scholarly journals Effect of Tensile Load on the Mechanical Properties of AlSiC Composite Materials using ANSYS Design Modeller

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-305
Author(s):  
Mathias Ekpu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Right ◽  
Versus Strain

Aluminium Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) composite materials are used in the electronics industries and other manufacturing companies hence, manufacturing of AlSiC composite materials with the right properties for different applications are vital to most industries. The challenge of testing the same specimens for different properties remains, because most of the tests carried out are destructive. Hence, the use of ANSYS finite element simulation software for the design and analysis of a flat bar specimen. Loads between 3 kN to 21 kN were applied on the specimen since it is within the operating limit of a Universal Tensile Testing Machine (UTTM), while both ends are fixed. The AlSiC composite materials used in this study have a composition of 63 vol% Al (356.2) and 37 vol% SiC and, the resultsshowed that stress was directly proportional to strain. While the calculated Young’s modulus from the stress versus strain plot was approximately 167 GPa for the different tensile loads applied. In addition, the total deformation of the AlSiC composite material increased as the load was increased. Also, the highest deformation of the material was observed around the centre of the test specimen. This is synonymous with the failure observed in practical testing of specimens. Keywords: AlSiC, tensile load, aluminium MMC, stress analysis, deformation, ANSYS

scholarly journals Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3628
Author(s):  
Felicia M.M.B. Syrén ◽  
Gabriella Andersson Andersson Drugge ◽  
Joel Peterson ◽  
Nawar Kadi
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Textile Finishing ◽  
Materials Used

Friction between Swedish paper yarn and needles is a limiting factor that—together with the low yarn flexibility—is hindering the knitting and use of paper yarn as a sustainable textile material. To enhance the knittability, paper yarn was coated with textile finishing materials. The effect of six different textile finishing materials used for textiles processing (three different silicone-based, wax, glycerol, and soap) was evaluated. The treatment evaluation was done by determination of the friction coefficient, tensile testing, and knitting. The friction coefficient was determined by an adaption from the ASTM D3108-07 Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Solid Material. The adaption meant using a specially designed rig, making it possible to simulate the yarn/needle friction during the knitting process and use a tensile testing machine to determine the friction coefficient. Through using the same angle for yarn movement during the knitting process in this adaptation, the effect of the flexibility of paper on the friction coefficient is integrated. Tensile testing was performed using a Tensolab 2512A/2512C electromechanical tensile tester, and knitting tests were performed using a Stoll CMS 822 HP knit and wear flat knitting machine with the E5.2 gauge. The results show that knittability is better for the yarns with lower coefficients of friction and can also be enhanced by spraying with regular water. The tensile properties of the yarn is degraded by the treatments. The wax- and soap-treated yarns were most challenging to knit. The silicone-based and glycerol-treated yarns showed enhanced knittability, where the glycerol treatment results in more protruding fibers compared to the other treatments. All treatments reduced the roughness in the feel of the knit. The results indicate that the Swedish paper yarn can be a future sustainable complement to polyester and cotton.

Simulation and Test Study of Multidisc Magneto-Rheological Fluid Clutch

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 464-467
Author(s):  
De Min Chen ◽  
Qing Ge Cai ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Torque Transmission ◽  
Power Machine ◽  
Magneto Rheological ◽  
Transmission Capability ◽  
The Magnetic Field

A Magneto-rheological Fluid Clutch (MRC for short) which has a novel and simple structure is designed; the research on the magnetic field distribution is based on the finite element simulation software which is named Ansoft; In order to test the work performance, the electronic torsion testing machine is used for the torque transmission capability and controllability test. The experimental results reveal that the MRC could meet the torque transmission demand of high power machine and response quickly and reliably.

scholarly journals Fatigue Analysis of Motor Cycle Alloy Wheel

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 702-710
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Motor Cycle ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Alloy Wheel ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Fatigue Loads ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Alloy Carbon

Wheels in the motor cycle play major role to carry the load. Generally spokes are subjected to fatigue loads. So it is necessary to study the response of the wheel under fatigue loads. In the present work different shapes of the wheel spokes are modeled and analyzed their response for fatigue loads by using finite element simulation software ANSYS workbench. The shape of the spokes used for the alloy wheels are curved, inclined, Y shape, Triangle shape, V Shape and H shape with constant volume. The material parametric study is also performed on the different cases of the spokes. The materials used are Structural steel, Aluminum alloy, Carbon steel and magnesium Alloy. The results show that the carbon steel shown better results when compared to remaining materials in view of life, damage and factor of safety. V curved with pad shape possess high life, high factor of safety and low damage factor compared with the remaining models.

