scholarly journals Enquête ethnobotanique sur les plantes utilisées dans le traitement de l’infertilité masculine au Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1667-1677
Author(s):  
S. Azonbakin ◽  
P. Dangbemey ◽  
R. Osseni ◽  
S.A. Yaude ◽  
F. Kora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Plantes Médicinales ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Afrique Subsaharienne ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Sub Saharan

L’infertilité conjugale concerne environ 15% de la population en Afrique subsaharienne. C’est une affection ayant une implication socioculturelle importante puisqu’au Bénin, l’un des objectifs du mariage est la procréation. L’objectif du présent travail est de contribuer à l’étude des principales plantes médicinales utilisées en médecine traditionnelle pour le traitement de l’infertilité masculine dans les départements de l’Atacora et de l’Atlantique au Bénin. Elle s’est déroulée auprès de 80 praticiens dont 60 tradithérapeutes, 11 personnes ressources et 9 vendeuses de plantes. L’étude a permis de recenser 109 espèces de plantes. Ces espèces appartiennent à 101 genres et sont réparties en 54 familles. Les feuilles sont majoritairement utilisées (35,77%) suivies des racines (29,93%) tandis que les autres parties (fruit, écorce, graines, plante entière, tige feuillée…) sont moins utilisées dans la préparation des recettes. La décoction est le mode de préparation majoritairement utilisée soit 33,55% suivie de la macération 27,63 % et de la poudre 25,66%. La trituration et l’infusion sont moins employées à des fréquences respectives de 11,84% et 1,32%. Ces résultats ont permis de montrer la richesse de la flore béninoise en ressources pour la prise en charge de l’infertilité masculine.   Englsih title: Ethnobotanical survey of plants used in the treatment of male infertility in Benin Couple infertility affects around 15% of the population in sub-Saharan Africa. It is a condition with an important socio-cultural implication because in Benin, one of the objectives of marriage is procreation. The objective of this work is to contribute to the study of the main medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of male infertility in the departments of Atacora and Atlantic in Benin. It took place with 80 practitioners including 60 traditional therapists, 11 resource people and 9 plant sellers. The study identified 109 species of plants. These species belong to 101 kinds and are divided into 54 families. The leaves are mostly used (35.77%) followed by the roots (29.93%) while the other parts (fruit, bark, seeds, whole plant, leafy stalk, etc.) are used less in the preparation of recipes. The decoction is the method of preparation mainly used, ie 33.55% followed by maceration 27.63% and powder 25.66% Trituration and infusion are used less at frequencies of 11.84% and 1.32%, respectively. These results made it possible to show the richness of the Beninese flora in resources for the management of male infertility.

Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Cissus Aralioides.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balogun Olaoye Solomon ◽  
Ajayi Olukayode Solomon ◽  
Owolabi Temitayo Abidemi ◽  
Oladimeji Abdulkarbir Oladele ◽  
Liu Zhiqiang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Chromatographic Purification ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Time

: Cissus aralioides is a medicinal plant used in sub-Saharan Africa for treatment of infectious diseases; however the chemical constituents of the plant have not been investigated. Thus, in this study, attempt was made at identifying predominant phytochemical constituents of the plant through chromatographic purification and silylation of the plant extract, and subsequent characterization using spectroscopic and GC-MS techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) for the antibacterial activities of the plant extract, chromatographic fractions and isolated compounds were also examined. Chromatographic purification of the ethyl acetate fraction from the whole plant afforded three compounds: β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2) and friedelin (3). The phytosterols (1 and 2) were obtained together as a mixture. The GC-MS analysis of silylated extract indicated alcohols, fatty acids and sugars as predominant classes, with composition of 24.62, 36.90 and 26.52% respectively. Results of MICs indicated that friedelin and other chromatographic fractions had values (0.0626-1.0 mg/mL) comparable with the standard antibiotics used. Characterization of natural products from C. aralioides is being reported for the first time in this study.

scholarly journals Prise En Charge Des Péritonites Aiguës Dans Un Hôpital De District En Afrique Sub-saharienne : Cas Du Bénin

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (36) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Bio Tamou Sambo ◽  
Salako Alexandre Allodé ◽  
Didier Sewadé Wekpon ◽  
Djifid Morel Séto ◽  
Montcho Adrien Hodonou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Acute Peritonitis ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Surgery Department

