scholarly journals Importance socioéconomique des parcs agroforestiers à Elaeis guineensis Jacq. dans la région de Cacheu (Guinée-Bissau)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3289-3306
Author(s):  
Boubacar Sagna ◽  
Daouda Ngom ◽  
Mamadou Abdoul Ader Diedhiou ◽  
Boubacar Camara ◽  
Mamadou Goudiaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Palmier À Huile ◽  
Agroforestry Parklands ◽  
The Many

La Guinée-Bissau recèle d’importants parcs agroforestiers à Elaeis guineensis. Ces palmeraies sont très exploitées pour les nombreux biens, services et produits qu’elles procurent aux communautés locales de la région de Cacheu. Cependant l’importance de ces parcs est très peu étudiée et est souvent limitée à quelques services et produits fournis par le palmier à huile. C’est ainsi que la présente étude se fixe pour objectif de contribuer à l’évaluation de l’importance socioéconomique de ces parcs à Elaeis guineensis dans la région de Cacheu. Pour ce faire, un inventaire forestier a été réalisé dans 90 placettes carrées de 2500m2. En plus, une enquête socioéconomique été réalisée auprès de 15% de la population active de 14 villages dans lesquels une enquête ethnobotanique a également été faite à travers un focus groupe. Ces différentes méthodes combinées ont permis de constater une richesse spécifique de 75 espèces ligneuses dans les parcs. L’espèce caractéristique des parcs, Elaeis guineensis est exploitée sur toutes ses composantes pour divers usages contribuant ainsi à l’amélioration du bien-être social de la population notamment dans l’alimentation, la santé et l’économie locale. Les autres espèces accompagnatrices ont aussi une importance capitale dans la vie de la population locale. D’autres activités telles que l’agriculture pluviale, l’élevage, la chasse, la production maraîchère, la pharmacopée, les activités culturelles et cultuelles, etc. sont aussi pratiquées dans la palmeraie. D’où la nécessité d’exploiter durablement ces parcs afin de pérenniser tous ces avantages.Mots clés : Services écosystémiques, palmier à huile, exploitation, ressources forestières. English Title: Socioeconomic importance of agroforestry parklands of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. in the region of Cacheu (Guinea-Bissau)Guinea-Bissau has important agroforestry parklands in Elaeis guineensis. These palm groves are highly exploited for the many goods, services and products they provide to local communities in the Cacheu region. However the importance of these parklands is very little studied and is often limited to some services and products provided by the oil palm. Thus, the objective of this study is to contribute to the evaluation of the socio-economic importance of these Elaeis guineensis parklands in the Cacheu region. To do this, a forest inventory was carried out in 90 square plots of 2500m2. In addition, a socio-economic survey was conducted among 15% of the working population in 14 villages in which an ethnobotanical survey was also conducted through a focus group. These different methods combined revealed a specific richness of 75 ligneous species in the parks. The characteristic species of the parklands, Elaeis guineensis is exploited on all its components for various uses thus contributing to the improvement of the social well-being of the population in particular in the food, the health and the local economy. The other companion species are also of  paramount importance in the life of the local population. Other activities such as rainfed agriculture, livestock breeding, hunting, market gardening, pharmacopoeia, religious and cultural activities, etc. are also practiced in the palm grove. Hence the need to sustainably exploit these parks to sustain all these benefits.Keywords: ecosystem services, palm oil, exploitation, forest resources.

