Microbiological Quality of Different Fresh Meat Species in Tunisian Slaughterhouses and Markets

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 773-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. FLISS ◽  
R. E. SIMARD ◽  
A. ETTRIKI
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Meat Samples

This study was undertaken to evaluate the bacterial contamination level of fresh meat from four different (meat samples) animal species, namely bovine, ovine, poultry, and equine (270 carcasses) collected in various Tunisian slaughterhouses and markets. The level of contamination was assessed using the excised skin technique. All meat surface samples were analyzed for total aerobic microflora, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and Escherichia coli as an indicator of fecal contamination. Regardless of animal species considered, counts were relatively high for fresh prepared meat. The mean level of contamination for all the meat samples varied from 5.104 to 3.105 CFU/cm2 for total aerobic mesophilic microflora, from 2.102 to 2.103 CFU/cm2 for total coliforms, from 4.101 to 2.102 for fecal coliforms and from 101 to 102 for E. coli. Ovine and poultry carcasses had the highest contamination level. The highest contamination levels were obtained from carcasses prepared in a municipal slaughterhouse and from local markets, where handling and storage conditions were often inappropriate. In this particular case, the total aerobic microflora count reached levels as high as 106 CFU/cm2.

Changes in the Microbiological Quality of Mangrove Oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana) during Different Storage Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAIKE TAÍS MAZIERO MONTANHINI ◽  
ROBERTO MONTANHINI NETO
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Contamination Levels

This study aimed to determine the effect of temperature and period of postharvest storage on the microbiological quality and shelf life of raw mangrove oysters, Crassostrea brasiliana. A total of 150 dozen oysters were collected directly from the points of extraction or cultivation in southern Brazil, and in the laboratory, they were stored raw at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25°C for 1, 4, 8, 11, and 15 days. On each of these days, the oysters were subjected to microbiological analyses of aerobic mesophilic count, total coliforms, enterococci, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella. None of the tested samples under any storage condition showed contamination levels above those allowed by Brazilian legislation for E. coli, S. aureus, and Salmonella, and there was no change (P > 0.05) in the counts of these microorganisms due to the temperature and/or period of oyster storage. Counts of enterococci and total coliforms showed a tendency to increase (P < 0.05) among the different temperatures tested. Raw mangrove oysters remain in safe microbiological conditions for consumption up to 8 days after harvesting, regardless of temperature, and their shelf life may be extended to 15 days if they are stored at temperatures not exceeding 15°C.

Contamination level and ingestion dose of foodborne pathogens associated with infections

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
pp. 1505-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. HARA-KUDO ◽  
K. TAKATORI
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Ingestion Dose ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Infectious Dose ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Contamination Levels

SUMMARYIntake of a small dose of foodborne pathogens can cause infection. In this study, an estimation of the infectious dose of the pathogens was obtained by conducting microbiological risk assessments. The contamination levels of foodborne pathogens were analysed in 17 outbreaks of Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157, enterotoxigenic E. coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Campylobacter jejuni occurring in Japan between 2004 and 2006. The infectious dose was estimated in 14 of the 17 outbreaks utilizing existing data. In three outbreaks of Salmonella infection in which the infection rate was 89–100%, the dose of the ingested pathogens was estimated to be 259 000–14 000 000 000 c.f.u. In other outbreaks of Salmonella infection, the infection rate and dose of the ingested pathogens were 10–66·4% and 81–1560 c.f.u. or most probable number (MPN), respectively. The ingested Salmonella dose is likely to be related to the infection rate; however, storage conditions should be taken into account when making this determination. In an outbreak of E. coli O157 infection, the infection rate and ingestion dose were 100% and 2 to <9 c.f.u., respectively, while in an outbreak of enterotoxigenic E. coli infection, they were 93% and 25–1000 c.f.u., respectively. Finally, in an outbreak of C. jejuni infection, the infection rate and ingestion dose were 37·5% and 360 MPN, respectively. These results will be particularly valuable for risk assessment.