Introduction: Peritonitis remains a public health problem in Africa. We aim to describe the epidemiological, etiological and therapeutic aspects of acute peritonitis in a district hospital in Sub Saharan Africa. Methods: This was a descriptive study with prospective data collection over a period of 15 months from May 1 st 2015 to July 31st 2016 in Bembereke district hospital. It has taken into account all the patients managed in the general surgery department for acute generalized peritonitis that has been confirmed at laparotomy. Results: Fifty-three patients, 38 men (71.7 %) and 15 women (28.3 %) had been registered. The average age of the patients was 19.8 ± 16.9 years. The main etiologies were: non-traumatic ileal perforation from typhoid infection 52.8%; perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer 17%; complicated appendicitis and abdominal traumas 11.3% each one. Twenty nine patients (54.7%) have been operated by a surgeon and the 24 remaining (45.3%) by a general practitioner with surgical skills. Twenty one patients (39.6%) had postoperative complications of which 11 cases of parietal suppurations (52.4%). The mortality rate was 11.3%. The mean hospital stay was 22.5 ± 4 days. Conclusion: In northern-Benin, peritonitis remains dominated by the complications of typhoid fever. The mortality rate remains high. Prevention requires good hygiene and awareness of early consultations.

scholarly journals Evolution of Corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa - from Nkruma to Mutharika The 2nd

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Mavhungu Abel Mafukata
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Service ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bureaucratic Corruption ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Public Views ◽  
Development Prospects

Since Sub-Saharan Africa's first independence in Ghana, the region has experienced massive and costly political and bureaucratic corruption within public service and administration. The causes of the corruption, its nature and form are wide and intertwined. In Sub-Saharan Africa, efforts to curb corruption have failed to discard it. The paper focused on the period from Nkruma in Ghana to Mutharika the 2nd in Malawi. This paper reviewed existing literature on political and bureaucratic corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa while on the other hand the paper employed key informant interviews to gather the required data to investigate, analyse and profile the genesis and evolution of corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa. The key informant interviews were employed to solicit public views and opinion from nineteen key informant participants (n=19) selected from 11 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper found that corruption is legendary; has entrenched itself to becoming some sort of culture in the region, and has become the most difficult socio-economic challenge to resolve in the region despite the various anti-corruption efforts employed by stakeholders to curb it. It emerged through the study that law-enforcement efforts against corruption need some reinforcement in order to be effective and eficient in uprooting corruption in the region. If Sub-Saharan Africa fails to address its corruption challenge, its development prospects would seriously curtailed.

A Critical Evaluation of New Challenges Pertaining to the Activities of Translation and Interpretation in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Milburga ATCERO
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Afrique Subsaharienne ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cette contribution vise à évaluer de façon critique les nouveaux défis liés à la traduction et à l’interprétation (TI) dans une Afrique subsaharienne caractérisée par sa grande diversité linguistique. L’auteur espère identifier et suggérer des méthodologies pouvant être appliquées pour rapprocher cette région du reste du monde. Il identifie, en outre, la nécessité pour l’Afrique subsaharienne de mettre en œuvre des politiques et pratiques qui favorisent le multilinguisme. Elles sont principalement basées sur la pluralité des langues, avec un espace adéquat pour les langues internationales, étant donnée le rôle crucial des parcours scolaires sur ce continent. Dans l’environnement de travail dynamique d’aujourd’hui, différentes institutions reconnaissent le rôle important joué par la TI dans la recherche et le renforcement de l’efficacité des individus comme des organisations. L’auteur s’appuie sur un cadre logique illustrant l’importance de la traduction dans les sphères socioculturelles et linguistiques, pour la production de connaissances sur l’Afrique. Il soutient que la traduction devrait être considérée comme une occasion d’explorer la diversité des possibles dans la littérature africaine. Il conclut en décrivant les méthodes envisageables et les nouvelles orientations.

scholarly journals Measuring Regional Ethnolinguistic Diversity in Sub-Saharan Africa: Surveys vs. GIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S40-S45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Gershman ◽  
Diego Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract This paper compares two approaches to measuring subnational ethnolinguistic diversity in Sub-Saharan Africa, one based on censuses and large-scale population surveys and the other relying on the use of geographic information systems (GIS). The two approaches yield sets of regional fractionalization indices that show a moderately positive correlation, with a stronger association across rural areas. These differences matter for empirical analysis: in a common sample of regions, survey-based indices of deep-rooted diversity show a more strongly negative association with a range of development indicators relative to their highest-quality GIS-based counterparts.

