Incidence and Risk Factors Associated with Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Pulmonary Tuberculosis among People Deprived of Liberty in Colombian Prisons

People deprived of liberty (PDL) are at high risk of acquiring Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (latent tuberculosis infection [LTBI]) and progressing to active tuberculosis (TB). We sought to determine the incidence rates and factors associated with LTBI and active TB in Colombian prisons. Using information of four cohort studies, we included 240 PDL with two-step tuberculin skin test (TST) negative and followed them to evaluate TST conversion, as well as, 2,134 PDL that were investigated to rule out active TB (1,305 among people with lower respiratory symptoms of any duration, and 829 among people without respiratory symptoms and screened for LTBI). Latent tuberculosis infection incidence rate was 2,402.88 cases per 100,000 person-months (95% CI 1,364.62–4,231.10) in PDL with short incarceration at baseline, and 419.66 cases per 100,000 person-months (95% CI 225.80–779.95) in individuals with long incarceration at baseline (who were enrolled for the follow after at least 1 year of incarceration). The TB incidence rate among PDL with lower respiratory symptoms was 146.53 cases/100,000 person-months, and among PDL without respiratory symptoms screened for LTBI the incidence rate was 19.49 cases/100,000 person-months. History of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination decreased the risk of acquiring LTBI among PDL who were recently incarcerated. Female sex, smoked drugs, and current cigarette smoking were associated with an increased risk of developing active TB. This study shows that PDL have high risk for LTBI and active TB. It is important to perform LTBI testing at admission to prison, as well as regular follow-up to control TB in prisons.

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Factors Associated with Latent Tuberculosis Infection among the Hospital Employees in a Tertiary Hospital of Northeastern Thailand

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186876 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6876

Author(s):

Patimaporn Chanpho ◽

Naesinee Chaiear ◽

Supot Kamsa-ard

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Critical Role ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

P Value ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Northeastern Thailand

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) can develop into tuberculosis (TB). The WHO requires the discovery and management of LTBI among high-risk groups. Health care workers (HCWs) constitute a high-risk group. Factors associated with LTBI among HCWs in Thailand need further study. The current study aimed to explore the factors related to LTBI among Thai HCWs. A hospital-based, matched case-control study was conducted. All cases and controls were HCWs at a tertiary hospital in northeastern Thailand. Between 2017 and 2019, a total of 85 cases of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs)-proven LTBI, and 170 control subjects were selected from a hospital (two controls per case). The two recruited controls were individually matched with LTBI cases by sex and age (±5 years). Secondary data were obtained from the occupational health and safety office. Case HCWs had a higher proportion of significant factors than control HCWs (i.e., working closely with pulmonary TB—94.1% vs. 88.8%, and working in the area of aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) 81.2% vs. 69.4%). The bivariate conditional logistic regression showed that the occurrence of LTBI in HCWs was statistically significant (p-value < 0.05), particularly with respect to: workplaces of AGPs (crude OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.01–3.58, p = 0.041); among HCWs performing AGPs (crude OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.48, p = 0.007); and, absent Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) scar (crude OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.50–4.47, p = 0.001). Based on the multivariable conditional logistics analysis, HCWs who performed AGPs while contacting TB cases had a statistically significant association with LTBI (adjusted OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.04–3.20, p = 0.035). HCWs who reported the absence of a BCG scar had a statistically significant association with LTBI (adjusted OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.65–5.36, p = 0.001), whereas other factors including close contact with TB (adjusted OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 0.74, 8.09, p = 0.123) were not significantly associated with LTBI. In conclusion, HCWs who performed AGPs and were absent a BCG scar had a significant association with LTBI, while other factors played a less critical role.

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Prevalence and factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection in an indigenous population in the Brazilian Amazon

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/0037-8682-0220-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 456-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jocieli Malacarne ◽

Diana Patricia Giraldo Rios ◽

Cosme Marcelo Furtado Passos da Silva ◽

José Ueleres Braga ◽

Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indigenous Population ◽

Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Factors Associated

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Prevalence and Risk Factors associated with Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Household Contacts of Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in South India

Tropical Medicine & International Health ◽

10.1111/tmi.13693 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy ◽

Komala Ezhumalai ◽

Sharan Murali ◽

Sathish Rajaa ◽

Maria Jose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

South India ◽

Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Household Contacts ◽

Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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754. Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Care University Hospital

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy210.761 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S271-S271

Author(s):

Eun Ju Choo ◽

Se Yoon Park

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

University Hospital ◽

Increased Risk ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Univariate Analyses

Abstract Background We investigated the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among healthcare workers (HCWs) and analyzed its risk factors in a tertiary care university hospital in South Korea in a population with intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden. Methods A standard questionnaire regarding the baseline demographics and risk factors for LTBI was given to each participant. QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay and chest radiography were performed to investigate the rate of LTBI. Results A total of 1,429 participants, 213 (14.9%) doctors and 988 (69.1%) nurses and 228 (16.0%) others were enrolled. The mean age of the subjects was 33.0 years old, and 1,175 (82.2%) were female. Of the participants, 94.5% had received BCG vaccine. QFT-GIT assays were positive for 156 subjects (10.9%). Of the 213 doctors, 28 (13.1%) were positive by QFT-GIT, and among the 988 nurses, 94 (9.5%) had positive QFT-GIT results. Experience of working in hospital was significantly associated with positive LTBI test results by QFT-GIT assay. Gender and duration of employment as an HCW were significantly associated with having a positive QFT-GIT result in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, duration of employment as an HCW (>15 years) (odds ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–3.43) was independently associated with increased risk of a positive QFT-GIT result. Conclusion A high prevalence of LTBI was found among our HCWs. Considering the association between the experience of working in hospital and high risk of LTBI. The risk for tuberculosis infection among HCWs was higher than general population, which suggests that stricter preventive strategies against nosocomial tuberculosis infection should be implemented. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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