Impact and Flexural Strength of Kaolinite / Glass Fibers Reinforced Heat-Cured Acrylic Denture

2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 340-349
Author(s):  
Wafaa A. Hussain ◽  
Ban Adbul Maseeh Bader ◽  
Muna Y. Slewa ◽  
Luay H. Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Glass Fiber Composite ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Woven Glass Fiber

Nowadays, most materials used to manufacture denture base are heat-cured PMMA, to overcome the low strength of this material, different methods were used to strengthen the denture base and enhanced their properties. This study investigated the effect of glass fiber woven powder kaolinite (Al2Si2O5 (OH) 4) to influence and strength of flexure. Acrylic and kaolinite powders were mixed together and mixed again with acrylic liquid to prepare hybrid composite samples. Woven glass fiber composite was prepared by inserting woven glass fiber between the two halves of the dough. PMMA reinforced by (0, 20) wt% of woven glass fibers or/and (0, 2, 5, 7) wt% of kaolinite powder to prepare eight experimental groups (n= 7). The fractured surface was an evaluation by scanning electron microscope (SEM). X-ray diffraction and Fourier transforminfrared spectra FTIR tests were used to examine kaolinite powder. Samples were tested with the use of a Charpy testing machine for impact test and Instron tensile testing machine for flexural test after storage in water for 10 days at 37 °C. The results showed woven glass fibers with clay powder together significantly increased the mechanical properties of PMMA.

Rattling Loose of Thread Connected Steels in Percussive Rock Drilling

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Fu
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Rock Drilling ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Threaded Fasteners ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Tightly Coupled

A common practice to uncouple drill steels in percussive rock drilling is by rattling. Rattling is primarily a continuation of a drilling process without the rotation of the drill steels. By examining the forces which exist at the contacting threads between two drill steels and a coupling, it is shown that normal thread loads in tightly coupled steels and coupling systems always produce a loosening torque. The loosening torque is opposed by circumferential friction torques developed at the thread interface and at the drill steels’ interface. Using a theory developed by Goodier for loosening of threaded fasteners by vibration, it is shown how tensile forces generated by rattling can overcome the friction torques to provide a mechanism for uncoupling the drill steels. A sequence of events during rattling loose of multiple steels is postulated, and conditions which facilitate the loosening process are discussed. Repeated pushing and pulling tests of manually torqued-up steels and couplings in a tensile testing machine for four commonly used steels confirms that tensile forces generated during rattling are indeed responsible for rattling loose. Complete loosening was achieved for all four steels tested under various combinations of an initial tightening torque and the cyclic tensile load, and the total number of load cycles required for a complete loosening were determined. Test results also show that loosening due to compressive forces generated during rattling should be very small. The dependence of rattling loose on the helix angle and the static thread efficiency of the thread form is discussed.

scholarly journals Stress-strain state of fiberglass in conditions of climatic aging

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1509-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleb V. Martynov ◽  
Daria E. Monastyreva ◽  
Elena A. Morina ◽  
Aleksey I. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Operational Factors ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Work Samples