Microbiological performance and salmonella dynamics in a wastewater depuration pond system of southeastern spain

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Emparanza-Knörr ◽  
Francisco Torrella
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Village ◽  
Final Effluent

The Salmonella presence and the microbiological quality indicators, total and fecal coliforms and coliphages of E. coli C, have been studied in a overloaded wastewater lagoon system treating urban wastewatrers of the village of Guardamar del Segura (Alicante, Spain). Classical microbiological technology to detect salmonellae was used, including pre-enrichment, enrichment, selective media plating and biochemical and serological confirmation. Water was physicochemically characterized according to COD, SS, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen. The selective migration step through Rappaport-Vassiliadis semisolid agar medium was essential for the consistent detection of Salmonella in the different lagoon effluents. Total and fecal coliform levels of up to 105-106 MPN/100 ml were detected in the final effluent. High coliphage concentrations of 103-104 pfu/ml were also found in the effluent waters. Salmonella was always detected in 100 ml samples and eventually reached an order of value of 103 MPN/100 ml. Total coliform reduction was higher in the anaerobic ponds whereas fecal coliforms were more efficiently eliminated in the facultative (mostly “anoxic”) lagoons. Coliphage reduction was higher in the facultative lagoons when compared to the anaerobic ponds. On many occasions, no reduction or eventual increment of the concentration of salmonellae was detected in the effluents from the anaerobic ponds compared to concentrations of the patohogen in the influent raw wasterwaters. The possibility exists for a capacity of Salmonella to multiply in the anoxic phase of the wastewater treatment, but the presence of microorganisms in raw sewage waters which could maskSalmonella detection with the enrichment methodology employed cannot be ruled out.

scholarly journals Are the defined substrate-based methods adequate to determine the microbiological quality of natural recreational waters?

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Sofia Valente ◽  
Paulo Pedro ◽  
M. Carmen Alonso ◽  
Juan J. Borrego ◽  
Lídia Dionísio
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Rapid Tests

Monitoring the microbiological quality of water used for recreational activities is very important to human public health. Although the sanitary quality of recreational marine waters could be evaluated by standard methods, they are time-consuming and need confirmation. For these reasons, faster and more sensitive methods, such as the defined substrate-based technology, have been developed. In the present work, we have compared the standard method of membrane filtration using Tergitol-TTC agar for total coliforms and Escherichia coli, and Slanetz and Bartley agar for enterococci, and the IDEXX defined substrate technology for these faecal pollution indicators to determine the microbiological quality of natural recreational waters. ISO 17994:2004 standard was used to compare these methods. The IDEXX for total coliforms and E. coli, Colilert®, showed higher values than those obtained by the standard method. Enterolert® test, for the enumeration of enterococci, showed lower values when compared with the standard method. It may be concluded that more studies to evaluate the precision and accuracy of the rapid tests are required in order to apply them for routine monitoring of marine and freshwater recreational bathing areas. The main advantages of these methods are that they are more specific, feasible and simpler than the standard methodology.

Microbial Quality, Safety, and Pathogen Detection by Using Quantitative PCR of Raw Salad Vegetables Sold in Dhanbad City, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUJEET K. MRITUNJAY ◽  
VIPIN KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Salad Vegetables

