scholarly journals Study on Ability of Ulstrasonic in Determining Joints in Dimension Stone Blocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Viet Van Pham ◽  
Tuan Anh Nguyen ◽  
Hoa Van Pham ◽  
Bao Dinh Tran ◽  
Phong Duyen Nguyen ◽  
...  

Ulstrasonic has been popularly applied in more practical sectors, contributing to assess any issues, such as non-homogeneous, defects, without direct measures. One of these applications is for solid materials, such as rock. With the characteristics and abilities of ulstrasonic, as well as dimension stone characteristics, the author studied the applied ability of this wave in dimension stone quarrying. Particularly, this is determining joints in stone blocks before delivering to the processing plant. Basing on researching the character, size, rock mechanics of stone bocks and ulstrasonic features, its work capability, principle of None-Destructive Testing device (NDT), the paper shows that measure method by ulstrasonic could exactly and reliably estimate joints in stone block. From ulstrasonic feature of transfering around avoid instead of not transfering through it, the method is released to navigate position, size and shape of joints in stone blocks.

Author(s):  
Z.M. Selivanova ◽  
V.S. Eryshova

An information-measuring system for non-destructive testing of thermophysical properties of solid materials with an intelligent sensor has been developed. Mathematical models for reconfiguring the structure of the information-measuring system and the intelligent sensor were built. Algorithms for changing the configuration of the intelligent sensor and the functioning of the information-measuring system have been developed, allowing us to expand the systems functionality for studying thermophysical properties of solid materials in a wide range of thermal conductivities, as well as to improve the accuracy and efficiency of thermophysical measurements by adapting the system to the class of materials studied.


2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kevin M. Dugmore

The experiments and their results contained herein will form the basis for the development of a portable non-destructive testing device for composite structures. This device is to be capable of detecting any of a variety of defects and assessing their severity within a short time


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7232
Author(s):  
Paweł Strzałkowski

Natural dimension stone processing generates large volumes of stone waste, which have a significant impact on the environment, as well as on the efficiency and profitability of the stone-processing plant. The article presents the characteristics of waste produced as a result of natural dimension stone processing and the structure of the waste production process. Solid stone scraps and sludge were distinguished. On the basis of the performed analyses, it was shown that stone waste constitutes 10–35% in relation to the quantity of the processed stone material, with the quantity of sludge being even threefold greater than the volume of solid scraps. According to the circular economy principles, the aim should be to reduce the amount of waste generated by reducing primary resources in favour of secondary material. Reducing the volume of stone waste is possible through rational planning of stone production while at the same time maximising the efficiency of stone material usage and introducing the most modern processing machines. This significant volume of stone waste encourages efforts to find solutions for both its management and reduction. This paper reviews the utility potential of stone waste. Sensible use of waste is important to increase the profitability and productivity of processing plants while incentivising environmental protection.


2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 2555-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yu Luo ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Zi Jian Wang ◽  
Yi Sheng Zhang

In order to realize the nondestructive testing for hot forming high strength steel parts, a hardness testing device based on Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) was developed. By measuring MBN of standardized blocks of Rockwell hardness and extracting feature values of the noise, a fitted curve between hardness and MBN peak was calibrated. Good linearity was found between hardness and MBN peak within high hardness range 35~60HRC. The testing device was proved to be high-precision and stable by measuring the practical high strength steel parts.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6671
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Zykov ◽  
Vladimir Vavilov ◽  
Marina Kuimova

The photothermocapillary (PTC) effect is a deformation of the free surface of a thin liquid layer on a solid material that is caused by the dependence of the coefficient of surface tension on temperature. The PTC effect is highly sensitive to variations in the thermal conductivity of solids, and this is the basis for PTC techniques in the non-destructive testing of solid non-porous materials. These techniques analyze thermal conductivity and detect subsurface defects, evaluate the thickness of thin varnish-and-paint coatings (VPC), and detect air-filled voids between coatings and metal substrates. In this study, the PTC effect was excited by a “pumped” Helium-Neon laser, which provided the monochromatic light source that is required to produce optical interference patterns. The light of a small-diameter laser beam was reflected from a liquid surface, which was contoured by liquid capillary action and variations in the surface tension. A typical contour produces an interference pattern of concentric rings with a bright and wide outer ring. The minimal or maximal diameter of this pattern was designated as the PTC response. The PTC technique was evaluated to monitor the thickness of VPCs on thermally conductive solid materials. The same PTC technique has been used to measure the thickness of air-filled delaminations between a metal substrate and a coating.