Introduction. Were investigated samples of fiberglass with the aim of its effective use in construction in the long term. Fiberglass is considered one of the most versatile and durable materials among polymer composite materials, however, and it is subject to destruction. It is known that one of the main reasons for reducing the specified characteristics and material properties is operational. At the design stage, it is necessary to determine the most reliable and economical materials used and, accordingly, be sufficiently aware of their strength and durability. Thus, in order to avoid the destruction of the material, as well as significantly enhance and prolong its service life, it is necessary to be aware of how exactly the properties of the material change over time. Regarding reinforced concrete, wood, brick and steel fiberglass is used in construction recently. This means that while the service life of the list of the most common materials in construction is known to a sufficient extent, manufacturers do not dare to use fiberglass as a material for critical structures. This occurs because changes in its characteristics, depending on operational factors, are not sufficiently studied for intervals exceeding 4-5 years of operation. Materials and methods. During the work, samples of fiberglass SPPS with a longitudinal and transverse arrangement of fiberglass were tested for climatic aging in a climatic chamber for 5 cycles simulating 5 years of material operation. All samples were subjected to tensile testing on a tensile testing machine R-5. Results. Destructive stresses were determined, calculations were carried out and elastic and strength characteristics of the samples were analyzed. On the basis of the obtained results, an analysis was carried out, conclusions were formulated about the use of fiberglass in the construction in the long term, as well as the influence of such operational factors as moisture, positive and negative temperatures, and ultraviolet radiation on the properties of fiberglass with a different arrangement of fiberglass. Conclusions. Found that the destructive stresses of fiberglass are significantly reduced during the first two years of operation, which must be considered when choosing fiberglass with the stated characteristics. Ultraviolet does not have a significant effect on the elastic-strength properties of the material, while during operat

A Quick Method for Assessing the Activity of Shungite Filler in Elastomer Composite Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
N.N. Komova ◽  
E.E. Potapov ◽  
E.V. Prut ◽  
V.I. Solodilov ◽  
A.N. Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Butyl Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Smooth Curves ◽  
Measured Stress ◽  
Chlorosulphonated Polyethylene

A quick method for assessing elastomer-to-shungite bond strength is presented. An Instron 3365 tensile testing machine was used to measure the force needed to peel away a cotton strip impregnated with a rubber solution in CCl4 from the surface of shungite sheets. The rubbers included butyl rubber (BR), nitrile butadiene rubber (SKN-18), polyisoprene (SKI-3), a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (CEVA), polychloroprene (PC), chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSPE), and chlorinated butyl rubber (CBR). The nature of the obtained results depends on elastomer functionality. Smooth curves of the dependence of the measured stress on the distance between the clamps of the tensile testing machine were obtained for elastomers not having functional groups interacting with the shungite, e.g. for BR; on the curves for elastomers interacting with the shungite, e.g. for PC, a series of peaks was observed on the curves. The obtained results make it possible to predict the strength of elastomer composite materials containing shungite.

scholarly journals Right-sided Bochdalek hernia in an adult with hepatic malformation and intestinal malrotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Enomoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamada ◽  
Daiki Kato ◽  
Shusuke Yagi ◽  
Hitomi Wake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Diaphragmatic Defect ◽  
Intestinal Malrotation ◽  
Intestinal Loop ◽  
Bochdalek Hernia ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Bochdalek hernia is a common congenital diaphragmatic defect that usually manifests with cardiopulmonary insufficiency in neonates. It is very rare in adults, and symptomatic cases are mostly left-sided. Diaphragmatic defects generally warrant immediate surgical intervention to reduce the risk of incarceration or strangulation of the displaced viscera. Case presentation A 47-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion. Computed tomography revealed that a large part of the intestinal loop with superior mesenteric vessels and the right kidney were displaced into the right thoracic cavity. Preoperative three-dimensional (3D) simulation software visualized detailed anatomy of displaced viscera and the precise location and size of the diaphragmatic defect. She underwent elective surgery after concomitant pulmonary hypertension was stabilized preoperatively. The laparotomic approach was adopted. Malformation of the liver and the presence of intestinal malrotation were confirmed during the operation. The distal part of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, and right kidney were reduced into the abdominal cavity consecutively. A large-sized oval defect was closed with monofilament polypropylene mesh. No complications occurred postoperatively. Conclusion Symptomatic right-sided Bochdalek hernia in adults is exceedingly rare and is frequently accompanied by various visceral anomalies. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical repair are crucial to prevent possible incarceration or strangulation. The preoperative 3D simulation provided comprehensive information on anatomy and concomitant anomalies and helped surgeons plan the operation meticulously and perform procedures safely.

scholarly journals Acoustic Emission and K-S Metric Entropy as Methods for Determining Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Lesław Kyzioł ◽  
Katarzyna Panasiuk ◽  
Grzegorz Hajdukiewicz ◽  
Krzysztof Dudzik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Metric Entropy ◽  
Plastic Phase

