scholarly journals Direct Molecular Characterization of Acid-Fast Bacilli Smear of Nontuberculosis Mycobacterium Species Causing Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Guna Yala Region, Panama

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arístides López ◽  
Fermin Acosta ◽  
Dilcia Sambrano ◽  
Musharaf Tarajia ◽  
Sophia Navajas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Laboratory Capacity ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) stands out as the main causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). However, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species also have the potential to infect and cause TB in susceptible individuals. The objective of this study was to identify NTM species that cause public health problems in remote areas. The study was carried out using 105 sputum smears obtained from patients from the Guna Yala Region of Panama with clinical signs suggestive of TB. DNA was extracted from sputum smears. Nontuberculous mycobacteria and MTB were characterized using polymerase chain reaction restriction analysis (hsp65, rpob) and an evaluation of 24-mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units–variable number of tandem repeats loci. Twenty-six Mycobacterium species were characterized; 19 (18%) were identified as MTB, and 7 (6.7%) were identified as NTM (four M. avium complex, two M. haemophilum, one M. tusciae). These results suggest that at least one in five cases of pulmonary TB among this population is caused by an NTM. Thus, identifying the bacteria causing pulmonary disease is key even in remote regions of the world where standard diagnosis and culture are not available. Strengthening the laboratory capacity within the Guna Yala Region is needed to identify NTM infections promptly.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Phomopsis vexans Isolates of Eggplant of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Islam ◽  
M Asaduzzaman ◽  
MB Meah
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Taq Polymerase ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Phomopsis Vexans ◽  
Template Dna

Forty-four isolates of Phomopsis vexans were collected from eggplant producing areas of Bangladesh during the 2008-2009 growing seasons. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) technique was used to develop molecular markers. The MR-20 primer amplified template DNA for all isolates studied and resulted in distinct bands. The banding patterns of P. vexans isolates were separated into five groups after results with Taq polymerase. The highest genomic DNA concentration 50 ng/?l was found in the isolates of 8, 14, 26, 27 and 38, and the lowest concentration of genomic DNA was found 12.5 ng/?l in the isolates of 1, 2, 5, 15, 17, 22, 30, 31, 33, 34, 36, 40, 41, 42 and 43. Based on the fingerprinting the 44 isolates of Phomopsis vexans were categorized into five different groups. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v8i1-2.14636 J. Sci. Foundation, 8(1&2): 131-140, June-December 2010

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Molecular Investigation of Ocular Fungal Infection in Equine from Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Amin Tahoun ◽  
Helmy K. Elnafarawy ◽  
Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy ◽  
Abdelhamed Abdelhady ◽  
Amira M. Rizk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Diagnosis and treatment of ocular fungal infection in equine seems very challenging for owners and clinicians. The present study aimed to identify and characterize fungal species isolated from the eyes of clinically healthy and diseased equines (N = 100) from Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. The work also involved morphological and molecular characterization of the major fungal species. In addition, correlations between the occurrence of isolated fungi and some of the potential risk factors were also investigated. Interestingly, the prevalence rate of ocular mycosis in all examined equines in the study was 28% and there were major clinical signs associated with ocular fungal infection. Moreover, the identified fungal species included Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillium spp., Mucor spp., and Alternari spp. with a corresponding prevalence rate of 63.9%, 27.8%, 15.3%, 18.1%, 13.9%, and 4.2%, respectively, in healthy equine eyes, while their prevalence in diseased equine eyes was 57.1%, 32.1%, 21.4%, 7.1%, 3.6%, and 0%. Furthermore, a statistical significant association (p < 0.05) was found between the frequency of isolation of A. fumigatus and Penicillium and several risk factors (breed, sex, and ground type), while the remaining risk factors and occurrence of fungi were not statistically correlated. A subset of the Aspergillus species samples positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were sequenced and their phylogenetic analysis identified three species of Aspergillus. Taken together, our study provides novel data related to the occurrence of ocular mycosis in equine in Egypt. Given the zoonotic potential of some identified fungi, our data may be helpful for implementation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for combating this sight-threatening infection in equine.