2020 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Leonardo Luiz Lyrio da Silveira ◽  
Bruna dos Santos Cezar Ferreira ◽  
Phillipe Fernandes de Almeida ◽  
Victor Moza Ponciano

The dimension stone wrapping process is a method used before the sawing of the block which aims to enhance the integrity of the rock, thus ensuring that fractured or altered blocks remain intact while they are handling and splitting into slabs. This method increases safety and allows the processing of many materials once not commercialized. Nevertheless, the epoxy resin used in the process comes from a non-renewable resource and contains toxic substances on its composition. Therefore, in order to increase the eco-efficiency in the sector of dimension stones, a comparison of the epoxy resin with an ecological and non-toxic resin based on the castor oil, was carried out aiming to know the resulting tensile strength in the contact of the polymer with the stone surface. Two types of rocks were tested, a silicate and a carbonate one. The results indicated that the castor oil resin performed a higher tensile strength regarding carbonate rocks, suggesting that the castor oil resin could replace the epoxy resin when applied to this rock group, providing an environmental advantage and a global marketing differential.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luanna Cavalcanti Rebecchi de Moura ◽  
Daniele Pereira da Silva Dalto ◽  
Amanda Mozer ◽  
Roberto Carlos da Conceição Ribeiro

ResumoA Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Candelária, cuja construção do atual prédio data de 1898, localiza-se no centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Em 1938 foi inscrita pelo IPHAN nos Livros do Tombo Histórico e no de Belas Artes. Visando a preservação deste patrimônio nacional propõe-se avaliar o estado de conservação das rochas que compõe as fachadas da Igreja, identificar as litologias e os diversos danos presentes no exterior do primeiro andar, e por meio de ensaios não-destrutivos in situ avaliar a dureza e a propagação de ondas ultrassônicas na fachada principal. Para tanto foram avaliados 280 pontos de dureza e 87 pontos de velocidade ultrassônica. Foram também realizadas avaliações pontuais de FRX portátil e coletas de água de lavagem. Os resultados indicaram que a rocha na fachada principal é o leptinito, e os principais danos são formações de bolhas e microfissuras. Na fachada posterior e nas laterais os corpos rochosos são gnaisses facoidais e há menos feições de alteração. As perdas de material, filmes negros, pichações e fezes de animais são danos comuns a todas as fachadas. Dentre as conclusões foi possível verificar que as rochas da fachada principal aparentam maior desgaste em relação às demais fachadas, nesta observaram-se exposições minerais e menor resistência a impactos, que podem indicar que as rochas encontram-se em processo de alteração, possivelmente acentuado pela proximidade ao mar, poluição por dióxido de enxofre, pela utilização da área externa da igreja como abrigo para pernoite de moradores de rua e pelos impactos e vibrações decorrentes de obras e tráfego no entorno.Palavras Chave: rochas ornamentais, alterabilidade, Igreja de Nossa Senhora da CandeláriaAbstractMORPHOLOGY STUDY OF ALTERATION PRESENT IN THE ROCK FACADES OF NOSSA SENHORA DA CANDELÁRIA CHURCH. The Church of Nossa Senhora da Candelária, whose construction of the current building dates from 1898, is located in Rio de Janeiro´s downtown. It was registered in 1938 by IPHAN in the books Tombo Histórico and in Belas Artes. For the preservation of this national heritage is proposed to evaluate the conservation status of the dimension stone present in the facades of the Church, identification of lithologies and various damage present on the exterior of the first floor, and through non-destructive testing in situe valuate the hardness and determinate the sound speed propagation in the main facade. Therefore, 280 hardness points were evaluated and 87 points of the ultrasonic velocity. Also there were pontual evaluations by using portable XRF and water sampling. The results point out the predominant rock in the main facade is the leptinite gneiss, and major damage are formations of blistering and microcracks. On the back facade and sides the bodies are augen gneisses and there is less change of features, most related to human interventions such as mortar applications. The loss of material, black films, graffiti and animal feces damage are common to all the facades. Among the conclusions it was possible to verify that the dimension stones of the main facade appear more damage compared to other facades, were observed mineral exposures, lower resistance to impact and change of color, which may indicate that the stones are in change process possibly enhanced by proximity to the sea, pollution from sulfur dioxide, the removal of graffiti, the use of the area outside the church as a shelter for the homeless overnight and the impacts and vibrations resulting from works and surrounding traffic. Keywords: dimension stone, alterability, Church of Nossa Senhora da Candelária


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