Grain Quality of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) ‘Menthik Wangi’ of Organic Farming Yields

Organic rice is believed to have better nutrition than conventional rice. Not all organic rice grain is consumed. Most of the organic cultivation yields will be used as seed. Viability test is one of the quality test of rice seed. Viability is seed vitality that can be shown as a physiological and biochemical phenomenon. Seed that have high vigor will achieve high productivity levels as well. The aims of this research was to analyze the quality of rice cultivar Menthik Wangi of organic farming yields. The quality of rice seeds was tested by measuring the viability of seed and crude fat content. The test results demonstrate the viability of the grain has a 100% germination, 100% growth potential maximum, 99.33%, simultaneity grew, 97.33% vigor index, T50 2.33, and seed moisture content 10.67%. The fat content was conducted by soxhlet method and analyzed by T-test. The results showed that organic rice has a higher fat content (0.53%) than non-organic rice (0.24%). It can be concluded that rice seed cultivar Menthik Wangi of organic farming has a higher viability and fat content than the non-organic rice grain.

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Nutritional Quality of Organically Grown Food Crops

10.31220/osf.io/ve8gh ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jayalakshmi Mitnala

Keyword(s):

Organic Farming ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Organic Food ◽

Food Crops ◽

Organic Cultivation ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Organically Grown ◽

Organic Produce

In India, with less than 42,000 ha under certified organic farming during 2003-04, the area under organic farming grew by almost 25 fold, during the next 5 years, to 1.2 million ha during 2008-09. Later, however, the area under certified organic farming has fluctuated between 0.78-1.1 million ha. Presently, about 0.7 million ha area is under certified organic cultivation and India ranks 4th in terms of largest areas of organic agricultural land (Willer and Julia, 2016). During 2014-15, India had the largest number of organic producers of about 0.65 million and accounted for 1.35 million tons of certified organic produce. India exported 135 products during 2014-15 with the total volume of 263687 MT. The organic food export realization was around 298 million USD.

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Peningkatan Performa Viabilitas Benih Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Dengan Organik Priming Ekstrak Tauge

EnviroScienteae ◽

10.20527/es.v16i2.9662 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 309

Author(s):

Nove Arisandi ◽

Raihani Wahdah ◽

Gusti Rusmayadi

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Bean Sprout ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Interaction Factor ◽

Seed Growth ◽

Long Time ◽

Biochemical Condition

Quality seed is one of the determining factors of successful agricultural cultivation. Seeds that have been stored for a long time will experience seed deterioration, which is characterized by a decrease in seed viability. Improving seed viability can be done by seed invigoration. One of the seed invigoration techniques is organic priming by using organic substances extracts that are rich in phytohormones such as auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellins. The purpose of Organic priming is to improve the seed physiological and biochemical condition that related to growing speed, growing simultaneity, and germination. Mung bean sprout extract can be used as an extract for organic priming because it is proven to contain phytohormones. This study aims to determine the interaction between varieties and concentrations of bean sprout extracts and the best combination of varieties and extract concentrations on the viability of rice seeds. The research was carried out in April - June 2020 at the Laboratory of Agricultura Biology, Agriculture Faculty, Lambung Mangkurat University. The experiment was arranged based on Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) 4x6 with Three replications. The variables observed were seeds germination, simultaneity of seedlings growth and speed of seedlings growth. The results showed that the interaction factor between varieties and concentration had a very significant effect on increasing seed viability and the best combination was found in Baroma varieties with concentrations of 20 % and if concentrations higher or lower than 20 % performance of rice seed viability will decrease. The highest percentage of seed germination was found in Baroma varieties with a concentration of 20 % (v4k3), which is 82.67 % not significantly different from Baroma varieties with a concentration of 10 % (v4k2) and INPARA 3 varieties with a concentration of 20 % (v1k3). The highest percentage of simultaneity of seed growth was found in Baroma varieties with a concentration of 20 % (v4k3), which is 81.50 % not significantly different from Baroma varieties with a concentration of 10 % (v4k2), Mutant line No. 14 with a concentration of 20 % (v3k3), and INPARA 3 variety with a concentration of 20 % (v1k3), while the fastest percentage of seed growth rate is in Baroma with a concentration of 20 % (v4k3), which is 29.50% significantly different from all varieties and other bean sprout extract concentrations.

