scholarly journals Television Viewing: Moderator or Mediator of an Adolescent Physical Activity Intervention?

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan J. Graham ◽  
Margaret Schneider ◽  
Dan M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Public High School ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Self Monitoring

Purpose. To determine whether the amount of television (TV) watched by participants enrolled in a physical activity intervention mediates or moderates program effectiveness. Design. Nine-month, controlled, school-based physical activity intervention. Setting. Public high school. Participants. One hundred twenty-two sedentary adolescent females (mean + standard deviation age = 15.04 + 0.79 years). Intervention. Supervised in-class exercise, health education, and internet-based self-monitoring. Measures. Physical activity by 3-day physical activity recall; TV viewing by self-reports; cardiovascular fitness by cycle ergometer. Analysis. T-tests were conducted to examine between-group differences. Linear regression equations tested the mediating or moderating role of TV watching relative to the intervention. Results. TV viewing moderated the intervention's effect on vigorous activity; the intervention significantly predicted change in physical activity among high (β = −.45; p < .001), but not among low (p > .05), TV watchers. TV viewing did not mediate the intervention effect. Conclusions. Consistent with displacement theory, adolescents who watched more TV prior to the intervention showed postintervention increases in vigorous physical activity and concomitant decreases in TV viewing, whereas those who watched less TV showed no change in physical activity or TV viewing.

Self-monitoring and reminder text messages to increase physical activity after colorectal cancer (CRC): A pilot randomized controlled trial.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 615-615
Author(s):  
Erin Van Blarigan ◽  
Katherine Van Loon ◽  
Stacey A. Kenfield ◽  
June M. Chan ◽  
Emily Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pilot Rct ◽  
The Impact

615 Background: Over 1.3 million people in the US are living with CRC. Physical activity is associated with lower risk of CRC mortality. Interventions are needed to increase physical activity after CRC diagnosis. Methods: We conducted a pilot RCT to determine the feasibility (adherence, attrition) and acceptability of a 12-wk intervention using a Fitbit Flex™ and daily text messages to increase physical activity after CRC. Eligible patients had to have colon or rectal cancer of any stage, be disease free or have stable disease, able to speak and read English, and access to Internet and a mobile phone. Individuals with contraindications to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or exercising ≥30 min ≥5 d/wk were excluded. We explored the impact of the intervention (n = 20) vs. usual care (n = 21) on MVPA via ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers pre-/post-intervention. Results: The intervention was feasible and acceptable. On average, participants were 54 y, BMI 28 kg/m2 and enrolled 1.5 y after diagnosis; 59% were women, 73% were White, and 61% were stage III. The intervention arm wore their Fitbits a median of 74 d (89% of study days, IQR: 23-83 d) and responded to 74% (34) of the 46 text messages that asked for a reply (IQR: 28-82%). Older participants were more likely to wear the Fitbit ( r: 0.72; p < 0.001). Married participants were more likely to wear the Fitbit and respond to texts compared to unmarried (96% vs. 32% wear time, p: 0.02 and 85% vs. 46% response rate, p: 0.006). Most patients (88%) reported that the intervention motivated them to exercise and that they were satisfied with their experience. On average, the intervention arm increased MVPA by 14 min/d, while the control arm increased by only 1 min/d, but there was no statistically significant difference in change in MVPA between groups (mean difference comparing change in MVPA in the intervention vs. control: 13 min/d; 95% CI: -14, 40; p: 0.33). Conclusions: A 12-wk physical activity intervention with a Fitbit and text messages is feasible and acceptable among CRC patients after treatment. Larger studies are needed to determine whether the intervention increases physical activity. Clinical trial information: NCT02966054.

Gender Differences in Response to a Physical Activity Intervention in Overweight and Obese Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S. Goldfield ◽  
Risa Mallory ◽  
Denis Prud’homme ◽  
Kristi B. Adamo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Activity Monitors

Background:This study evaluated the effects of gender on response to a behavioral intervention that rewarded increases in physical activity (PA) with increases in access to TV viewing.Methods:We performed a secondary analysis of a clinical trial that randomized 30 overweight or obese, 8- to 12-year-old children to an intervention (8 boys, 6 girls) or control (7 boys, 9 girls) group. Participants wore accelerometers every day for 8 weeks and attended biweekly meetings to download the activity monitors. For the intervention group, accumulating 400 counts of PA on accelerometers earned 1 hour of TV time, which was controlled by a Token TV electronic device. Controls wore activity monitors but had free access to T V.Results:Compared with girls, boys in the intervention group exhibited greater increases in overall daily PA counts (110% versus 40%, P < .05) and minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; +18.1 versus +2.7, P < .05). Neither boys nor girls in the control group showed significant changes in overall PA or intensity of PA.Conclusion:Wearing an accelerometer in combination with rewarding PA with TV might be a more effective intervention for increasing overall PA and time spent in MVPA in overweight and obese boys than it is for overweight or obese girls.