scholarly journals Importance socioéconomique de Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Palmier à huile) en Basse-Casamance (SENEGAL)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Boubacar Camara ◽  
Boubacar Sagna ◽  
Daouda Ngom ◽  
Mamadou Niokane ◽  
Zoe Daba Gomis
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Palmier À Huile ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Lower Casamance harbors enormous economic potentialities due to the importance of its forest resources. Among the forest species of the area, Elaeis guineensis is one of the most exploited for its many services and products. Despite its importance, the oil palm tree is experiencing real threats linked to a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. The overall objective of this study is to contribute and evaluate the goods and services provided by the agroforestry parks in Lower Casamance which will lead to an alert to the whole community about the threats to these secular systems. For that purpose, an individual questionnaire was administered to a sample of 146 invidious (33 in Carounate, 57 in Kabiline and 56 in Kaguite) according to their business sector in the palm plantation in each of the sites. Corresponding to 5% poll rate. It should be noted that most of the surveyed population acquires their product through harvesting (72% in Carounate, 70.97% in Kabiline and 70.21 in Kaguite). All parts of the oil palm are exploited by the local population for various purposes. Thus the most important frequencies are the use in construction (100%), the production of palm oil on average (94.87% and the making of brooms on average (92.97%). The sale of the palm products is a source of unshakeable revenue that can provide up to 865000F cfa for palm oil, 675000Fcfa for palm wine and 280000F cfa for brooms. This is why, according to 90.91% of the respondents in Carounate, 37.41% in Kabiline and 45.71%, the exploitation of the oil palm occupies the second place, after agriculture, in their activities. It is therefore all the interest to permanently preserve these secular systems.

scholarly journals Dynamics of <i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq. Agroforestry Parklands in the Region of Cacheu (Guinea Bissau) from 2003 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Boubacar Sagna ◽  
Daouda Ngom ◽  
Boubacar Camara ◽  
Mamadou Abdoul Ader Diedhiou ◽  
Boubacar Solly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Agroforestry Parklands

scholarly journals Biopesticide Plants species of the mining area of Tokpli (South-Togo) effects on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) protection against Aphtona spp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Outéndé Toundou ◽  
Koffi Kibalou Palanga ◽  
Oudjaniyobi Simalou ◽  
Mabafei Abalo ◽  
Iréné Woglo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
The Many

Pest management is among the many challenges confronting African farmers today. In Togo, pest attack has been seen as a challenge posed on many vegetable crops producers. In pursuit to contribute to effective vegetables crops protection using local Biopesticide plants, an ethnobotanical survey conducted in the District of Tokpli to collect data from the local population identified five biopesticide plants. Among these plants, Chromolaena odorata, Morinda lucida, Azadirachta indica, and Ludwigia decurrens pure leaves extract significantly reduced the number of Aphtona spp. attacking Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) plants in the field. Treatment Efficiency of the pure aqueous extract from mixture of leaves of these four plants, applied at the interval of 1 day and 2 days of 14 days were respectively 90% and 81% and were significantly higher than the result obtained with the chemical insecticide LAMBDA POWER applied following the recommendations of the manufacturer which was 79%. © 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Biopesticide, crops protection, Chromolaena odorata, Morinda lucida, Azadirachta indica, Ludwigia decurrens

scholarly journals Ecological Characterization of <i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq. Agroforestry Parklands in the Cacheu Region (Guinea Bissau)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Boubacar Sagna ◽  
Daouda Ngom ◽  
Boubacar Camara ◽  
Antoine Sambou ◽  
Mamadou Abdoul Ader Diedhiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Agroforestry Parklands

scholarly journals Science needs more external evaluation, not less

2021 ◽  
pp. 053901842110191
Author(s):  
Loes Knaapen
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
External Evaluation ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quantitative Performance ◽  
The Many ◽  
Lay Public

When science is evaluated by bureaucrats and administrators, it is usually done by quantified performance metrics, for the purpose of economic productivity. Olof Hallonsten criticizes both the means (quantification) and purpose (economization) of such external evaluation. I share the concern that such neoliberal performance metrics are shallow, over-simplified and inaccurate, but differ in how best to oppose this reductionism. Hallonsten proposes to replace quantitative performance metrics with qualitative in-depth evaluation of science, which would keep evaluation internal to scientific communities. I argue that such qualitative internal evaluation will not be enough to challenge current external evaluation since it does little to counteract neoliberal politics, and fails to provide the accountability that science owes the public. To assure that the many worthy purposes of science (i.e. truth, democracy, well-being, justice) are valued and pursued, I argue science needs more and more diverse external evaluation. The diversification of science evaluation can go in many directions: towards both quantified performance metrics and qualitative internal assessments and beyond economic productivity to value science’s broader societal contributions. In addition to administrators and public servants, science evaluators must also include diverse counterpublics of scientists: civil society, journalists, interested lay public and scientists themselves. More diverse external evaluation is perhaps no more accurate than neoliberal quantified metrics, but by valuing the myriad contributions of science and the diversity of its producers and users, it is hopefully less partial and perhaps more just.