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Effect of planting time and nitrogen application on the yield and seed quality of T. Aman rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v38i4.19660 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 673-688

Author(s):

ASMI Hussain ◽

MM Hoque ◽

MN Huda ◽

D Hossain ◽

M Shahjahan

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Optimum Time ◽

Spikelet Sterility ◽

Late Planting ◽

Planting Time

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during June 2006 to December 2007 to find out the effect of planting time and nitrogen fertilization on the yield and seed quality of T. Aman rice. BR11 ( Mukta) was transplanted at different dates from 5 July to 19 August at 15 days interval. The rates of N used in the experiment were 80, 100, 120, and 140 kg N/ha,. Plant height, number of tillers/hill, grain yield, and yield components parameters varied significantly due to transplanting of rice at variable dates. The optimum time of planting was found to be 4 August compared to other dates of transplanting. Result indicates that this variety planted in optimum time gave higher yield with high quality of rice seed. In comparison to early and late planting, earlier planting of the variety was better as the late planted crops were severely affected by adverse environmental condition during reproductive phase. The poor grain yield in early or late planting was due to higher percentage of spikelet sterility. The varieties responded positively with increment of N levels upto 120 kg N/ha. The higher number of panicles/m2, lower percentage of unfilled grain, and heavier individual grain contributed to increase grain yield of this verity. It is, therefore, suggested to transplant BR11 rice in the first week of August in Aman season. The application of N of 100 -120 kg/ha with three splits is optimum for achieving higher grain yield and better quality of rice seed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i4.19660 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(4): 673-688, December 2013

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Harvesting Criteria and Drying Methods to Improve the Quality of Foxtail Millet Seeds (Setaria italica L. Beauv.)

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.8.03.168-176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (03) ◽

pp. 168-176

Author(s):

Putri Aulia Lainufar ◽

Abdul Qadir ◽

M. Rahmad Suhartanto ◽

Sintho Wahyuning Ardie

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Growth Speed ◽

Vigor Index

Foxtail millet is annual grasses with grains that are smaller than those of sorghum, rice, and wheat, and is considered one of the minor economic crops but with nutritional values similar to other major food crops. The development of millet as major cereal crop is considered challenging due to the low quality of its seeds, and studies have been conducted to improve millet’s seed quality. We conducted this study to determine the harvesting criteria of foxtail millet seeds based on the change in color of the panicles. We also wanted to determine the drying treatment, and evaluate the relationship between the position of the seed on the panicles and the seed viability and vigor. The first experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with panicle color as the first factor (green, yellow 75%, and brown) and drying time as the second factor (0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours). The second experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with seed position as the main factor (base, middle, tip). The study was conducted on two genotypes of millet, i.e. “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10”. The highest seed quality of “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10” genotypes were obtained when the panicles were brown and dried for 72 hours; the seed chlorophyll content was the lowest and water content was 8.88%, with the highest viability and vigor, i.e., germination rate of 88.3%-90%, maximum growth potential of 92%-95.3%, normal sprout dry weight 596-620 mg, vigor index of 33.6% - 21.6%, and growth rate of 18.2%-17.1% etmal-1. The highest seed viability and vigor in “BOTOK 4” genotypes were obtained from the base position, i.e., 78.7% germination rate, maximum growth potential of 83.7%, vigor index of 56.5%, growth speed of 19.6 etmal-1, normal sprout dry weight of 48 mg, radicle length of 3.3 cm) and “BOTOK 10” genotypes from the middle position with 91.5% germination, maximum growth potential of 97.2%, vigor index of 21.7%, growth speed of 17.0% etmal-1, and normal sprout dry weight 61 mg.