Promoting physical activity compliance in a low socioeconomic Latina population with chronic neurological disorders: A Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Garbin ◽  
Jesús Díaz ◽  
Vy Bui ◽  
Janina Morrison ◽  
Beth E Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Behavioral Coaching

BACKGROUND Physical activity is known to improve quality of life as well as reduce mortality and disease progression in individuals with chronic neurological disorders. However, Latinas are less likely to participate in recommended levels of physical activity due to common socioeconomic barriers including limited resources and access to exercise programs. Therefore, we developed a community-based intervention with activity-monitoring and behavioral coaching to target these barriers and facilitate sustained participation in an exercise program promoting physical activity. OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility and efficacy of a community-based intervention to promote physical activity (PA) through self-monitoring via a Fitbit and behavioral coaching in Latina participants with chronic neurological disorders. METHODS We conducted a proof-of-concept study in 21 Spanish-speaking Latina participants recruited from the Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California (LAC/USC) neurology clinic and enrolled in the 16-week intervention at The Wellness Center at The Historic General Hospital. Demographic data was assessed at baseline. Feasibility was defined by participant attrition and Fitbit adherence. Physical activity promotion was determined by examining change in time spent performing moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over the 16-week period. The effect of behavioral coaching was assessed by quantifying the difference in MVPA on days coaching occurred vs. days without coaching. Change in psychometric measures (baseline vs. post-intervention) and medical center visits (16-weeks pre-intervention vs. during intervention) were also examined. RESULTS Participants were of low socioeconomic status and acculturation. 19 participants completed the study (attrition 9.5%) with high Fitbit wear adherence (90.31%). Time performing moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) significantly increased throughout the study (P<0.001). Behavioral coaching enhanced intervention effectiveness as evidenced by a higher time spent in MVPA on days coaching occurred. Participants’ illness perception (Effect Size g=.30), self-rated quality-of-life (Effect Size g=.32), and medical center visit frequency (Effect Size r =.44) improved. CONCLUSIONS Self-monitoring with behavioral coaching is a feasible community-based intervention for PA promotion in low socioeconomic Latinas with chronic neurological conditions. PA is known to be important in brain health in neurological conditions but remains relatively unexplored in minority populations. CLINICALTRIAL Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT04820153

scholarly journals Children’s Weight Gain and Cardiovascular Fitness Loss over the Summer

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Brusseau ◽  
Ryan Burns
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Year ◽  
School Based ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Activity Programming ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Related Fitness

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of summer breaks on the body composition and cardiovascular fitness of elementary school children who participated in a multi-year school-based physical activity intervention. Participants were 404 children who had their height and weight measured and completed the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) during physical education classes at the beginning and end of the school year for three consecutive years. To examine the effects of time on health-related fitness data, general linear mixed effects models were employed. The results indicate that there was a trend toward an increase in body mass index (BMI) after the summer of 2015 (p = 0.958), and a significant increase in BMI after the summer of 2016 compared to time point 1 (p < 0.001). For PACER laps, there were trends toward decreases in PACER laps after the summers of 2015 (p = 0.515) and 2016 (p = 0.073). Summer breaks tended to attenuate the BMI and PACER lap improvements that were observed during the intervention. While school-based physical activity programming has had some successes in improving health-related fitness markers, the loss of these improvements over the summer is of concern to both practitioners and researchers. It is clear that additional efforts are needed to limit obesogenic behaviors during the summer months.

scholarly journals Action 3:30R: Results of a Cluster Randomised Feasibility Study of a Revised Teaching Assistant-Led Extracurricular Physical Activity Intervention for 8 to 10 Year Olds

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Jago ◽  
Byron Tibbitts ◽  
Emily Sanderson ◽  
Emma L. Bird ◽  
Alice Porter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
After School ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Programme Delivery

Many children are not sufficiently physically active. We conducted a cluster-randomised feasibility trial of a revised after-school physical activity (PA) programme delivered by trained teaching assistants (TAs) to assess the potential evidence of promise for increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Participants (n = 335) aged 8–10 years were recruited from 12 primary schools in South West England. Six schools were randomised to receive the intervention and six acted as non-intervention controls. In intervention schools, TAs were trained to deliver an after-school programme for 15 weeks. The difference in mean accelerometer-assessed MVPA between intervention and control schools was assessed at follow-up (T1). The cost of programme delivery was estimated. Two schools did not deliver the intervention, meaning four intervention and six control schools were analysed at T1. There was no evidence for a difference in MVPA at T1 between intervention and control groups. Programme delivery cost was estimated at £2.06 per pupil per session. Existing provision in the 12 schools cost £5.91 per pupil per session. Action 3:30 was feasible to deliver and considerably cheaper than existing after-school provision. No difference in weekday MVPA was observed at T1 between the two groups, thus progression to a full trial is not warranted.

scholarly journals A Pilot Intervention Using Gamification to Enhance Student Participation in Classroom Activity Breaks

