scholarly journals Diversity in proximate analysis of tubers of some African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) (Hochst Ex. A. Rich.) Harms (Fabaceae) accessions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1787-1793
Author(s):  
T.E. Konyeme ◽  
B.L. Nyananyo ◽  
F.B.G. Tanee
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
African Yam Bean ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

This study was carried out to determine the proximate and mineral composition of fresh tubers of 17 African Yam Bean (AYB) accessions. Standard analytical procedures were adopted in the determination of bioactive compounds in the tubers of the different accessions. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics, principal component and clustering analysis. Ash content ranged between 4.59-9.99%, Carbohydrate (46.59-66.52%), Crude fibre (6.93-12.13), Fat (1.06-4.04%), Moisture content ranged between 11.36-21.91% and Protein (4.91-14.50%). The range of mineral content evaluated were: Calcium (1.53-5.82), Copper (10.59-44.93), Iron (63.52-240.48), Magnesium (0.59-2.26), Manganese (42.25-160.01), Nitrogen (0.75-2.23%), Potassium (1.34-5.08), Sodium (0.05-0.22) and Zinc (28.24-106.93. The proximate variables in the tubers significantly (P<0.05) distinguished the 17 AYB accessions. Three distinct clusters were visible. The seven accessions in cluster I had the highest protein, carbohydrate and moisture content. Cluster II had the least mineral content. Accessions with the highest fat and mineral content were grouped in cluster III. Food, nutritional and medicinal values inherent in AYB tubers is high and promising, its utilization in human and livestock feeds is greatly encourage. Keywords: Accessions, African yam bean, diversity, proximate analysis, tubers

scholarly journals Determination of Nutritional Composition of Ackee’s Apple Blighia sapida and Monkey Kola Cola millenii

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Oyetade Joshua Akinropo ◽  
Bello Lukman Abidemi ◽  
Adesiyan Blessing Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fruit Samples

The proximate analysis of the fruit sample that homogenously sampled from the wild was taken and quartered to get appreciable weight fit for analysis. Due to it perishable nature the quartered sample for each of the fruit was stored in an air tight container and kept in the refrigerator at a temperature of about 4°C. For the determination of the nutritional composition, parameters which include their proximate, minerals, and vitamin C were quantitatively determined while the anti-nutrient composition were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Compared to ackee’s apple, monkey cola was found to consist of 64.41% moisture content, 1.69% ash, 10.21% crude fibre, 1.25% crude fat, 4.44% crude fibre, 18.06% carbohydrates while ackee’s apple consist of 73.21% moisture, 1.49% ash, 9.38 % crude protein, 13.98% crude fat, 2.08% crude fibre, 0.86% carbohydrates and 4.45% of vitamin C. The mineral analysis for both samples was quantitatively determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The minerals determined for ackee’s apple and monkey cola were magnesium which was 1391.65 ppm, calcium 628.23 ppm, sodium 506.96 ppm, potassium 3976.14 ppm, iron 1.0 ppm, copper 5.00, zinc 4.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 2616.90 ppm the iron however, was not detected. Ackee’s apple on the other hand, consist of magnesium 498.01 ppm, calcium 478.56 ppm, sodium 398.80 ppm, potassium 4970.18 ppm, copper 2.00, zinc 5.00, cobalt 3.0 and phosphorus 373.84 ppm. The qualitative screening of the anti-nutrients revealed the absence of phenol from both fruit samples while tannins were present only in the monkey cola. The flavonoids, phytic acid and oxalate were quantitatively determined to be 1240 mg, 625 mg and 155 mg for Monkey kola and 640 mg, 340 mg and 65 mg for Ackee’s apple.

scholarly journals Study of Nutritional Contents of Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche Leaves, Kernel and Pericarp Cultivated in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abubaker ◽  
Seham S El Hawary ◽  
Engy A. Mahrous ◽  
Essam M. Abd El-Kader
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Macadamia Integrifolia ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Total Fat

Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche (Proteaceae) is one of the major tree crops of the world. In addition to its nutritional value, macadamia also contains a number of phytochemicals that are responsible for a variety of bioactivities, among which hypocholesterolic activity which has been frequently studied. No previous studies were done on the Macadamia cultivated in Egypt, this encouraged the authors to perform the present study aiming to throw light on the nutritional profile of title plant. Proximate analysis of the leaves, pericarp and kernel Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche includes the determination of moisture content, total ash, total protein, total fats, total carbohydrates and crude fibers, study of vitamin E content by using HPLC, determination of the mineral content according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists(A.A.O.C). Macadamia showed a total fat (5.085%) in leaves, (67.96%) in kernel and (0.34%) in pericarp. The protein constitute (6.65 %) in leaves, (20.81%) in kernel and (6.91%) in pericarp. Carbohydrate constitutes (72.35%) in leaves, (5.8%) in kernel and (77.58%) in pericarp. Moisture content ranged from (11.72%) in leaves, (2.83%) in kernel and (9,65%) in pericarp. Ash content was (4.2%) in leaves, (2.6%) in kernel and (5.52%) in pericarp. The content of vitamin E in macadamia tested parts was (133.18 mg/100gm) in leaves, (61.49 mg/100gm) in kernel and (98.78 mg/100gm) in pericarp. The mineral contents of macadamia tested parts were resulted Calcium (851.51 mg/100gm) in leaves, (181.64 mg/100gm) in kernel and (177.16 mg/100gm) in pericarp, Potassium (838.16 mg/100g) in leaves, (3458.14 mg/100gm) in kernel and (7803.68 mg/100gm) in pericarp, Sodium constitutes (309.36 mg/100g) in leaves, (69.67 mg/100gm) in kernel and (156.58 mg/100gm) in pericarp, Iron was (9.72 mg/100g) in leaves, (9.48 mg/100gm) in kernel and (9.75 mg/100gm) in pericarp and Copper resulted (0.76 mg/100g) in leaves, (0.634 mg/100gm) in kernel and (0.668 mg/100gm) in pericarp.

Determination of the moisture content of paprika (Capsicum annuum) powders: a comparative study/ Determinación de la humedad del pimentón (Capsicum annuum): estudio comparativo

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Forgács ◽  
V. Kiss ◽  
T. Cserháti ◽  
J. Holló
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Electric Oven

The moisture content of 25 different paprika powders was determined by an electronic moisture analyzer at 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 and 105°C by near infrared spectroscopy, using both peak area and peak height for the water; and by the traditional drying method, using an electric oven at 100°C for 1, 2 and 3 h. The data matrix was evaluated by principal component analysis. It was established that the moisture content of paprika powders can be equally determined by each method. The use of the NIR method has been proposed because it is both rapid and accurate, and the presence of other volatile compounds does not influence the reliability of the determination of the moisture content.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF STORAGE MATERIALS ON THE PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF TOMATO (Lycopersicon Esculentum) POWDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
RUKAYAT OLADIPUPO ◽  
K. A. Yusuf ◽  
G. Salawu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Aluminium Foil ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Storage Materials ◽  
Tomato Powder

The effect of storage materials on the quality of tomato powder was studied. Fresh, firm and matured red tomatoes were washed, sorted and sliced to a uniform thickness of 5mm. The sliced tomatoes were pre-treated by dipping in 1% calcium chloride (CaCl2) and 0.2% potassium metabislphite (KMS) solution for 10 minutes at room temperature. 200g each of the sample was dried at temperatures of 600C until equilibrium moisture content was attained. The dried tomatoes were ground into powder and stored in Black polyethylene [BPE], White polyethylene [WPE], and Laminated Aluminium Foil [LAF] pouches for 6 weeks. The moisture content, crude protein, crude fibre, fat, total ash, and vitamin C of the tomato powder were determined using the method prescribed by AOAC. The carotene contents were determined by HPLC. The proximate analysis was repeated after 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6weeks of storage.  There was an increase in moisture content and ash content after 6 weeks of storage while a decrease in value of protein, fat and vitamin C content occurred after the storage period. All the parameters measured were best retained by the laminated aluminium foil (LAF) compared to black polyethylene (BPE) and white polyethylene (WPE) packaging material for the entire period of the study.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis on the Phytochemical, Proximate and Mineral Composition of the Seeds and Peels of Lime

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Uzama ◽  
S. C. Okolo ◽  
R. U. Okoh-Esene ◽  
A. B. Adebiyi ◽  
A.T. Orishadipe
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