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O GRAU DE UMIDADE NA COLHEITA E O SISTEMA DE SECAGEM SÃO DETERMINANTES PARA O VIGOR DE SEMENTES DE ARROZ

ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA ◽

10.17224/energagric.2021v36n1p28-40 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 28-40

Author(s):

Jaquelini Garcia ◽

Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Mechanical Damage ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Drying System

O GRAU DE UMIDADE NA COLHEITA E O SISTEMA DE SECAGEM SÃO DETERMINANTES PARA O VIGOR DE SEMENTES DE ARROZ JAQUELINI GARCIA1, CILEIDE MARIA MEDEIROS COELHO1 1Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção vegetal, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88520-000, Lages, SC, Brasil, [email protected], [email protected] RESUMO: O grau de umidade na colheita e o sistema de secagem podem ser determinantes na qualidade das sementes produzidas. Neste trabalho foi avaliado se o sistema de secagem e o grau de umidade na colheita interferem na qualidade fisiológica das sementes de arroz. Foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial triplo. Foi utilizada seis cultivares produzidas no Alto Vale do Itajaí/SC na safra 2016/17 com grau de umidade na colheita igual ou superior a 17% (19,30 - 17,30%) e inferior a 17% (16,40 - 15,03%) (base úmida). As sementes foram submetidas aos sistemas de secagem estacionário e intermitente. Realizou-se testes de germinação, viabilidade, vigor pelo envelhecimento acelerado e frio. Sementes colhidas com grau de umidade ≥ 17% apresentaram maior vigor. A cultivar foi um fator de grande relevância na sensibilidade ao dano térmico e mecânico. O sistema de secagem não afetou a viabilidade das sementes, com exceção da cultivar SCS122 Miura que foi sensível a dano térmico e mecânico. A secagem estacionária comprometeu a qualidade fisiológica. Conclui-se que a secagem intermitente e a colheita com grau de umidade igual ou superior a 17%, mantém a qualidade fisiológica das cultivares SCSBRS Tio Taka, SCS122 Miura, SCS116 Satoru e SCS121 CL. Palavras-chaves: Secagem estacionária, secagem intermitente, qualidade fisiológica. THE DEGREE OF MOISTURE IN THE HARVEST AND THE DRYING SYSTEM ARE DETERMINANT FOR THE RICE SEED VIGOR ABSTRACT: The degree of moisture at harvest and the drying system can determine the quality of the seeds produced. In this work, it was evaluated whether the drying system and the degree of moisture at harvest affect the physiological quality of rice seeds. It was conducted in a completely randomized design in a triple factorial scheme. Six cultivars produced in Alto Vale do Itajaí/SC in the 2016/17 crop were used, with moisture content at harvest equal or greater than 17% (19.30 – 17.30%) and less than 17% (16,40 - 15,03%) (wet basis). Seeds were submitted to stationary and intermittent drying systems. Tests of germination, viability, vigor by accelerated aging and cold were performed. Seeds harvested with moisture content ≥ 17% showed greater vigor. The cultivar was a factor of great relevance in the sensitivity to thermal and mechanical damage. The drying system did not affect seed viability, except for the cultivar SCS122 Miura, which was sensitive to thermal and mechanical damage. Stationary drying compromised physiological quality. It was concluded that intermittent drying and harvesting with moisture content equal or greater than 17% maintain the physiological quality of the SCSBRS Tio Taka, SCS122 Miura, SCS116 Satoru and SCS121 CL cultivars. Keywords: Stationary drying, intermittent drying, physiological quality.

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Identification of two stably expressed QTLs for fat content in rice (Oryza sativa)

Genome ◽

10.1139/g2012-045 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 55 (8) ◽

pp. 585-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yingyue Shen ◽

Wenwei Zhang ◽

Xi Liu ◽

Liangming Chen ◽

Shijia Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Fat Content ◽

Marker Assisted Breeding ◽

Substitution Lines ◽

Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines ◽

Backcross Inbred Lines ◽

Segment Substitution

Fat content (FC) is an important component of the nutritional quality of the rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain and a partial determinant of grain quality. Three FC QTLs were identified from an analysis of a set of rice ‘Kasalath’/‘Koshihikari’ backcross inbred lines, which were grown in three independent environments. Two of these QTLs (qFC7.1 and qFC7.2) were located on chromosome 7, and they were detected in all three environments. The presence of qFC7.1 and qFC7.2 was further confirmed by testing a set of ‘Kasalath’ (donor) / ‘Koshihikari’ (recipient) chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) across six environments. Both QTLs significantly increased grain FC and they might be involved in lipid metabolism. The two QTLs were stably expressed in a number of environments and populations, making them suitable candidates for the improvement of FC via marker assisted breeding.

