scholarly journals Microbial additives affect silage quality and ruminal dry matter degradability of avocado (Persia Americana) pulp silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1007
Author(s):  
B.D. Nkosi ◽  
R Meeske ◽  
M.C. Muya ◽  
T Langa ◽  
R.S. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Microbial Inoculation ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Soluble Fractions

This study evaluated effects of microbial inoculation on fermentation, aerobic stability and ruminal dry matter (DM) degradation of silage produced from Avocado (Persia Americana) pulp (AP). The AP, 800 g/kg fresh matter (FM) was mixed with 150 g grape pumice (GP)/kg FM and 50 g sugarcane molasses/kg FM. The mixture was treated with 1) no inoculant (control), 2) Emsilage inoculant (EMS), and 3) Sil-All 4x4 W.S. inoculant (SIL). Materials were ensiled in 1.5 L anaerobic jars for 90 days. Triplicate samples were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 10, and 90 for determination of fermentation, nutritive value and aerobic stability. In situ DM degradability was determined using 3 rumen cannulated Holstein cows. Microbial inoculation to AP silage increased lactic acid bacteria population, which subsequently increased residual fermentation substrate and lactic acid content. Terminal pH and volatile fatty acids of the silage were not affected by inoculation. Inoculated silage had less fibre and reduced aerobic stability compared to the control. The AP and its mixture had higher DM soluble fractions compared to the GP which had a higher degradation rate. Potential degradable fraction and extent of degradation were similar for each treatment. The EMS treatment had higher soluble fractions and lower degradation rate than other treatments. Inoculation with SIL improved degradation of the silage compared to other treatments. Thus, microbial inoculation qualifies the AP silage as a potential feed for ruminants. Keywords: feed, grape pomace, inoculant, oil cake, organic acid

scholarly journals Effect of the different level of a dry feed additive on the lupin silage quality

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Petr Doležal ◽  
Josef Rotter ◽  
Jan Doležal ◽  
Václav Pyrochta ◽  
Jaroslav Poul
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Higher Alcohol

In the experiment, the effect of additive on the fermentation quality of lupine was examined, by comparing with the untreated control. Fresh green Lupine (Lupines lupine), variete Juno, dry matter content 187.15 g/kg at full waxy stage of maturiy were chopped to the legth of cut ca 30–50 mm. The crop was artificially wilted for a periody 24 h and ensiled as described above. Lupine were ensiled for 98 days in laboratory silos, capacity about 4 L alone or with supplementation of feed additive (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 70 kg/tone forage respectively). The composition and as effective substances of this silage ingredient were dry whey (30%), maize meal (40%) and dry molases (30%). The silages fermented rapidly and changes in volatile fatty acids (VFA) production (P<0.01) and in sum of acids were noted. The different supplementation of additive in our experiment conditions increased significantly (P<0.01) the dry matter content, and decreased statistically significantly (P<0.01) the pH value. The higher DM content was in all experimental silages, but the highest DM content (P<0.01) was in silage with addition of 70 kg/t (231.58Ī0.91 g/kg). All treated silages were well fermented with low levels of ammonia and pH. The different addition of this aditive increased significantly (P<0.01) the contents of lactic acid and total content of acids in comparison with control silage. The experimental silage with higher (5%, resp. 7%) feed supplementation was of better quality (significantly higher ratio LA/sum of acids, higher content of lactic acid, lower NH3 content and pH value) than the control silage, or silage with lower concentration. In experiment feed additive–treated silages (by groups of 5 or 50 and 70 kg/t) had significantly higher alcohol content than untreated silage. It was concluded that feed additive used as a silage additive improved fermentation of lupine, reduced acetic acid and ammonia production and increased silage nutritive value.

scholarly journals Effect of Substitution of Urea With Different Type and Levels of Ruminant Manure on Nutritive Value of Rice Straw Silage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
Ali Ameen Saeed ◽  
Saja Intisar Abid
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
N Content ◽  
Aerobic Stability

This study was conducted in Nutrition Lab. to investigate the effect of the type and level of substitution of urea with ruminant manure, M (sheep, cow and buffalo) on basis of nitrogen (N) content on the nutritive value of rice straw silage (RSS). Accordingly silages were nominated as, S-RSS, C-RSS and B-RSS. Urea (U) was substituted with dried manure at 6 combinations, 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 of U:M. Silage samples were prepared by treating chopped straw with pre-treated solution contained 10% low quality debis and 2% urea. Results showed that lower (P˂0.01) DM loss (11.4%) was observed in S-RSS, and with addition of urea only (3.6%).        Samples of S-RSS and C-RSS recorded higher (P˂0.01) Fleig points (Fp) as compared with those prepared by the addition of B-RSS, 60.42, 55.58 and 49.59 respectively. Reduction (P˂0.01) in this parameter was noticed in samples prepared with a combination of 100:0. Aerobic stability (AS) was a reduced (P˂0.01) in samples prepared by addition of S-RSS by 15 and 13 hours in comparison with samples of C-RSS and B-RSS respectively. Samples prepared with combination of 100:0 were prior (P˂0.01) as compared with other samples.        Results also showed an increase (P˂0.01) in in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVOMD) in samples of S-RSS in comparison with samples prepared by addition of C-RSS and B-RSS, 49.99, 44.59 and 42.77% respectively. Samples prepared with combination of 100:0 recorded lower (P˂0.05) in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) as compared with combinations of 70:30 and 60:40 of U: M, 40.52, 45.36 and 45.94% respectively.

