Psychosocial Intervention and Practical Experience in Children and Adolescent before and after a Disaster

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum that can contaminate cereals and cereal-based foodstuff. Urinary DON levels can be used as biomarker for exposure assessment purposes. This study assessed urinary DON concentrations in Italian volunteers recruited by age group, namely children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. In addition, vulnerable groups, namely vegetarians and pregnant women, were included in the study. To determine the urinary DON, its glucuronide and de-epoxydated (DOM-1) forms, an indirect analytical approach was used, measuring free DON and total DON (as sum of free and glucuronides forms), before and after enzymatic treatment, respectively. Morning urine samples were collected on two consecutive days, from six different population groups, namely children, adolescent, adults, elderly, vegetarians and pregnant women. Total DON was measured in the 76% of the collected samples with the maximum incidences in children and adolescent age group. Urine samples from children and adolescent also showed the highest total DON levels, up to 17.0 ng/mgcreat. Pregnant women had the lowest positive samples per category (40% for day 1 and 43% for day 2, respectively), low mean levels of total DON (down to 2.84 ng/mgcreat) and median equal to 0 ng/mgcreat. Estimation of DON dietary intake reveals that 7.5% of the total population exceeds the TDI of 1 μg/kg bw/day set for DON, with children showing 40% of individuals surpassing this value (male, day 2).

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Numerical Optimization Simulation of Synchronous Four-Wing Rotor

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13235353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 5353

Author(s):

Kongshuo Wang ◽

Haichao Liu ◽

Tianhao Chang ◽

Deshang Han ◽

Yiren Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parametric Design ◽

Fitness Function ◽

Pso Algorithm ◽

Practical Experience ◽

Structure Design ◽

Before And After ◽

Optimization Simulation ◽

Distribution Index ◽

New Ideas ◽

Rotor Structure

The mixer is the most widely used batch mixing equipment in the rubber industry. The rotor is a core component and has a great impact on the mixing effect of the equipment. The current rotor structure design is done empirically, being tightly dependent on practical experience. This paper proposes a method for optimizing the rotor structure by using optimization algorithms combined with numerical simulation technology. Using MATLAB software, a parametric design program for synchronous rotors and a set of optimization programs for the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm were written. The global distribution index was used as the fitness function to optimize the synchronous rotor configuration. A comparative analysis of the rotors before and after optimization shows that the optimization process is feasible, and the results are reliable. This provides new ideas for the design and development of mixer rotors.

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Active involvement of patients in pharmacist education has a positive impact on students’ perspective: a pilot study

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-020-02241-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Caroline Hache ◽

Stéphane Honoré ◽

Guillaume Hache

Keyword(s):

Learning Outcomes ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Social Representations ◽

Active Form ◽

Practical Experience ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Educational Programme ◽

Active Involvement ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Patient-led education contributes to the implementation of practical experience of working with patients in health care professional curricula. There are few descriptions of patients’ involvement in pharmacists’ training and most often, the patients have been used as passive props to facilitate training. More recently, greater emphasis has been given to a more active form of patient involvement but the application in the curriculum of pharmacy has not been conceptualized. Thus, the aim of our study was to implement a workshop involving patients as partners in undergraduate pharmacy educational programme, and to evaluate its impact of on students’ perspectives. Method On a prospective observational study basis, the impact was assessed in terms of relevance, learning outcomes and achievement transfer using the Kirkpatrick training assessment method. In addition, we evaluated social representations of the students before and after the workshop. Results Ninety-four students attended the sessions. All participants were satisfied and emphasized the relevance of the involvement of patients. Postworkshop scores were significantly improved in both competencies to be acquired. At the end of the workshop, students reported two to three actions to implement in order to meet patients’ expectations, illustrating an intent to transfer learning outcomes in professional context. Interestingly, about patients’ expectations on pharmacist’s role, students’ social representations had evolved significantly after the session. Conclusion These results highlight the positive impact of the innovative workshops and the additive value of patients’ involvement in the pharmacy undergraduate programme.