Due to the unique properties of polymer composites, these materials are used in many industries, including shipbuilding (hulls of boats, yachts, motorboats, cutters, ship and cooling doors, pontoons and floats, torpedo tubes and missiles, protective shields, antenna masts, radar shields, and antennas, etc.). Modern measurement methods and tools allow to determine the properties of the composite material, already during its design. The article presents the use of the method of acoustic emission and Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy to determine the mechanical properties of composites. The tested materials were polyester-glass laminate without additives and with a 10% content of polyester-glass waste. The changes taking place in the composite material during loading were visualized using a piezoelectric sensor used in the acoustic emission method. Thanks to the analysis of the RMS parameter (root mean square of the acoustic emission signal), it is possible to determine the range of stresses at which significant changes occur in the material in terms of its use as a construction material. In the K-S entropy method, an important measuring tool is the extensometer, namely the displacement sensor built into it. The results obtained during the static tensile test with the use of an extensometer allow them to be used to calculate the K-S metric entropy. Many materials, including composite materials, do not have a yield point. In principle, there are no methods for determining the transition of a material from elastic to plastic phase. The authors showed that, with the use of a modern testing machine and very high-quality instrumentation to record measurement data using the Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy method and the acoustic emission (AE) method, it is possible to determine the material transition from elastic to plastic phase. Determining the yield strength of composite materials is extremely important information when designing a structure.

scholarly journals The effect of frog pressure and downward vertical load on hoof wall weight-bearing and third phalanx displacement in the horse - an in vitro study : research communication

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Olivier ◽  
J. Wannenburg ◽  
R.D. Gottschalk ◽  
M.J. Van der Linde ◽  
H.T. Groeneveld
Keyword(s):  
Solar Surface ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine

A shoe was designed to combine the advantages of a reverse shoe and an adjustable heart bar shoe in the treatment of chronic laminitis. This reverse even frog pressure (REFP) shoe applies pressure uniformly over a large area of the frog solar surface. Pressure is applied vertically upward parallel to the solar surface of the frog and can be increased or decreased as required. Five clinically healthy horses were humanely euthanased and their dismem-bered forelimbs used in an in vitro study. Frog pressure was measured by strain gauges applied to the ground surface of the carrying tab portion of the shoe. A linear variable distance transducer (LVDT) was inserted into a hole drilled in the dorsal hoof wall. The LVDT measured movement of the third phalanx (P3) in a dorsopalmar plane relative to the dorsal hoof wall. The vertical component of hoof wall compression was measured by means of unidirectional strain gauges attached to the toe, quarter and heel of the medial hoof wall of each specimen. The entire limb was mounted vertically in a tensile testing machine and submitted to vertical downward compressive forces of 0 to 2500 Nat a rate of 5 cm/minute. The effects of increasing frog pressure on hoof wall weight-bearing and third phalanx movement within the hoof were determined. Each specimen was tested with the shoe under the following conditions: zero frog pressure; frog pressure used to treat clinical cases of chronic laminitis (7 N-cm); frog pressure clinically painful to the horse as determined prior to euthanasia; frog pressure just alleviating this pain. The specimens were also tested after shoe removal. Total weight-bearing on the hoof wall at zero frog pressure was used as the basis for comparison. Pain-causing and pain-alleviating frog pressures decreased total weight-bearing on the hoof wall (P < 0.05). Frog pressure of 7 N-cm had no statistically significant effect on hoof wall weight-bearing although there was a trend for it to decrease as load increased. Before loading, the pain-causing and pain-alleviating frog pressures resulted in a palmar movement of P3 relative to the dorsal hoof wall compared to the position of P3 at zero frog pressure (P < 0.05). This difference remained statistically significant up to 1300 Nload. At higher loads, the position of P3 did not differ significantly for the different frog pressures applied. It is concluded that increased frog pressure using the REFP shoe decreases total hoof wall weight-bearing and causes palmar movement of P3 at low weight-bearing loads. Without a shoe the toe and quarter hoof wall compression remained more constant and less in magnitude, than with a shoe.

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