ABSTRACT Consumption of ready-to-eat fresh vegetables has increased worldwide, with a consequent increase in outbreaks caused by foodborne pathogens. In the Indian subcontinent, raw fresh vegetables are usually consumed without washing or other decontamination procedures, thereby leading to new food safety threats. In this study, the microbiological quality and pathogenic profile of raw salad vegetables was evaluated through standard protocols. In total, 480 samples (60 each of eight different salad vegetables) of cucumber, tomato, carrot, coriander, cabbage, beetroot, radish, and spinach were collected from different locations in Dhanbad, a city famous for its coal fields and often called the “Coal Capital of India.” The samples were analyzed for total plate count, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. Incidences of pathogens were detected through quantitative PCR subsequent to isolation. Results showed that 46.7% (for total plate counts) and 30% (for total coliforms) of samples were unacceptable for consumption per the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India. Pathogenic microorganisms were detected in 3.7% of total samples. E. coli O157:H7 was detected in three samples of spinach (2) and beetroot (1); L. monocytogenes was detected in 14 samples of spinach (8), tomato (3), cucumber (2), and radish (1); and Salmonella spp. were detected in 16 samples of spinach (7), tomato (3), beetroot (2), cucumber (2), carrot (1), and radish (1). Pathogens were not detected in any of the cabbage and coriander samples.

Commercialization Conditions and Practices Influence the Microbiological Quality of Mineral Waters

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
SÉRGIO A. P. NUNES FILHO ◽  
ANDERSON S. SANT'ANA ◽  
ADRIANO G. CRUZ
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Bottled Mineral Water

The objective of the present study was to determine the microbiological quality of bottled mineral water marketed in commercial establishments and by street vendors and to evaluate the influence of the storage and maintenance conditions on the microbiological quality of the product. Ten samples from the same batches of five different brands of water were analyzed, for a total of 50 samples. Of the five brands analyzed, only one (brand A), when collected in a commercial establishment, complied with the legal Brazilian standards for mineral water with respect to the presence of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The remaining samples failed to comply with these microbiological standards for at least one of the parameters evaluated. The water samples obtained from street vendors were inferior in microbiological quality to samples from the same batch that were obtained from commercial establishments.

scholarly journals Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Carrying Virulence Genes in Coastal Marine Sediments

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (17) ◽  
pp. 5659-5668 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Luna ◽  
C. Vignaroli ◽  
C. Rinaldi ◽  
A. Pusceddu ◽  
L. Nicoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT Despite the recognized potential of long-term survival or even growth of fecal indicators bacteria (FIB) in marine sediments, this compartment is largely ignored by health protection authorities. We conducted a large-scale study over approximately 50 km of the Marche coasts (Adriatic Sea) at depths ranging from 2 to 5 m. Total and fecal coliforms (FC) were counted by culture-based methods. Escherichia coli was also quantified using fluorescence in situ hybridization targeting specific 16S rRNA sequences, which yielded significantly higher abundances than culture-based methods, suggesting the potential importance of viable but nonculturable E. coli cells. Fecal coliforms displayed high abundances at most sites and showed a prevalence of E. coli. FC isolates (n = 113) were identified by API 20E, additional biochemical tests, and internal transcribed spacer-PCR. E. coli strains, representing 96% of isolates, were then characterized for genomic relatedness and phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, and D) of origin by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and multiplex-PCR. The results indicated that E. coli displayed a wide genotypic diversity, also among isolates from the same station, and that 44 of the 109 E. coli isolates belonged to groups B2 and D. Further characterization of B2 and D isolates for the presence of 11 virulence factor genes (pap, sfa/foc, afa, eaeA, ibeA, traT, hlyA, stx 1, stx 2, aer, and fyuA) showed that 90% of B2 and 65% of D isolates were positive for at least one of these. Most of the variance of both E. coli abundance and assemblage composition (>62%) was explained by a combination of physical-chemical and trophic variables. These findings indicate that coastal sediments could represent a potential reservoir for commensal and pathogenic E. coli and that E. coli distribution in marine coastal sediments largely depends upon the physical and trophic status of the sediment. We conclude that future sampling designs aimed at monitoring the microbiological quality of marine coastal areas should not further neglect the analysis of the sediment and that monitoring of these environments can be improved by including molecular methods as a complement of culture-based techniques.

MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TILAPIA AND WATER IN AQUACULTURE FARMS FROM SINALOA

Biotecnia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
José Antonio Valenzuela-Armenta ◽  
Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho ◽  
Julio Adalberto Cabanillas-Ramos ◽  
Magdalena de Jesus Uribe-Beltrán ◽  
Mária del Carmen De la Cruz-Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The World ◽  
Fishery Products

Tilapia is the most cultivated fish around the world. The fish’s environment can harbor bacteria, especially coliforms, which are not normal biota of fish. These microorganisms are contamination indicator groups (IGs) reflecting the possible presence of pathogens, which can compromise the safety of fishery products. The IGs prevalence was estimated in tilapia and water from 29 aquaculture farms. Total and fecal coliforms (TC, FC), mesophilic aerobic bacteria (MAB), S. aureus, E. coli, Salmonella sp., and Streptococcus sp., were investigated. In tilapia, TC and FC were detected in 64% and 48% of the samples, ranging from 4.0 x 101 to 9.8 x 105, and from 1.0 x 101 to 6.4 x 103 CFU/g, respectively; MAB were detected in 90% of the samples. In water, TC and FC were detected in 57% and 35% of the samples, oscillating from 1.0 x 101 to 2.28 x104, and from 1.0 x 101 to 1.2 x 103 CFU/mL, respectively. MAB were detected in 89% of the water samples. Mostly E. coli and Enterobacter agglomerans were detected. Generally, IGs concentrations meet the Mexican regulations; however, the tilapia’s microbiological quality must be continuously monitored.

Recovery of coliform bacteria from rural groundwater supplies using reduced oxygen concentrations during incubation

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Shirey ◽  
G. K. Bissonnette
Keyword(s):  
Colony Size ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Incubation ◽  
Aerobic Incubation ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crowding Effects ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

The effect of decreased oxygen concentration during incubation of M-Endo medium on detection of coliforms from rural groundwater supplies was examined. Incubation oxygen concentrations of 0 (anaerobic GasPak), 4, 8, and 21% (atmospheric) were examined. Our findings point to several advantages of using anaerobic incubation for the isolation of coliforms: (i) higher verification rates with concomitant decreases in occurrence of false-positive coliforms; (ii) overall reduction in growth of nonsheen colonies; and (iii) reduction in colony size for nonsheen organisms, thereby minimizing crowding effects and facilitating enumeration of coliform colonies. However, these advantages were not sufficient to permit increased recovery of total coliforms as compared with standard aerobic incubation. In addition, the increased frequency of detecting false-negative coliforms during anaerobic incubation is a disadvantage to this method. While detection of total coliforms was reduced under conditions of anaerobiosis, the detection of fecal coliforms and (or) E. coli was not impeded.Key words: coliforms, anaerobiosis, groundwater, sheen formation.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of shellfish and evaluation of compact dry EC for detecting total coliforms and Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vásquez García ◽  
S.H. Gomes de Sá ◽  
G. de Sousa Silva ◽  
J.E. Mejia Ballesteros ◽  
E. Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of oysters and mussels grown in Cananéia, Brazil, by analysing mesophiles, psychrothophic bacteria, moulds and yeasts, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp., and to compare the efficiency of Compact Dry EC method and the conventional method for counting of total coliforms and Escherichia coli. The microbial analysis showed that the mean values of mesophilic counts were 3.14±0.81 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.92±0.90 for mussels; the mean values of psychrophilic counts were 2.78±0.75 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.22±0.75 log CFU g−1 for mussels; the mean values of mould and yeast counts were 3.70±0.58 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.33±0.81 log CFU g−1 for mussels. Salmonella spp. did not present positive results, and the maximal count of Staphylococcus aureus was 1.7 log CFU g−1, therefore, within the limits established in the legislation. The correlation coefficients between the Compact Dry EC method and conventional method were >0.87 for total coliform and E. coli counts for both types of shellfish. The data in this study show that the Compact Dry EC method is an acceptable alternative to conventional methods for enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in shellfish.

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