Comparative Analysis on the Phytochemical, proximate and mineral composition of the seeds and peels of lime was carried out. The phytochemical, and proximate screenings were carried out using standard methods. The mineral analysis was carried out by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The proximate analysis revealed that the seeds contain Moisture 8.20%, Ash 12.09%,Crude fat 8.50%,Crude Protein 1.93%,Crude fibre 20.71%, and Carbohydrate 48.58% while the peels contain Moisture10.60%, Ash 15.27%, Crude fat14.67%, Crude Protein 2.30%, Crude fibre23.36% and Carbohydrate 33.80%.The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and volatile oils in both the seeds and peels of the lime. In addition, the seeds contain steroids, while the peels contain tannins, balsams and anthraquinone. The mineral analysis revealed that the seeds contains Ni(0.17mg/100g),Pb(0.01mg/100g),Mn (0.20mg/100g),Zn(0.57mg/100g)Cr(0.17mg/100g),Mg(9.02mg/100g),Ca(27.02mg/100g),Cd(0.01mg/100g), Fe(2.55mg/100g) and Cu(4.81mg/100g) while the peels contain Ni(0.15mg/100g),Pd(0.21mg/100g),Mn(0,21mg/100g),Zn(0.23mg/100g),Cr(0.13mg/100g),Mg(7.61mg/100g),Ca(100.22mg/100g),Cd(0.01mg/100g),Fe(1.67mg/100g) and Cu(0.21mg/100g).The lime seeds and peels can serve as potential sources of drugs and nutrition with the seeds having higher concentration of minerals. 

scholarly journals Proximate Analysis of Some Selected Infant Formula Sold in Makurdi Metropolis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ogochukwu Augustina Onuorah ◽  
Rufus Sha'ato ◽  
Okeke Rufina Obioma ◽  
Adegoke Abiodun Adebimpe ◽  
Adekola Omololu Atanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
North Central ◽  
Infant Formulae ◽  
North Bank ◽  
Commercial Baby Food

Infant formula is a synthetic version of mother’s milk and belongs to a class of food materials known as dairy substitutes. This study was designed to evaluate the proximate composition of some selected infant formula sold in Makurdi metropolis. Six (6) different brands of infant formula samples were purchased from the major markets, Wadata market and North bank market Makurdi Benue State, North Central Nigeria. The six different brands comprise of three (3) infant milk formulae and three (3) infant cereal formulae. Samples on some Selected Infant Formulae were analysed in the laboratory for proximate composition and the data were subjected to Analysis of Variance to rank the significant differences in means. There were significantly different (P<0.05) across the selected infant formulae sample for moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fate, crude fibre and carbohydrates. The result shows that FRISOGOLD significantly (P<0.05) has the highest moisture content (11.60%) with cowbell having the lowest (2.45%) while the ash content of cowbell was found to be the highest compared to other formulae. In conclusion, the commercial baby food samples (MYBOY, NAN and cowbell) have a low moisture content which suggests an asset as this prolongs the shelf life and also inhibits microbial activity on these products thereby preventing spoilage.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AEROBIC FERMENTATION OF CASSAVA ON THE NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF ITS PRODUCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
D. ERUVBETINE ◽  
S. A. ADEGBOYEGA
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Aerobic Fermentation ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Poultry Diets

Aerobic fermentation of cassava was carried out to determine the nutrient quality of the final product with a view to optimizing its use in poultry diets. Two varieties of cassava TMS 30572 and OTA were peeled, chipped and heaped for fermentation. Samples were taken at days 0, 3, 5 and 7 for determination of moisture, crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract and cyanide levels. Fermentation was carried out in both dry and wet seasons. Results showed that major changes in composition were in the moisture content which increased with corresponding decreases in dry mater content with increasing period of fermentation for both seasons studied. Protein content increased up to a period of 3 days after which it declined. A similar trend was observed in both wet and dry seasons. However, it was noted that a higher moisture content with a correspondingly lower dry matter content was reported for all samples in the wet season when compared to their counterparts in the dry season. Cyanide content was reduced with an increasing period of fermentation in all samples irrespective of variety and season. Further studies are recommended to investigate the possibility of increasing protein content by fermentation.

scholarly journals Effect of different processing methods on the biochemical composition of water hyacinth and acceptability by WAD goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
A. A. Mako ◽  
V. O. Akinwande
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre

The limiting factor in the use of water hyacinth (WH) as a fodder is the high moisture content. Subjecting this water weed to various processing methods might reduce the moisture content to an appreciable level that will be tolerated by animals. Fresh samples of water hyacinth harvested from lagoon water body in Ogun State were processed into wilted, ensiled, sun-cured. Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 involved the determination of nutrient composition (Dry matter, Crude protein, Crude fibre Ash, Neutral detergent fibre and Acid detergent fibre), mineral content(macro and micro minerals) and secondary metabolites (spot test analysis of (saponin, phenol and steroid) of fresh and processed WH. In experiment II, the fresh and processed WH were fed to eight WAD goats in a cefetaria feeding trial to determine the Coefficient of Preference (COP) ofall forms of water hyacinth. Results revealed that, the nutrient composition was influenced by processing methods except for the ash content. The sun-cured WH contained more dry matter (89.30 g/100g DM), while the lowest dry matter (8.22 g/100g DM) was recorded for fresh WH. However, ensiled WH contained more crude protein (16.23 g/100g DM) than other forms of WH, the lowest CP (10.42 g/100gDM) was recorded for fresh WH (DBG has some protein in it and it added to the water hyacinth, hence the raised CP content of ensiled WH). However, the neutral detergent fibre ranged from 55.20 to66.25 g/100g DM in ensiled and sun-cured respectively.The mineral content of all forms of WH were similar. Qualitative evaluation of saponin, phenol and steroid showed that all forms of WH contained tannins and steroids; saponin was found but declared negative due to height of the form. The result of COP,showed thatthefresh WH (0.74) was rejected, while all processed WH were acceptable to the animals.However,the ensiled WH (1.40) was most preferred. It is concluded that processing methods can improve the nutrient composition of WH and also the preference by animals.

