investigated. The study was carried out in the experimental field (Haplic Chernozems soil type) of Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute – General Toshevo. The trial was designed by the split plot method, in four replications, on harvest area of 12m2. Cultivars Sadovo 1, Pryaspa, Kami, Kalina, Kiara, Kossara and Katarjina were grown after winter oilseed rape, spring pea, sunflower and grain maize at four levels of nutrition regime. The nutrition regime was differentiated depending on the previous crop. After spring pea, 30, 60 and 90 kg N/ha were used, and after the rest of the previous crops – 60, 120 and 180 kg N/ha. With the exception of the check variant all fertilizer variants were against background fertilization with 60 kg P2O5/ha and 60 kg K2O/ha. The positive reaction from the complex interaction of the tested agronomy factors was best expressed in 2015 – 2409.2 kg/ha, while during the extremely unfavorable year 2016, the effect was only 628.2 kg/ha. The independent and combined action of the mineral fertilization and the year conditions had determining influence on the size of the agronomic effect (AE). The positive effect from the mineral fertilization on the values of AE was accompanied by slight differentiation between the tested fertilization norms. Within this study, the highest mean value of AE was determined after fertilization with N180P60K60 – 2274.2 kg/ha. The variation in the mean size of AE depending on the type of previous crop was high – from 900.6 kg/ha (pea) to 2031.2 kg/ha (oilseed rape). The applied agronomy practices caused differentiation in the mean values of AE according to the type of cultivar. The cultivars Kiara (1796.1 kg/ha) and Kalina (1704.5 kg/ha) were with the highest size of AE. They exceeded the AE values of the two standard cultivars Sadovo 1 and Pryaspa by 30.26% and 23.62%, respectively. Averaged for the research, it was found that AE was in positive statistically significant correlation with grain yield and its physical properties.

Sulfur and nitrogen responses by barley and wheat on a sandy soil in a semi-arid environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
M. K. Conyers ◽  
J. E. Holland ◽  
B. Haskins ◽  
R. Whitworth ◽  
G. J. Poile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Semi Arid

Soil testing guidelines for sulfur (S) under dryland cropping in south-eastern Australia are not well developed. Our objective was to assess the value of soil and tissue tests for S and nitrogen (N), because the two minerals frequently interact), in predicting S-deficient sites and hence increasing the probability of response to application of S (and N). Here, we report three proximal experiments in 2014–16 for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on a sandy soil in a semi-arid environment near Merriwagga in western New South Wales. The trials contained a factorial combination of four rates of each of applied N as urea and S as high-grade gypsum. Responses to S were obtained for dry matter (DM) quantity and nutrient content at flowering in 2014, but no grain-yield response was obtained in any year. DM response to applied S was obtained when the concentration of S in the DM was increased from 0.08% in barley and 0.09% in wheat without S application to 0.10–0.11% in both crops with S applied as gypsum. Because we obtained no grain-yield responses to applied S, the 0.10% S in grain was likely to have been adequate for both crops in these experiments. A pool of subsoil S was accessed during each season and this compensated for any DM deficiencies of S by the time of grainfill. Shallow soil tests (0–10 cm) for S can therefore indicate sufficiency but not necessarily deficiency; therefore, in grain-cropping areas, we recommend soil S tests on the same samples as used for deep N testing (to 60 cm) and that an S-budgeting approach be used following the soil tests. Furthermore, for marginal nutritional circumstances such as occurred in this study, the supporting use of N:S ratio is recommended, with values &gt;17 in DM or grain likely to indicate S deficiency for both barley and wheat.

Comparison of legume-based cropping systems at Warra, Queensland. 2. Mineral nitrogen accumulation and availability to the subsequent wheat crop

Soil Research ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Hossain ◽  
WM Strong ◽  
SA Waring ◽  
RC Dalal ◽  
EJ Weston
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Yield Increase

Mineral nitrogen release following legume-based cropping systems for restoring the fertility of a Vertisol and the yield response and N uptake of subsequent wheat crops was studied. Legume phases of pastures, including a 4 year grass+legume ley, and lucerne and medic leys (~1 year) were terminated in October 1988 or 1989 and rotated with wheat. Chickpea-wheat rotations matched those of lucerne and medic leys. Mineral N accumulations during a subsequent fallow period were determined by core sampling to 1.5 m in October, February and May. Grain yield and N uptake of wheat enabled comparisons of the fertility restorative effects of the various systems relative to continuous wheat cropping. Averaged for two fallow periods, increases in mineral N down to 1.2 m depth were 93, 91, 68, and 37 kg/ha following grass+legume, lucerne and medic leys, and chickpea, respectively, compared with the continuous wheat treatment. Wheat yields were generally lower in 1989 (1.85–2.88 t/ha) than in 1990 (2.08–3.59 t/ha) following all leys and crops due to seasonal conditions. There was a grain yield increase of 0.11 and 0.52 t/ha in 1989 and 1.23 and 1.26 t/ha in 1990 following lucerne and medic leys, respectively and 0.85 t/ha in 1990 following a 4 year grass+legume ley. Following chickpea there was a yield increase of 0.81 and 1.36 t/ha in 1989 and 1990 respectively. Nitrogen uptake by wheat was increased by 40 and 49 kg/ha in 1989 and 48 and 58 kg/ha in 1990 following lucerne and medic leys respectively and 63 kg/ha in 1990 following a 4 year grass+legume ley. Following chickpea N uptake by wheat was increased by 27 and 32 kg/ha in 1989 and 1990 respectively. Grain protein concentration of wheat was substantially higher following all pasture leys (11.7–15.8%) than following wheat (8.0–9.4%) or chickpea (9.4–10.1%). Therefore, there was substantial evidence of the effectiveness of pasture leys in soil fertility restoration, as reflected in mineral N, yield response and N uptake by subsequent wheat crops.