Spatial Patterns and Trends in Energy Use and Consumption in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-418
Author(s):  
Edwina Kofi-Opata
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The Core ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Spatial Pattern Formation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Health Complications

Energy lies at the core of every human activity and can be described as having a pervasive influence on all aspects of development making it one of the most important resources that belies the development of any given country. Developing countries on the other hand are constantly faced with the daunting task of providing its industries and citizens with energy in its various forms. The resulting effect is limiting economic development and by extension limited social development. In meeting this need, the Ghanaian populace have and continue to rely on traditional biomass amid associated risks and health complications. This article analyzes the factors accounting for the heavy reliance on traditional biomass in Sub Saharan Africa (ssa) with particular reference to Ghana and to determine if these factors promote a spatial pattern formation in energy use.

scholarly journals Prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang à la Banque du Sang d’Abéché au Tchad

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1085-1092
Author(s):  
Djamalladine Mahamat Doungous ◽  
Abdelsalam Adoum Doutoum ◽  
Adawaye Chatte ◽  
Richard Laougangta Dounbe ◽  
Elysée Gondimo Gabdibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Afrique Subsaharienne ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transfusion Sanguine

En Afrique subsaharienne, les infections transmissibles par la transfusion sanguine comme la syphilis sont très répandues, avec une prévalence pouvant atteindre 25% chez les donneurs de sang. La présente étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang au niveau de la Banque du Sang d’Abéché. Nous avons mené une étude transversale à visée descriptive, qui s’est déroulée de mai à août 2017. Les échantillons de sang des donneurs ont été testés par immunochromatographie pour la détection des anticorps anti-tréponémiques (Biomnis®). Sur 789 donneurs de sang inclus dans l’étude, la prévalence de la syphilis était de 4,9 %. Les donneurs étaient à 96,1% de sexe masculin et 3,9% de sexe féminin. Cette prévalence était plus élevée chez les sujets âgés de [21-30] ans, chez les femmes, les donneurs non scolarisés, divorcés et les domestiques/ménagères habitant la zone d’Abéché urbaine. Ces résultats montrent qu’il est nécessaire de mettre en place une politique de suivi et de prise en charge médicale des donneurs de sang atteints de la syphilis.Mots clés: Transfusion sanguine, receveurs, Treponema pallidum, don de sang.   English Title: Prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at Abéché blood bank in ChadIn sub-Saharan Africa, infections transmitted by blood transfusion such as syphilis are widespread, with prevalence up to 25% in blood donors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at the Blood Bank of Abéché. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which ran from May to August 2017. Donor blood samples were tested by immunochromatography for the detection of anti-treponemal antibodies (Biomnis®). Of the 789 blood donors included in the study, the prevalence of syphilis was 4.9%. Donors were 96.1% male and 3.9% female. This prevalence was higher in subjects aged [21-30] years, women, out-of-school, divorced and domestic / household donors living in the urban Abéché area. These results shows that it is necessary to set up a policy of monitoring and medical care of blood donors with syphilis.Keywords: Blood transfusion, recipients, Treponema pallidum, blood donation.

scholarly journals Karyotypic analyses of accessions of Kersting’s groundnut

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
I.C. Odo ◽  
F.I. Akaneme
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Chromosomal Variability ◽  
Primitive Condition ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Orphan Crop ◽  
Kersting’S Groundnut

Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpa) is an orphan crop of significant food and household income in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chromosomal variability among the accessions of the species through analysis of the karyotypes. Six accessions of Kersting’s groundnut were subjected to conventional cytological techniques, using root tip meristems. The somatic chromosome number was 2n = 20 in all the accessions. The highest total chromosome length was obtained in Tkg 1 (1.739 + 0.047); while the least was in Tkg 12 (1.014 + 0.029). All the accessions had metacentric, submetacentric and subtelocentric chromosomes. However, there was a preponderance towards metacentric chromosomes, suggesting a symmetrical karyotype, which is known to be a primitive condition. Five of the accessions were grouped in karyotype 2A while one accession, Tkg 9 was grouped in karyotype 2B. The 2B karyotypes are known to have greater chromosomal asymmetry than 2A; thus Tkg 9 may be advancing evolutionarily faster than the other accessions. Hierarchical cluster analysis divided the accessions into three clusters. Cluster 1 comprised of four accessions (Tkg 1, Tkg 6, Tkg 9 and Tkg 11); while Cluster 2 comprised of one accession (Tkg 6); and cluster 3 had one accession (Tkg 12). Tkg 6 and Tkg 12 were observed to be distantly related to the other accessions; as such could serve as parents in hybridisation programmes to generate wider variability for the improvement of the species.

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