scholarly journals Fermentation profile and chemical composition of cassava root silage

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
Juliana Schuch PITIRINI ◽  
Rosana Ingrid Ribeiro dos SANTOS ◽  
Francy Manoely da Silva LIMA ◽  
Ilano Silva Braga do NASCIMENTO ◽  
Jehmison de Oliveira BARRADAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT The use of cassava root silage for animal feeding is a suitable option for farmers who grow cassava as an alternative product and for cattle ranchers who have to deal with high prices of corn. Our objective was to determine the effects of cassava genotypes and the correction of soil acidity on the microbial population, fermentation characteristics, chemical composition, aerobic stability and losses of cassava root silage. We used a 2 × 3 factorial design in completely randomized blocks, with four replications. We evaluated two cassava genotypes (Caeté and Manteiguinha) and three methods of soil acidity correction (lime, gypsum, and lime+gypsum). The roots were harvested 11 months after planting, ensiled in PVC silos, and stored for 45 days. No interaction was observed between genotypes and soil acidity correction for any of the evaluated parameters. The silage of Caeté genotype showed the highest concentration of dry matter (421 g kg-1 fresh matter) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (893 g kg-1 dry matter), and the lowest concentrations of neutral detergent fiber (37.1 g kg-1 dry matter) . No significant differences were observed among treatments for lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mold counts in silages. Both genotypes resulted in silages with an adequate fermentation profile and considerably high aerobic stability, but with high effluent loss. The Caeté genotype showed to be potentially better for silage production due to its higher dry matter recovery. Due to the high level of effluent loss, it is recommended to test the effect of a moisture-absorbing additive during the ensiling process of these cassava roots.

Characterisation of nitrogen fractions during ensilage of fresh and additive treated ryegrass

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
A P Williams ◽  
J E Cockbum ◽  
J K S Tweed
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Fractions ◽  
End Products ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

The conservation of herbage as silages results in a reduction in the nutritive value of the crop as a result of extensive proteolysis. Measurement of the major end products of proteolysis such as ammonia and amino acids has been studied extensively e.g. Oshima el al. (1979). Considerably less attention has been given to the fate of plant proteins during ensilage (Fairbairn et al., 1988). Since this may lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in proteolysis and thus to improvement in its control the present study was designed to follow changes in the major nitrogenous constituents, particularly proteins and peptides, through time course sampling of silages made from perennial ryegrass with and without additives.Perennial ryegrass (23% dry matter) was ensiled in laboratory silos (1 kg fresh matter), either untreated (UT) or treated with formic acid (FA) (ADD-F, BP Chemicals, UK: 3.3 l/tonne) or a cellulase enzyme preparation (E) (FSO-1), Forum Feeds, Finland; 0.22 1/tonne).

A meta‐analysis examining lactic acid bacteria inoculants for maize silage: Effects on fermentation, aerobic stability, nutritive value and livestock production

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bernardi ◽  
Carla J. Härter ◽  
Antonio W. L. Silva ◽  
Ricardo A. Reis ◽  
Carlos H. S. Rabelo
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability

scholarly journals Comparison study of flaxseed, cinnamon and lemon seed essential oils additives on quality and fermentation characteristics of lucerne silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Maghsoud BESHARATI ◽  
Masomeh NIAZIFAR ◽  
Zabihollah NEMATI ◽  
Valiollah PALANGI
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil Additives ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Cinnamon Essential Oil

<p>This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of some essential oils on chemical properties and aerobic stability of lucerne silage. Treatments included lucerne silage without additives (control), lucerne silage with 60 mg cinnamon essential oil/kg, lucerne silage with 60 mg flaxseed essential oil/kg, lucerne silage with 60 mg lemon seed essential oil/kg, lucerne silage with 180 mg blend of essential oils (60 mg cinnamon + 60 mg flaxseed + 60 mg lemon seed essential oils/kg).<strong> </strong>Adding essential oils to lucerne silage reduced silage pH (<em>p </em>&lt; 0.001) compared to control. The highest level of total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) was found when lemon seed essential oil and the lowest level when flaxseed essential oil was used. The lucerne silages treated with essential oils had the highest crude protein contents (<em>p </em>&lt; 0.01). Untreated lucerne silage had the highest level of gas production compared to lucerne silage treated with lemon seed and flaxseed essential oils (<em>p </em>&lt; 0.01). The essential oil additives increased the aerobic stability of the silage. It can be concluded that the use of essential oil additive in the preparation of high quality lucerne silage, can improves the quality and nutritive value of silages.</p>