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Sexuality and affectivity: Two themes in a psychosocial intervention for psychotics inpatients

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2106 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S568-S569

Author(s):

A. Vaccaro ◽

C. Zoppellaro ◽

V. Fusco

Keyword(s):

Intimate Relationships ◽

Psychosocial Intervention ◽

Group Leader ◽

Psychoeducational Intervention ◽

Risk Awareness ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Psychopharmacological Treatment ◽

Before And After ◽

Isolation Condition ◽

Competing Interest

The aim of this project is about valuing these themes, not only in order to increase physiological genres knowledge or the responsible use of contraceptives, but is mainly about growing sexual psychosocial features awareness. Treating these themes in a psychoeducational intervention means: minimize sexually-transmitted diseases, prevent psychotic patients from quitting psychopharmacological treatment and favour the birth and the development of intimate relationships that may help patients leaving an unhelpful isolation condition.Increase the awareness of different sexual and affection aspects: physiological, anatomic and reproductive, relational and communicative, emotional, social and cultural, playful and pleasant ones.The 18 meetings interventions were done using a psychoeducational model; an active leading group manner (role plays and simulations) was used in order to ease the exchange of views between patients and the group leader.We did a first round of meetings with ten patients who participated actively; we also submitted to them a questionnaire – before and after the intervention – in which we collected knowledge and opinions about different themes (contraceptives, risk awareness, affective relationships etc.).From a qualitative analysis of the results we saw a knowledge-improvement about the dealt themes, and also, in some cases, we identified a modification in some problematic behaviours. The sample it's still too small for statistical analysis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Predictive Biological Markers in Post-therapeutic Evolution in Obese Patients

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.11.6679 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (11) ◽

pp. 3048-3051

Author(s):

Laura Mihaela Trandafir ◽

Ginel Baciu ◽

Maria Magdalena Leon Constantin ◽

Alexandra Mastaleru ◽

Oana Raluca Temneanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Hypocaloric Diet ◽

Health Concern ◽

Obese Children ◽

Children And Adolescent ◽

Regional Center ◽

Diet And Exercise ◽

Diet And Physical Activity ◽

Before And After ◽

Group 2

Childhood obesity is a leading public health concern because it represents a risk factor for many comorbid conditions in youth, such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and sleep apnea. The purposes of the study were to evaluate the effect of the program at 6 months after the first visit and determine the predictive factors. We realised a retrospective study that included 69 obese children and adolescent, boys and girls, followed-up at Saint Mary Children�s Hospital and Regional Center of Diagnosis, Counselling and Monitoring of Overweight and Obese Children from �Grigore T. Popa� University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Romania, aged 12 to 18 years. The patients were included in two groups: group 1 included 38 patients receveived a hypocaloric diet only and group 2 included 31 patients received a hypocaloric diet associated with kinetotherapy and psychoterapy. We evaluated the body mass index, total cholesterol and tryglicerides before and after treatment. Our results confirm that diet and physical activity affects significantly the serum lipid profile. In this context, decreasing obesity in children through diet and exercise should be an important strategy for preventing cardio-metabolical disease in adult.

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Preparing Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy Students for Work-Related Practice: A Clinical Education Initiative at One Australian University

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice ◽

10.46743/1540-580x/2013.1426 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Kerry Adam ◽

Jenny Strong ◽

Lucinda Chipchase

Keyword(s):

Clinical Education ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Practical Experience ◽