scholarly journals Mycobacterioses in dogs and cats from Buenos Aires, Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soledad Barandiaran ◽  
Marcela Martínez Vivot ◽  
Elvira Falzoni ◽  
María J. Marfil ◽  
Gabriela Pérez Tort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Tandem Repeat ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Full Characterization

Mycobacterioses can produce nonspecific clinical signs in dogs and cats that make diagnosis difficult. Furthermore, the full characterization of mycobacterial agents is not always possible or practical. We characterized mycobacteria detected through cytology in 12 dogs and 7 cats with generalized clinical signs from the province of Buenos Aires in Argentina. In dogs, molecular testing confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) in 8 cases and M. fortuitum in 1 case. All dogs were Miniature Schnauzers, suggesting that this breed may be more susceptible to M. avium than other dog breeds. The cat isolates were 2 M. bovis, 1 M. fortuitum, and 1 MAH. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable-number tandem repeat patterns suggested possible links with cattle, swine, and humans studied previously in Argentina. The results show that pets may act as susceptible hosts with the potential risk of transmitting the infection to humans and other animals.

scholarly journals Development of a Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Typing Scheme for the Bacterial Rice Pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 948-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhao ◽  
Lucie Poulin ◽  
Luis M. Rodriguez-R ◽  
Natalia Forero Serna ◽  
Shu-Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Chinese Strain ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola is an important bacterial pathogen responsible for outbreaks of bacterial leaf streak (BLS) on rice, mostly occurring in Asia and parts of Africa. To better monitor epidemics and assess population structures, efficient tools that allow the precise identification and diagnosis of pathogenic populations are needed. In this study, we explored variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTR) as a fast, reliable, and cost-effective molecular typing tool. Screening of three X. oryzae pv. oryzicola genome sequences (Philippine strain BLS256, Chinese strain GX01, and Malian strain MAI10) predicted 28 candidate VNTR loci. Primer pairs for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of all 28 loci were designed and applied to a panel of 20 X. oryzae pv. oryzicola strains originating from Asia and Africa. Sequencing of PCR amplicons revealed 25 robust and polymorphic VNTR loci that are shared among Asian and African X. oryzae pv. oryzicola strains. A dendrogram constructed from 25 VNTR loci indicated that most Asian strains are clearly discriminated from African strains. However, in agreement with previous reports, one strain from Mali is related to Asian strains, pointing to a possible introduction of Asian strains to the African continent. The new VNTR-based tool described here is useful for studies of population structures and epidemiological monitoring of X. oryzae pv. oryzicola.

Association Between the Aggrecan Gene and Rheumatoid Arthritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2325-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
THAIS B. de SOUZA ◽  
ELISA F. MENTZ ◽  
CLAITON V. BRENOL ◽  
RICARDO M. XAVIER ◽  
JOÃO C.T. BRENOL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vntr Polymorphism ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

ObjectiveGenetic and environmental factors seem to be involved in the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We analyzed whether a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in the aggrecan gene was associated to RA.MethodsThe study population comprised 170 European-derived Brazilian patients with diagnosis of RA. The control group comprised 148 European-derived Brazilian healthy blood donors. The aggrecan VNTR polymorphism was genotyped by DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction, followed by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel.ResultsThere was a statistically significant higher frequency of alleles of shorter length in the patient group compared to controls (p = 0.001), suggesting that individuals carrying short alleles are more likely to develop RA. There was no association between short alleles and clinical characteristics of RA.ConclusionOur results provide evidence of an association between the aggrecan gene VNTR polymorphism and RA.

scholarly journals Identification of a Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Polymorphism and Characterization of LEF-1 Response Elements in the Promoter of the IDO1 Gene

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e25470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Soichot ◽  
Benjamin Hennart ◽  
Alaa Al Saabi ◽  
Audrey Leloire ◽  
Philippe Froguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Response Elements
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