Winter wheat grain yield response to water and nitrogen on the north american great plains

1988 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Major ◽  
B.L. Blad ◽  
A. Bauer ◽  
J.L. Hatfield ◽  
K.G. Hubbard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
North American ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
The North ◽  
Response To Water

Influence of production systems on return and risk from malting barley production in western Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Smith ◽  
T.K. Turkington ◽  
J.T. O’Donovan ◽  
M.J. Edney ◽  
P.E. Juskiw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Field Data Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Profitable malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production systems are required to reverse the decline in area seeded to malting barley in western Canada. Systems that could increase the profitability of growing malting barley considered the previous crop, nitrogen (N) rate, and fungicide application. The net return (NR) and risk for these systems were computed from western Canada field data. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the impact of systems on NR over 21 site-years of field data. Risk was evaluated with a stochastic simulation model. NR was higher and risk lower for malting barley when the preceding crop was field pea (Pisum sativum L.), when fungicide was applied at the flag leaf stage for leaf disease control, and when N was 50% of the recommended N rate. Therefore, malting barley should be grown on field pea stubble at a lower N rate, with fungicide applied when there are leaf diseases.

Effectiveness of seedrow placement of granular copper products for wheat

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Karamanos ◽  
F. L. Walley ◽  
P. L. Flaten
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Economic Advantage ◽  
Incorporation Rate ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Yield Increase

The practice of placing granular Cu fertilizers with the seed of cereals and oilseeds has been expanding in western Canada mainly due to the high cost of applying the minimum suggested broadcast and incorporation rate of 3.5 kg Cu ha-1. The hypothesis made is that annual applications of small amounts of Cu in the order of 1 kg Cu ha-1 will satisfy the Cu requirement of a crop and, over a period of years, have the same effect as a single broadcast and incorporated application. We tested this hypothesis in a number of experiments aimed at assessing the effectiveness of seedrow placement of a variety of Cu products (sulphate, oxysulphate and chelated) at various rates (0 to 4 kg Cu ha-1) in the year of application, its residual effect after four annual applications and whether it can be combined with foliar Cu applications to provide an agronomic and economic solution both in the short and longer terms. Annual seedrow applications of up to 4 kg ha-1 were both agronomically and economically inferior to broadcasting and incorporation of 4 kg ha-1 as Cu sulphate; the former provided a statistically significant grain yield increase only in 3 of 10 site-years and only when the Cu fertilizer was in sulphate or chelated forms. However, yield increases thus obtained were neither economical nor as good as those obtained with broadcast and incorporated copper sulphate. The residual effects of seedrow-applied Cu at rates up to 4 kg ha-1 were very small compared to a single, 4-yr old broadcasting and incorporation of 4 kg Cu ha-1, and were obtained primarily after 3 yr of annual applications and with sulphate or chelated products only. However, average yield increases as a result of residual effects in the fifth year were approximately 35% of those obtained with broadcasting and incorporation. Combining seedrow with foliar applications did not have any agronomic or economic advantage, since most benefit arose from the latter. Key words: Broadcast and incorporation, sulphate, oxysulphate, chelate, residual

Genotype × environment interactions for two-row barley grain yield and implications for selection of test locations

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. May ◽  
G. C. Kozub
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Responses

The response of barley grain yield to Canadian prairie environments was studied to evaluate genotype × environment interactions, and to group locations according to genotype response, which identifies locations whose removal would not significantly affect the validity of conclusions. The data were also used to illustrate a method for handling a large genotype × location × year data base with few common entries. Information from 20 test locations with 11–19 annual entries over 7 yr was used. Analyses of variance of data sets with three to seven common entries in adjacent years indicated significant genotype × location × year interactions for grain yield. The structure of the genotype × location interaction was studied using cluster analysis within each year and summarized over years. Cluster analysis using individual years allowed more test entries and should increase the reliability of the conclusions compared to that using average over years with few entries. Clustering identified six locations with dissimilar genotype yield responses. In the 7 yr, 19 pairs of locations usually clustered together. The 19 pairs involved eight of the 20 locations and most were in the same geographical region. Some of the eight locations could be eliminated without significant loss of reliability. Rankings of test entries for grain yield at locations within a cluster were generally similar when genotype effects were larger. Key words:Barley, Hordeum vulgare L, genotype-environment interaction, grain yield

Competition between rice and barnyard grass (Echinochloa). 2. The response to nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur in pots

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
CR Kleinig ◽  
JC Noble
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
New South ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The results are presented of four glasshouse experiments conducted at Deniliquin, New South Wales, investigating the competition between rice (Oryza sativa) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.) grown on Riverina clay. A study of the response to nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur showed that Echinochloa tillering was favoured as level of nutrient supply increased. Echinochloa severely depressed rice tillering and yield. Delayed application of nitrogen did not result in any increase in rice yield when competing with Echinochloa. In the absence of Echinochloa competition, rice tillering and grain yield responded to both added nitrogen and phosphorus, but there was no significant yield response to sulphur. Rice panicle production (fertile tillering) was strongly influenced by nutrient supply and was, in turn, related to final grain yield of rice.

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