Language use before and after Stonewall

2022 ◽  
pp. 144-162
Author(s):  
Heiko Motschenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Before And After

Carthage after the Punic Wars and the Neo-Punic Legacy

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-196
Author(s):  
Matthew Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Punic Wars

This chapter provides a brief introduction to how the historiographical development of Roman studies, since mid-twentieth century decolonization, has altered our understanding of the developments which took place in North Africa following the destruction of Carthage in 146 bce. The reader is introduced to literary, epigraphic, and archaeological sources of evidence, which have traditionally been used to argue for either cultural change or continuity. After an initial examination of the immediate aftermath of the Third Punic War, Roman land appropriation and taxation, the focus is on sources of evidence usually described as “Punic,” “neo-Punic” or “Late Punic,” covering the spheres of municipal institutions, language use, and religious and funerary rituals. The vibrant multiculturalism and regional diversity of the Mediterranean and especially North Africa, both before and after the Roman conquest, is the dominant theme. This is used to shift emphasis away from grand explanatory paradigms based on essentialist identity categories, and toward a more nuanced picture of the complex and multivariate processes of cultural development and integration.

scholarly journals Linguistic Loneliness and Study Abroad

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Cynthia Slagter ◽  
Marcie J. Pyper
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Language Test ◽  
Before And After

This article considers the conflict between students’ desire to improve their target language skills and their desire for belonging and community . The stud y, conducted over three years, examines student perceptions of barriers to target language gain during semester long study abroad. Participants completed surveys, took the Versant Language Test before and after their study abroad experience, and partici pated in a post program interview . Results suggest that students experience conflicting priorities in decisions governing native language versus target language use during study abroad. Although some persist in speaking the target language with their co national peers, they find it unsatisfying because they are unable to meet their social needs . Valuing relationships over linguistic improvements, students resort to speaking their native language among themselves during study abroad . The research ers suggest strategies for how to best prepare students to reconcile these tensions.

scholarly journals THE LANGUAGE AND IDEOLOGY OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT FOR DRUG CONVICTS FOUND IN SELECTED OPINIONS IN THE JAKARTA POST

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Arina Isti’anah
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Verbal Processes ◽  
Language And Ideology

This research is an investigation into the language use in peoples opinions of capital punishment for drug convicts in The Jakarta Post. Capital punishment was executed to six drug convicts on January 18th , 2015. Controversy about this action has risen before and after the execution. People give their opinions in social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, blogs, and newspapers. The Jakarta Post is a well-known English newspaper in Indonesia which has a lot of readers. People choose this newspaper to convey their ideas so that their opinions will be read by people around the world. As the issue about capital punishment is popular recently, this research attempts at finding out peoples ideology about capital punishment for drug convicts. Critical discourse analysis was conducted in this research as an approach to figure out how language use by the people can reveal their ideology of capital punishment. This research focused on observing four opinions of capital punishment for drug convicts in The Jakarta Post. The analysis shows that material processes dominate the opinions, followed by relational, mental and verbal processes. The ideologies revealed in the opinions are power, pessimism, and criticism. Before the execution, pessimism dominates the opinions, while after the execution criticism appears most in the opinions.

The Translator’s Ideology: A Study of Three Persian Translations of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Amin Amirdabbaghian ◽  
Krishnavanie Shunmugam
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Novel ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract The ideology and worldviews of a community may be shifted and modified through social changes brought about by political upheavals. In a country like Iran, the Islamic revolution (1979/80) has played a major role in re-shaping the ideology of the governing body which among many other things involves modifications in the language policy. After the revolution, Persian speakers were encouraged to be more conservative in their use of language. As a result, those who tended to produce discourse which was more conservative and Islam-oriented became more popular and respected among the Iranian people. Ideology is one of the major factors which influences the manipulation of language use in translation. Prefaces and introductions which form the paratexts to a translated product often contain expressions of a translator’s ideology, and this usually manifests itself in the translation product. This study aims to describe the ideological impact of the social situation both in the pre- and post-revolutionary era in Iran on translations of George Orwell’s famous political novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) into Persian. This study will, therefore, compare the prefaces in three Persian translations of Nineteen Eighty-Four which were produced before and after the 1979 Iranian Islamic Revolution. The three Persian translations are by Mehdi Bahremand (1976), Zhila Sazegar (1980) and Saleh Hosseini (1982). This study employs Farahzad’s (2012) second dimension of the three-dimensional translation criticism model i. e. paratextual analysis alongside Lefevere’s (1992) theory of manipulation to investigate some of the lexical differences that manifest themselves in the pre-and post-revolutionary Persian translations of Nineteen Eighty-Four which reflect the personal ideologies of the three Persian translators as explicitly or implicitly expressed in their prefaces.