Clinical Learning ◽

Prevention Services ◽

Work Related ◽

Clinical Educators ◽

Before And After ◽

Parametric Statistics ◽

The University

Purpose: Despite increasing numbers of novice occupational therapists (OTs) and physiotherapists (PTs) entering work-related practice since the early 2000s, clinical learning opportunities are often limited due to legal and insurance issues. In response, clinical educators at The University of Queensland, Australia, developed an industry consultancy service to provide clinical learning for students in this field. Students delivered injury prevention services with supervision from experienced educators. This paper describes the program and an evaluation of student learning. Method: Twenty-six students (10 OTs and 16 PTs) participated voluntarily in an evaluation of the program during 2008 and 2009. Surveys pre and post-placement included open and closed questions that sought students’ knowledge of work-related practice and perceptions of practitioner roles. Knowledge was assessed with 20 questions on work-related practice. Differences in knowledge before and after the placement were analysed with non-parametric statistics. Open ended responses were subject to manual thematic analysis. Results: Students demonstrated a good understanding of the roles and tasks undertaken by practitioners in this field pre-placement. Their knowledge of work-related practice significantly increased following the placement (p< 0.05). Half of the students reported that their expectations for the placement had been met. Open ended responses provided students’ perceptions of the program, both positive and negative. Conclusions: This clinical learning experience in work-related practice for OT and PT students provided a novel practical experience. Students demonstrated a good understanding of professional roles in the field and post-placement increased their understanding of work-related practice. The model provided a valuable method that ensures OT and PT students experienced work-related practice prior to graduation.

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Implementation of a Quality and Patient Safety Curriculum for Pathology Residency Training

Academic Pathology ◽

10.1177/2374289521998046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 237428952199804

Author(s):

Suneeti Sapatnekar ◽

Ryan Demkowicz ◽

Deborah J. Chute

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Residency Training ◽

Chief Resident ◽

Practical Experience ◽

Independent Practice ◽

Safety Education ◽

Quality Initiatives ◽

Before And After ◽

Quality And Patient Safety ◽

Patient Safety Education

Quality and Patient Safety education for resident physicians is necessary to prepare them for independent practice and to meet accreditation requirements. Integrating such education into the residents’ routine work can provide them with valuable practical experience, while advancing the institution’s quality priorities. We committed to Quality and Patient Safety education for our pathology residents but found no published program that met their specific needs. To fill this gap in pathology residency education, we designed and implemented a new curriculum that spans the 4-year duration of residency training. Curriculum content was drawn from the pathology milestones, and educational strategies were based on the principles of adult learning. The curriculum was implemented in the 2018 to 19 academic year, and residents were assessed before and after their participation. The residents engaged in several Quality and Patient Safety activities and projects under faculty supervision, and improved their scores on objective assessments (Quality and Patient Safety quiz and in-service examination). Implementation was facilitated by a Quality and Patient Safety chief resident, and the recruitment of faculty with demonstrated Quality and Patient Safety interest. Our comprehensive Quality and Patient Safety curriculum is feasible to implement and can help pathology residents develop the knowledge and skills needed to lead quality initiatives. We believe that the curriculum framework is readily adaptable to other residency programs.

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Assessing Vocal Chanting as an Online Psychosocial Intervention

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647632 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Felicity Maria Simpson ◽

Gemma Perry ◽

William Forde Thompson

Keyword(s):

Psychosocial Intervention ◽

Social Connectedness ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽

Control Task ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The Social ◽

Before And After ◽

Online Format

The ancient practice of chanting typically takes place within a community as a part of a live ceremony or ritual. Research suggests that chanting leads to improved mood, reduced stress, and increased wellbeing. During the global pandemic, many chanting practices were moved online in order to adhere to social distancing recommendations. However, it is unclear whether the benefits of live chanting occur when practiced in an online format. The present study assessed the effects of a 10-min online chanting session on stress, mood, and connectedness, carried out either in a group or individually. The study employed a 2 (chanting vs. control) × 2 (group vs. individual) between-subjects design. Participants (N = 117) were pseudo-randomly allocated across the four conditions. Before and after participation, individuals completed the Spielberg’s State Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Social Connectedness Scale and Aron’s Inclusion of Self in Other Scale. Online chanting led to a significant reduction in stress and an increase in positive affect when compared to the online control task. Participants who took part in group chanting also felt more connected to members of their chanting group than participants in the control group. However, feelings of general connectedness to all people remained similar across conditions. The investigation provides evidence that online chanting may be a useful psychosocial intervention, whether practiced individually or in a group.

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