Determination of proximate and phytochemical composition of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) forage

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
M. Afolayan ◽  
S. B. Afolayan ◽  
M. A. Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
The Family ◽  
Locust Bean ◽  
African Locust Bean

Browse plants is one of the cheapest sources of feed for ruminants and other farm animals. The leaf of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa), a tree belonging to the family leguminoceae was studied. The Locust bean foliage (LBF) was evaluated for the proximate and antinutritional factors. The proximate analysis showed that LBF had high crude protein (16.23%), dry matter DM (90.05%), crude fibre CF (21.36%), low fats (0.68%), ash (6.11) and soluble carbohydrate (55.62%). Anti–nutrients contents included oxalates (4.02 mg/100g), phytate (0.06 mg/100g), trypsin (0.44g/100g), saponin (2.80 mg/100g), cyanide (1.60 mg/100g), tannin (24.15 mg/100g) and alkaloid (6.70 mg/100g). The values obtained for the proximate composition may be an indication that LBF is a promising browse plants which could be fed to the grazing animals during the dry season, when fresh forages are scarce.

scholarly journals Proximate and Mineral Composition of Traditional, Composite Foods Consumed in Rural Areas of Bauchi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 780-780
Author(s):  
Mercy Sosanya ◽  
Jeanne Freeland-Graves ◽  
Ayodele Gbemileke ◽  
Funke Adeosun ◽  
Olutayo Shokunbi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Weaning Food ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Peanut Cake ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

Abstract Objectives High levels of stunting (49.1%), underweight (29.9%) and anemia (70.4%) are common in children &lt;5 years of age in northeastern Nigeria. The nutritional composition of diets fed in the home is of prime importance for the anthropometric and micronutrient status of children. Yet there is paucity of data on the nutrient profile of numerous foods that are part of traditional diets in northeastern Nigeria. This study evaluated the proximate and mineral content of 31 traditional, composite foods consumed in Bauchi state, Nigeria. Methods Proximate analysis was conducted via a modified version of the AOAC International (2006) method. Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and calcium (Ca) concentrations were determined from samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results Of three types of danwake (cooked cereal dough balls/dumplings), danwake wake da dawa (beans with sorghum) had the highest protein (4.78%). Danwake gujia da masara (Bambara nuts with maize) had the greatest Fe (3.97 mg), with Zn (1.20 mg) and Cu (0.28 mg)/100 g). Dambun tsakin masara (maize grits, peanut cake and spinach) had the highest protein (9.12%) of five types of dambu (granulated cereal dumplings). Per 100 g of dambu, Fe (6.01 mg), Zn (1.57 mg), Cu (0.31 mg) and Ca (89.64 mg) of dambun gero da zogale (millet, moringa and peanut cake) was the highest. Of nine soups, miyan kubewa (okra) was lowest in protein (1.90%), while miyan karago (peanut cake) was highest in protein (11.40%), with Fe, Zn and Cu (5.49, 1.30 and 0.33 mg, respectively). Shredded, fried, mutton (dambun naman rago) and soy curds (awara) were excellent sources of protein (49.31% and 16.86%), Fe (9.20 and 8.32 mg), Zn (7.54 and 1.72 mg), and Ca (138.76 and 52.40 mg)/100 g). Of ten cereal puddings, paps and porridges, chanchangan dawa (sorghum, beans and peanut) and danmalele [maize and palm oil pap (used as a weaning food], had the highest (6.43%) and lowest (1.22%) protein, respectively. Porridge made from leftover pudding crust (gwaten kanzo) was high in Fe (3.12 mg/100 g). Conclusions Foods prepared with two different legumes in addition to cereals, were the richest sources of protein and micronutrients compared to other mixtures. Peanut cake and soy curds are cheap sources of protein and minerals, which can improve diets in northern Nigeria, when combined with starchy staples. Funding Sources This study was funded by Oxfam LINE Project, Bauchi.

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