scholarly journals Improving content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics using Movie Trailer Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Nehru Pasoloran Pongsapan ◽  
Andi Anto Patak
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Writing Ability ◽  
Content Organization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Writing Class ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Digital Material ◽  
The Media

<span lang="EN-US">Writing implicates conveying or communicating ideas or thoughts obliges the media either in conventional (paper and pen) or digital material (computer). This research applied a pre-experimental approach with one group pretest and post-test design. The independent variable is movie trailers as teaching media. The dependent variable is students' writing skills consist of content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics. This research indicated a significant difference in writing skills before and after the treatment using movie trailers with narrative text. There were 30 writing class students participated in this research; hence, they are homogeneous. Students seemed to be more encouraged to learn more about writing skills with enjoyable and relaxing strategies. This research signposted significant impact on the movie trailer's usage of writing skills’ improvement. Movie trailers could be used as one of the learning media to foster students' resolution in telling stories in writing based on the imagination that comes after watching. Therefore, this research recommends using a movie trailer as one strategy to improve the students' writing ability.</span>

scholarly journals THE USE OF MISTAKE BUSTER TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bahrun Amin
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
T Test ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Statistical Computation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Research Findings

This research aimed to find out whether or not Mistake Buster Technique is effective to be used in writing a recount composition and find out the extent to which Mistake Buster Technique improve the ability of students in writing a recount composition for the Second Grade Students. A  quasi-experimental design was employed  with two  classes of the  second graders at  one school  in Makassar selected  purposively as a sample.  The data were obtained through a pre-test and a post-test.  The writing  assessment was adopted  from  Depdikbud  (1996)  covering language use and organization.  The findings were analyzed statistically sing independent t-test procedure.The research findings indicated that the use of Mistake Buster Technique could improve the students‘ writing skill in language use and organization in writing recount composition. It was proved by the students’ mean score of experimental class in pre-test was (10.125) and in post-test was (65.5).While the mean score of control class in pre-test was (9.375) and in post-test was (41.125). The findings of this research shows that the value of t-test in the posttest is higher than t table (4.28 > 2,02). It means that there was a significant difference of the students’ writing skill in language use and organization in writing recount composition before and after being taught using Mistake Buster Technique at the Second Grade of SMPN 33 Makassar. The statistical computation showed that Mistake Buster Technique was likely effective in improving the students’ writing skill on language use and organization in writing recount composition.

Analysis of Real-World Language Use in a Person With Wernicke's Aphasia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Louisa B. Suting ◽  
Jennifer Mozeiko
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Wernicke's Aphasia ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Communication Environments ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Aphasia Treatment ◽  
Language Environment

Purpose In this study, we evaluate the use of a technology called the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) Pro System to quantify the language of a participant with severe Wernicke's aphasia in their home environment. We aimed to characterize language use at home, particularly as it changed in response to an intensive aphasia treatment. Method The participant was trained to use a wearable recording device pre and post 30 hr of intensive aphasia treatment. LENA software was used to process the language data and to determine word counts and conversational turns and compared to manual analysis. Various communication variables were coded for all conversation samples. Results The participant operated the device independently and provided 30 hr of recordings for analysis. Posttreatment, the participant demonstrated a 78.4% increase in adult word count, a 27.5% increase in conversational turn count, an increase in the number of communication partners, and in the diversity of communication environments. There was a 26% decrease in the amount of time spent on electronics and a 140% increase in the number of instances conversing in a social setting. Manual and automated measures showed poor agreement for this particular participant. Conclusions In this study, we establish the feasibility of using LENA to collect language samples in a participant with severe Wernicke's aphasia in their home environment. Using this method, we were able to characterize and quantify language samples in multiple dimensions before and after language treatment.

scholarly journals Online influence, offline violence: language use on YouTube surrounding the ‘Unite the Right’ rally