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexie R. Beemer ◽  
Tiwaloluwa A. Ajibewa ◽  
Gabriel DellaVecchia ◽  
Rebecca E. Hasson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Student Participation ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Classroom Activity ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Health Enhancing Physical Activity

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding game design elements (goal setting, feedback, and external rewards) to an evidence-based physical activity intervention to increase in-class physical activity participation (intensity of activity breaks performed). Nine third- through sixth-grade classrooms (n = 292 students) in one elementary-middle school in Detroit, Michigan (49% female, 95% nonwhite; 80% qualified for free/reduced lunch) participated in this 20-week intervention where teachers implemented 5 × 4 min moderate-to-vigorous activity breaks per day. Gamification of activity breaks occurred during weeks 13–20 of the intervention and included the use of game design elements and classroom goals for activity break intensity. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during activity breaks was measured via direct observation. There was a significant effect of intervention with a 27% increase in student MVPA participation during the gamified intervention weeks compared with the standard intervention weeks (p = 0.03). Gamification of activity breaks resulted in 55% (compared with 25% during the standard intervention) of students accumulating approximately 20 min of health-enhancing physical activity per day in their classroom. These findings provide preliminary evidence that gamifying activity breaks may be an important strategy for increasing student participation in classroom activity breaks.

scholarly journals Correlates of Adiposity Among Latino Preschool Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Mendoza ◽  
Jessica McLeod ◽  
Tzu-An Chen ◽  
Theresa A. Nicklas ◽  
Tom Baranowski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Neighborhood Disorder ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Neighborhood Safety ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Obesity Interventions

Background:Childhood obesity is at record high levels in the US and disproportionately affects Latino children; however, studies examining Latino preschool children’s obesity-related risk factors are sparse. This study determined correlates of Latino preschoolers’ (ages 3–5 years) adiposity to inform future obesity interventions and policies.Methods:Latino preschoolers (n = 96) from 4 Head Start centers in Houston, Texas were recruited. Parents reported acculturation and neighborhood safety. Children’s and parents’ height and weight were measured. Children’s television (TV) viewing was measured by TV diaries and physical activity by accelerometers. Linear regression was used with body mass index (BMI) z-score as the dependent variable and covariates sequentially added and retained in 4 blocks: 1) child age, gender, parent education, and BMI; 2) neighborhood safety and parent and child acculturation; 3) TV viewing; and 4) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).Results:In the final model (n = 96), only neighborhood disorder (β = 0.30, P = .005) and MVPA (β = –0.21, P = .049) were significantly associated with BMI z-score.Conclusions:Among Latino preschoolers, higher neighborhood disorder and lower MVPA were associated with greater children’s BMI z-scores.

Control Group Improvements in Physical Activity Intervention Trials and Possible Explanatory Factors: A Systematic Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 884-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Waters ◽  
Marina Reeves ◽  
Brianna Fjeldsoe ◽  
Elizabeth Eakin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Behavioral Measurement ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Participant Characteristics ◽  
Intervention Trials

Background:Several recent physical activity intervention trials have reported physical activity improvements in control group participants. Explanations have been proposed, but not systematically investigated.Methods:A systematic review of physical activity intervention trials was conducted to investigate the frequency of meaningful improvements in physical activity among control group participants (increase of ≥ 60 minutes [4 MET·hours] of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week, or a 10% increase in the proportion of participants meeting physical activity recommendations), and possible explanatory factors. Explanatory factors include aspects of behavioral measurement, participant characteristics, and control group treatment.Results:Eight (28%) of 29 studies reviewed reported meaningful improvements in control group physical activity, most of which were of similar magnitude to improvements observed in the intervention group. A number of factors were related to meaningful control group improvements in physical activity, including the number of assessments, mode of measurement administration, screening to exclude active participants, and preexisting health status.Conclusions:Control group improvement in physical activity intervention trials is not uncommon and may be associated with behavioral measurement and participant characteristics. Associations observed in this review should be evaluated empirically in future research. Such studies may inform minimal contact approaches to physical activity promotion.

A Pilot Study Comparing Pedometer Counts with Reported Physical Activity in Elementary Schoolchildren

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Daily Step ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Daily Step Count

In this study pedometer counts were recorded for 6 consecutive days for 92 children (mean age = 9.6 years; range 6.5–12.7) and were compared with the number of minutes per day in which the participants engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Diaries filled out with the assistance of one of the children’s parents were used to determine minutes of MVPA. The average daily step count was significantly higher in boys than in girls, although the average daily MVPA engagement in minutes did not vary significantly between genders. Based on the regression equations, 60 min of MVPA was equivalent to 15,340 step counts in boys, 11,317 step counts in girls, and 13,130 step counts when results for both genders were combined. A moderate correlation (r = .39, p < .001) was found between pedometer step counts and reported minutes of MVPA. According to the present study findings, however, predictions and promotion of daily MVPA engagement in children based on pedometer counts per day should be made with caution.

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