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Semi-organic Rice Farming as a Transition Period to Organic Rice Farming

Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian ◽

10.35138/paspalum.v9i1.277 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

D. Yadi Heryadi ◽

Betty Rofatin ◽

Zulfikar Noormansyah

Keyword(s):

Organic Farming ◽

Transition Period ◽

Transitional Period ◽

Survey Method ◽

Rice Farming ◽

Organic Farm ◽

Organic Rice ◽

Organic Cultivation ◽

Organic Farmers ◽

Economical Aspect

Organic rice farming aims to achieve sustainable agriculture. It considers social, economic and environmental aspects. However, in practice, farmers experience various technical and economic constraints upon converting non-organic agriculture practice to organic rice farming. The alternative method is to implement semi-organic farming as a transitional period. The purpose of this study is to review technical / production and economic aspects of non-organic, semi-organic, and organic farming. It is conducted to determine whether semi-organic farming could be utilized as a transition period to organic rice farming. The study used a survey method on 75 farmers working in non-organic, semi organic, and organic farm in Priangan Timur, West Java Province, Indonesia. Article’s result exhibited that, in terms of technical cultivation / production, the majority of semi-organic farmers had carried out the stages of organic cultivation. It generated higher productivity compared to non-organic farming. However, productivity remained below organic farming. In terms of economical aspect, income per hectare and R / C value are higher than non-organic farming. However, it is below organic farming. Semi-organic farming could be used as a transition to organic farming.

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Genetic Improvement of Grain Quality Promoted by High and New Technology in Rice

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n1p81 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Bo Peng ◽

Jun Li ◽

Dong-Yan Kong ◽

Lu-Lu He ◽

Meng-Ge Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Improvement ◽

Grain Quality ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

New Technology ◽

Rice Grain ◽

New Techniques ◽

Genomic Editing

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as one of the most important food crops all over the world. Because of the improvement of the actual living standards, there is more and more demand for improved grain quality. Although, the grain quality is a very complex quantitative trait in rice, it has great scientific significance and practical application value for the improvement of the quality of rice grain using high and up to date techniques. Here, we focus on the new advances in the application of the genetic improvement of grain quality by high throughput sequencing, genomic editing, near infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and other new techniques. Simultaneously, the application prospects of these high and up to date techniques have also been expected in the genetic improvement of rice quality. Thus, this will provide important information for genetic improvement of grain quality in rice breeding.

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Pengaruh Bahan Invigorasi dan Lama Perendaman pada Benih Padi Kadaluarsa (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v4i1.10361 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 169-183

Author(s):

Resti Afdharani ◽

Hasanuddin Hasanuddin ◽

Bakhtiar Bakhtiar

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Rice Seeds ◽

Unit Unit ◽

Banda Aceh ◽

Significant Data

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan invigorasi dan lama perendaman serta interaksi keduanya terhadap viabilitas benih padi kadaluarsa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakaan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Jurusan Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh dari bulan Juli sampai bulan Agustus 2018. Unit-unit penelitian disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 4x3 dengan 3 ulangan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) taraf 5% pada hasil uji F yang signifikan. Faktor pertama adalah bahan invigorasi dengan 4 jenis bahan yaitu Aquades, PEG, KNO3, dan Air kelapa. Faktor kedua adalah lama perendaman dengan 3 taraf yaitu 12, 24 dan 48 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan invigorasi terbaik terdapat pada bahan invigorasi menggunakan PEG. Lama perendaman tidak berpengaruh terhadap viabilitas benih padi kadaluarsa. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik antara bahan invigorasi dan lama perendaman untuk invigorasi benih padi kadaluarsa pada penelitian ini terdapat pada bahan invigorasi menggunakan PEG dan lama perendaman 24 jam.The Effect of Invigorating Material and Soaking Periods on Expired Rice Seeds (Oryza sativa L.) againts Viability and Vigor SeedsAbstract. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of invigoration technique and soaking duration and interaction between them on the expired rice seed viability. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology Department of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from July to August 2018. Treatment units were arranged in Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 4x3 in 3 replications, and the significant data was continued analized by Honestly Significant Different (HSD). The first factor was the invigoration technique that used 4 substance i.e Aquades, PEG, KNO3, and coconut water. While the second factor was duration of soaking i.e 12, 24 and 48 hours. The result showed the best concentration for invigoration was one used PEG, while the duration for soaking was not effect on invigoration. The best combination for invigoration of expired rice seeds on this research was PEG and 24 hours of soaking duration.

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