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle van der Vegt ◽  
Maximilian Mozes ◽  
Paul Gill ◽  
Bennett Kleinberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Identity Performance ◽  
Social Movement Theory ◽  
Movement Theory ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe media frequently describes the 2017 Charlottesville ‘Unite the Right’ rally as a turning point for the alt-right and white supremacist movements. Social movement theory suggests that the media attention and public discourse concerning the rally may have engendered changes in social identity performance and visibility of the alt-right, but this has yet to be empirically tested. The presence of the movement on YouTube is of particular interest, as this platform has been referred to as a breeding ground for the alt-right. The current study investigates whether there are differences in language use between 7142 alt-right and progressive YouTube channels, in addition to measuring possible changes as a result of the rally. To do so, we create structural topic models and measure bigram proportions in video transcripts, spanning approximately 2 months before and after the rally. We observe differences in topics between the two groups, with the ‘alternative influencers’, for example, discussing topics related to race and free speech to a larger extent than progressive channels. We also observe structural breakpoints in the use of bigrams at the time of the rally, suggesting there are changes in language use within the two groups as a result of the rally. While most changes relate to mentions of the rally itself, the alternative group also shows an increase in promotion of their YouTube channels. In light of social movement theory, we argue that language use on YouTube shows that the Charlottesville rally indeed triggered changes in social identity performance and visibility of the alt-right.

scholarly journals APPLYING TEXT-BASED APPROACH USING ECOTEXT TO IMPROVE DESCRIPTIVE WRITING SKILL OF THE 7TH GRADERS OF SMP KRISTEN PAYETI, EAST SUMBA

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Melkyanus Dju Rohi ◽  
I Wayan Simpen ◽  
Ni Wayan Sukarini
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Language Use ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Content Organization ◽  
Embedded Design ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Descriptive Writing

Text based approach is one of the approaches implemented in 2013 curriculum which is ignored by the English teacher in teaching. Besides, the teacher has not yet related the materials taught with the learners` environment, especially the local excellences.  This research aims to give a description both quantitatively and qualitatively on how the result of descriptive writing skill of the 7th graders’ of SMP Kristen Payeti before and after the implementation of text-based approach using ecotext with the theme of horse `njara` is. The data were collected through pretest, observation during the treatment, and posttest. This research uses concurrent embedded design in which the qualitative method is embedded or nested within the quantitative method. The results show that before the treatment the average achievement of the learners in composing descriptive text was 62. It is below the minimum completion criteria (KKM), that is 70. Individually, only 10 of 32 learners passed the exam. After the treatment, the average achievement became 78.69 or increased by 16.69 on five aspects analyzed, content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanic. Only 3 of 32 learners failed. In addition, the treatment is suitable with the perspective of ecolinguistics in language learning, mainly the relation, the context, the emergence, the quality, the variability, and the activity. In conclusion, text based approach using ecotext can be implemented to improve the learners skill in writing descriptive text.      

scholarly journals Language use before and after Stonewall: A corpus-based study of gay men’s pre-Stonewall narratives

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Motschenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Western World ◽  
Gay Liberation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
The 19Th Century

This study presents a contrastive corpus linguistic analysis of language use before and after Stonewall. It uses theoretical insights on normativity from the field of language and sexuality to investigate how the shifting normativities associated with the Stonewall Riots (1969) – widely considered the central event of gay liberation in the Western world – have shaped our conceptualization of sexuality as it surfaces in language use. Drawing on two corpora of gay men’s pre-Stonewall narratives dating from two time periods (before and after Stonewall, called PRE and POST), the analysis combines quantitative (keyword analysis, collocation analysis) and qualitative (concordance analysis) corpus linguistic methods to examine discursive shifts as evident from narrators’ language use. The study identifies the terms homosexual and normal as central contrastive labels in PRE, and gay and straight as corresponding terms in POST. Other discursive shifts detected are from sexual desire/practices to identity (and vice versa), from an individualistic to a community-based conceptualization of sexuality, and from unquestioned heteronormativity and gender binarism to a weakening of such dominant discourses. The findings are discussed in relation to the desire-identity shift, which is traditionally assumed to have taken place at the end of the 19th century, and shed new light on Stonewall as a central event for the development of an identity-based conceptualization of sexuality as we know it today.

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