Protected Areas: offering security to whom, when and where?

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALICE B. KELLY ◽  
A. CLARE GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Over Time

SUMMARYThis study considers the issue of security in the context of protected areas in Cameroon and Botswana. Though the literature on issues of security and well-being in relation to protected areas is extensive, there has been less discussion of how and in what ways these impacts and relationships can change over time, vary with space and differ across spatial scales. Looking at two very different historical trajectories, this study considers the heterogeneity of the security landscapes created by Waza and Chobe protected areas over time and space. This study finds that conservation measures that various subsets of the local population once considered to be ‘bad’ (e.g. violent, exclusionary protected area creation) may be construed as ‘good’ at different historical moments and geographical areas. Similarly, complacency or resignation to the presence of a park can be reversed by changing environmental conditions. Changes in the ways security (material and otherwise) has fluctuated within these two protected areas has implications for the long-term management and funding strategies of newly created and already existing protected areas today. This study suggests that parks must be adaptively managed not only for changing ecological conditions, but also for shifts in a protected area's social, political and economic context.

scholarly journals Extraction of Peppermint Essential Oils and Lipophilic Compounds: Assessment of Process Kinetics and Environmental Impacts with Multiple Techniques

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2879
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Radivojac ◽  
Oskar Bera ◽  
Zoran Zeković ◽  
Nemanja Teslić ◽  
Živan Mrkonjić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
The Many ◽  
Product Sales

Consumers are becoming more mindful of their well-being. Increasing awareness of the many beneficial properties of peppermint essential oil (EO) has significantly increased product sales in recent years. Hydrodistillation (HD), a proven conventional method, and a possible alternative in the form of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD) have been used to isolate peppermint EO. Standard Soxhlet and alternatively supercritical fluid (SFE), microwave-assisted, and ultrasound-assisted extraction separated the lipid extracts. The distillations employed various power settings, and the EO yield varied from 0.15 to 0.80%. The estimated environmental impact in terms of electricity consumption and CO2 emissions suggested that MWHD is an energy efficient way to reduce CO2 emissions. Different extraction methods and solvent properties affected the lipid extract yield, which ranged from 2.55 to 5.36%. According to the corresponding values of statistical parameters, empiric mathematical models were successfully applied to model the kinetics of MWHD and SFE processes.

scholarly journals Évaluation des caractéristiques des stomates chez le palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 9904
Author(s):  
Alain Ignassou Djinet ◽  
Joseph Martin Bell ◽  
Rasmata Nana ◽  
Memti Mberdoum Nguinambaye ◽  
Zoumbiéssé Tamini
Keyword(s):  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Palmier À Huile

Pseudospiropes elaeidis. [Distribution map].

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudospiropes elaeidis (Steyaert) Deighton. Hosts: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Sao Tome, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zaire.

Personal Values Across Cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilach Sagiv ◽  
Shalom H. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Personal Values ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Many Instruments ◽  
Value Priorities ◽  
The Many ◽  
Basic Personal Values

Values play an outsized role in the visions, critiques, and discussions of politics, religion, education, and family life. Despite all the attention values receive in everyday discourse, their systematic study took hold in mainstream psychology only in the 1990s. This review discusses the nature of values and presents the main contemporary value theories, focusing on the theory of basic personal values. We review evidence for the content and the structure of conflict and compatibility among values found across cultures. We discuss the assumptions underlying the many instruments developed to measure values. We then consider the origins of value priorities and their stability or change over time. The remainder of the review presents the evidence for the ways personal values relate to personality traits, subjective well-being, and the implications of value differences for religiosity, prejudice, pro- and antisocial behavior, political and environmental behavior, and creativity, concluding with a discussion of mechanisms that link values to behavior. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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