scholarly journals Epidemiological features of brucellosis and factors affecting its treatment failure and relapse in Qom Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi ◽  
Abedin Saghafipour ◽  
Amir Hamta ◽  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Atefeh Maghsoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Delayed Initiation ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Brucellosis is one of the major health problems in many areas of the world, especially in the Mediterranean and the Middle East regions.Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics, clinical signs, and risk factors of relapse rate in patients with brucellosis, Qom Province, Iran.Methods: A descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 410 confirmed brucellosis cases in Qom Province, central Iran, from 2015 to 2019, based on epidemiological checklists and according to the Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME). Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted using Stata software version 14.Results: The relapse rate of brucellosis was 6.6% until nine months after s arting the treatment, and all recurrent cases were infected by Brucella melitensis. Based on univariate logistic regression analysis, the delayed treatment and type species of Brucella were significant factors affecting the relapse of brucellosis. The relapse rates were 5.4%, 6.2%, and 20.0% in patients whose delayed treatments were <50, 51-150, and >151days, respectively. Based on the multiple logistic regression, it was observed that delayed treatment >50 days increased the rate of relapse more than four times.Conclusion: The delayed initiation of treatment was a significant factor influencing the relapse of brucellosis; therefore, it is necessary to provide enough diagnostic and laboratory facilities, and people need to be educated about the signs and symptoms of the disease.

scholarly journals Adolescent motherhood in Bangladesh: Evidence from 2007 BDHS data

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Mostafa Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Adolescent Motherhood ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
First Time

This paper examines the factors affecting adolescent motherhood in Bangladesh using the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data. Overall, 69.3 per cent of the married adolescents began childbearing. Among them 56.4 per cent were already mothers and 12.9per cent were pregnant for the first time. Of the adult married women age 20–49, 62.1 per cent initiated childbearing before age 19. The multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that women’s education, husband’s education, place of residence, ever use of contraceptive method, religion, wealth and region are important determinants of adolescent motherhood in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Caries prevalence of the first permanent molars in 6–8 years old children

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245345
Author(s):  
Fudong Zhu ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Yunxian Yu ◽  
Yanyi Xie ◽  
Haihua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
First Permanent Molars

Dental caries is one of the most common infectious diseases affecting 6–8-year-old children, especially their first permanent molars (FPMs). This study explored the prevalence of dental caries on FPMs by analyzing the oral health status of 1,423,720 children aged 6–8 years in Zhejiang Province, China. The data were extracted from the dental electronic records of the schoolchildren attending the Oral Health Promotion Project (OHPP), conducted during 2013–2017 in Zhejiang Province. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the factors affecting dental caries. Boys and girls accounted for 53.2% and 46.8% of the subjects, respectively. From 2013 to 2017, the prevalence of dental caries on FPMs increased: 2013: 20.4%; 2014: 25.3%; 2015: 24.5%; 2016: 27.0%; and 2017: 29.0%, despite the OHPP conducted. Based on multiple logistic regression model, girls had a significantly higher risk of FPM caries compared to boys (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.37–1.39, p < 0.0001); compared with the caries rates in urban areas, the caries risk was significantly higher in rural areas (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.14–1.16, p < 0.0001). In terms of geographic location in Zhejiang Province, the odds ratios of the caries risk of the east, south, west, and north were 1.35 (1.33–1.36), 1.3 (1.28–1.31), 0.81 (0.8–0.83), and 0.82 (0.81–0.84), respectively (p < 0.0001), by considering the central region as a reference. The caries prevalence of FPMs was high, with an increasing tendency and gender, social, cultural, and environmental factors affecting the caries prevalence.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Stages of Frailty among Korean Older Adults Focusing on Objective and Subjective Social Isolation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Yi Han ◽  
Hye Young Jang ◽  
Young Ko
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background: Although many studies have investigated the factors influencing frailty, studies on factors affecting transition between frailty stages are insufficient. This study was conducted to identify factors influencing the stages of frailty in Korean older adults, focusing on objective and subjective social isolation. Methods: This study analyzed the data of 10,041 older adults from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans. Two multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors influencing the frailty stages.Results: Among Korean older adults, 6% were in a frail stage, and 42.5% were in the pre-frail stage. The progression to the pre-frail stage was influenced by sociodemographic and health-related characteristics and by objective and subjective social isolation. Contrastingly, the transition from the pre-frail to frail stage was influenced by factors including objective social isolation, declining hearing, and lack of regular exercise.Conclusions: In the development of future interventions, researchers should consider differences in factors that influence the stages of frailty among Korean older adults. Interventions that help older people maintain existing social relationships or connect to new social networks can delay the transition from the pre-frail to frail stages.

scholarly journals Emerging Psychosis and the Family

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hambrecht
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Family System ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychosocial Risks ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Schizophrenias hold a special position among psychotic disorders. Schizophrenias often start in early adulthood and bear considerable psychosocial risks and consequences. Several years of nonpsychotic clinical signs and symptoms and growing distress for patient and significant others may pass by before definite diagnosis. Young males in particular often experience their first episode while still living in their primary families. Thus, the whole family system is involved. In worldwide initiatives on early detection and early intervention, near-psychotic prodromal symptoms as well as deficits of thought and perception, observable by the affected person himself, were found to be particularly predictive of psychosis. Various psychological and social barriers as well as ones inherent to the disease impede access to affected persons. Building trust and therapeutic alliance are extremely important for counseling, diagnostics, and therapy. The indication for strategies of intervention differs from the early to the late prodromal stage, depending on proximity to psychosis. For psychotherapy versus pharmacotherapy, the first evidence of effectiveness has been provided. A false-positive referral to treatment and other ethical concerns must be weighed against the risks of delayed treatment.