Effects of adding a Lactobacillus Plantarum inoculant to grass ensiled at different dry matter concentrations and offered to beef cattle

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 115-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O'Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Different Levels

Silage fermentation is progressively restricted as the extent of pre-wilting increases (O'Kiely et_al., 1988). The magnitude of the improvement in silage nutritive value in response to a lactic acid bacteria inoculant could be related to the extent of the fermentation in the untreated silage. The objective of this experiment was to determine if the response in silage nutritive value to a Lactobacillus plantarum inoculant was similar at different levels of dry matter (DM) concentration.

scholarly journals Nutrient content and fermentation characteristics of ensiled Italian ryegrass and winter cereal mixtures for dairy cows

Krmiva ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Worku Alamayehu ◽  
Hedvig Fébel ◽  
Szilvia Orosz ◽  
Tamȧs Tóth ◽  
György Bȧzȧr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Winter Cereal ◽  
Fresh Mixture

The interest in new alternative forages in Europe has increased in recent years. The nutritional composition and fermentation characteristics during different stages of ensiling were studied with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and winter cereal mixtures. The trial was carried out on a large-scale farm Galgamenti Agricultural Limited Company, Tura, Hungary. Two different forage mixes were studied: Mixture A (three types of Italian ryegrass 40% + two types of triticale 20%+ two types of oats 20%+ wheat 15%+ barley 5%) and Mixture B (three types of Italian ryegrass 55% + two types of winter oats 45%). Experimental field was 30.600 m 2 by the treatments, respectively. The two different forage mixes were sown on 11th September 2017 (Mixture A: 75 kg seed/ha; Mixture B: 75 kg seed/ha) with depth of 2-5 cm. Plant protection treatment was not applied during the growing season. Cutting was carried out in heading stage of triticale by hand at 10 cm stubble height. The fresh Mixture A (dry matter 189 g/kg; crude protein: 161 g/kg DM; NDF: 485 g/kg DM) and the fresh Mixture B (dry matter 195 g/kg; crude protein: 159 g/kg DM; NDF: 519 g/kg DM) were wilted to 28-32% DM (24h) without any movement on the windrow. The wilted forage was picked up by hand and chopped by a forage harvester (John Deere 7300) on concrete surface with theoretical chop length of 9 mm (weight: 800 kg). Wilted and chopped material of 510 g were packed by hand into a glass jars (0.00072 m3 volume, n=5, total no. of minisilos = 15). Five laboratory silos per mixtures were opened on 7, 14 and 90 days after ensiling. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), ether extract (EE), ash, and total sugar of all treatments were determined. Additionally, pH and the concentration of ammonia-N, volatile fatty acids were measured in the ensiled mixtures. At the end of 90 days of ensiling in both mixture silages, there were significant differences (p&lt;0.05) in all nutrient contents except for ADF in Mixture A and CP, ash and CF in Mixture B which was not affected by fermentation duration. Ensiling caused a significant decrease in pH (p&lt;0.05), due to the production of lactic acid and succeeded to achieve lactic acid type fermentation. Values for ammonia-N, ethanol and acetic acid, butyric acid were all low. These results indicated that the fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass and winter cereal silages underwent rapid fermentation and were well-preserved.

NUTRITIVE VALUE OF FORMALDEHYDE-TREATED RAPESEED MEAL FOR DAIRY CALVES

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. SHARMA ◽  
J. R. INGALLS ◽  
J. A. McKIRDY
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

Treatment of oilseed meals with formaldehyde (FA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the solubility of protein in 0.02 N NaOH and the production of NH3 in the artificial rumen. Ten Holstein and Holstein × Brown Swiss calves of both sexes were fed two test rations containing either 26% untreated or formaldehyde-treated (5.6 g FA per 100 g protein) rapeseed meal (FA-treated RSM) for 14 weeks. Plasma urea nitrogen (N) and rumen NH3 levels were significantly (P < 0.01) lower in the FA-treated RSM calves compared with the control calves during the first 8 weeks of the growth trial. No significant difference (P > 0.05) in dry matter consumption, daily gain, or feed efficiency was observed. Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) (mmoles/100 ml) concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in rumen fluid from the control calves compared with those receiving treated RSM. Molar percentages of the VFA’s were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the two groups. In the N balance and digestibility trial, dry matter consumption did not differ significantly (P > 0.05); however, the FA-treated RSM resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) dry matter and crude protein digestibility. Calves receiving the treated RSM had reduced (P < 0.01) urinary N excretion; however, there was no significant effect (P > 0.05) on N consumption and retention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document