scholarly journals Detection of Geometric Risk Factors Affecting Head-On Collisions through Multiple Logistic Regression: Improving Two-Way Rural Road Design via 21 Road Adaptation+

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6598
Author(s):  
Laura Cáceres ◽  
Miguel A. Fernández ◽  
Alfonso Gordaliza ◽  
Aquilino Molinero
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Road Design

This study aims to characterize locations on two-way rural roads where head-on crashes are more likely to occur, attending to geometric road design factors. For this purpose, a case-control study was carried out using multiple logistic regression models with variables related to road design parameters, considering several scenarios. The dataset corresponding to cases (places where crashes have occurred) was collected on Spanish “1+1” rural roads over a four-year period. The controls (places where no crashes have occurred in the period) where randomly selected through a specific ad hoc designed method. The obtained model identifies risk factors and allows the computation of the odds of a head-on collision on any specific road section: width of the pavement (when it exceeds 6 m), width of the lanes (for intermediate widths between 3.25 and 3.75 m) and tight curves (less than 250 m of radius) are identified as factors significantly increasing the odds of a crash, whereas a paved shoulder is a protective factor. The identified configurations on two-way rural roads may be susceptible to transformation into “2+1” roads to decrease the odds of a head-on crash, thus preventing possible serious injuries and enhancing transportation safety.

scholarly journals Anti-Müllerian hormone predictive levels to determine the likelihood of ovarian hyper-response in infertile women with polycystic ovarian morphology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Akbari Sene ◽  
Mahnaz Ashrafi ◽  
Nasim Alaghmand-Fard ◽  
Neda Mohammadi ◽  
Mona Mortezapour Alisaraie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Ovarian Morphology

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to investigate how the serum levels of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in normal-ovulatory infertile women with polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is associated with ovarian hyper-response? Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out on 100 infertile women with PCOM who were treated by antagonist/agonist-triggered stimulation protocol in Shahid Akbar-Abadi Hospital IVF center, Tehran, Iran. Serum AMH levels were measured before starting the ART cycle and the ovarian hyper-response was evaluated by retrieved oocyte numbers, estradiol levels on triggering day and the incidence of OHSS clinical signs and symptoms. Logistic regression and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to estimate the effects of AMH and accuracy of test. Results: ROC curve analysis showed that AMH had a significant performance to predict ovarian hyper-response in PCOM patients (AUC = 0.73). The estimated threshold value was 4.95 ng/ml, specificity was 74.58% (95%CI: [50.85, 93.22]), and sensitivity was 73.17% (95%CI: [48.78, 92.68]). The results of logistic regression showed that there was a significant interaction between AMH and BMI (P = 0.008) so BMI had a moderation effect. In other words, the AMH cut-off values to predict the ovarian hyper-response were different for different BMI. Conclusions: Considering the AMH cut-offs for different BMI categories would be valuable to adapt a tailored, effective and safe stimulation program for infertile women with PCOM.

scholarly journals Survival and prognostic factors in cats with restrictive cardiomyopathy: a review of 90 cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1138-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Locatelli ◽  
Danitza Pradelli ◽  
Giulia Campo ◽  
Ilaria Spalla ◽  
Alice Savarese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cox Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objectives Large studies focusing on restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) in the cat are scarce. The aims of this retrospective study were to describe epidemiological characteristics and to analyse prognostic factors affecting survival in cats with RCM. Methods The clinical archives of the Gran Sasso Veterinary Clinic (Milan, Italy) and of the cardiology unit of the Department of Veterinary Medicine (University of Milan, Italy) from 1997–2015 were reviewed for all cats diagnosed with RCM based on an echocardiographic examination (left atrial/biatrial enlargement, normal left ventricle wall thickness, normal or mildly decreased systolic function and restrictive left ventricle filling pattern with pulsed Doppler echocardiography). Results The study population comprised 90 cats (53 male, 37 female) with an echocardiographic diagnosis of RCM. Most were domestic shorthairs (n = 60) with a mean ± SD age of 10.0 ± 4.3 years and a median weight of 3.8 kg (interquartile range 3.2–5 kg). Most cats were symptomatic (n = 87). The most common clinical sign was respiratory distress (n = 75). Follow-up was available for 60 cats and the median survival time (MST) was 69 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 0–175 days). Cardiac-related death occurred in 50 cats. In the multivariate Cox analysis only respiratory distress showed a statistically significant effect on survival. The cats without respiratory distress showed an MST of 466 days (95% CI 0–1208); cats with respiratory distress showing an MST of 64 days (95% CI 8–120; P = 0.011). Conclusions and relevance RCM can be considered an end-stage condition associated with a poor prognosis, with few cats not showing clinical signs and surviving >1 year. Most cats died of cardiac disease within a very short time.

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