Effect of chronological age and sex on tenderness and juiciness of beef from cattle raised in Puerto Rico

Effects of chronological age (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 permanent Incisors [PI]) and sex were evaluated on meat quality of the Longissimus lumborum muscle using 130 beef-type animals. Hot carcass weight (HCW), intramuscular fat (IF), pH, tenderness (WBS), color (L*, a*, and b*), water holding capacity and sensory properties (tenderness, juiciness, and general acceptance) were evaluated. Females had lower HCW (178 vs. 252 kg; P<0.0001), greater IF (6.48 vs. 3.87%; P<0.0001), and higher pH (5.74 vs. 5.59; P=0.0179). As age increased, IF decreased in males, while the opposite occurred in females (P=0.0153). Younger animals had lighter, redder, and yellower meat (greater L*, a* and b*, respectively; P<0.05). Higher pH resulted in lower L*, a* and b* values (P<0.05) and a lower proportion of water liberated evident by a negative correlation of -0.57 (P<0.0001). Females had more tender meat (8.06 vs. 9.08 kg; P<0.05). An interaction between sex and age (P=0.0011) resulted from females with 6 and 8 PI and males with 8 PI having lower WBS. Although unexpected, these results could have been influenced by greater pH and IF within these age categories. The sensory panel found no differences in any of the attributes tested (P>0.05). To better understand how age and sex affect meat quality, pH variations must be addressed.

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Growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Chinese indigenous Yanan pig crossbred with Duroc and Berkshire genotypes

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an17450 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (6) ◽

pp. 1147 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yan Chen ◽

Yingying Wei ◽

Jianning Chen ◽

Daojun Lv ◽

Peining Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Production Performance ◽

Total Production ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Water Holding ◽

Intramuscular Fat Content

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of crossbreeding on the growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Chinese native Yanan (YN) pig breed and related crossbreeds, including Duroc × Yanan (DY) and Duroc × (Berkshire × Yanan) (DBY). In total, 60 pigs (20 per breed) were used in the study. The results showed that both crossbreeds, especially DBY pigs, exhibited improved growth and carcass characteristics compared with those of purebred YN pigs. Moreover, the two crossbreeds, especially DBY pigs, produced acceptable meat-quality characteristics (normal pH and meat-colour values, high intramuscular fat content and water-holding capacity, acceptable muscle-fibre parameters, and strong pork flavour) similar to those of YN pigs. M. longissimus lumborum contained eight essential amino acids, with high contents in all pigs. C18:1, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:2 were the main fatty acids in M. longissimus lumborum in the three breeds, and a polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio of ~0.2 was observed in DBY and YN pigs. These results indicated that DBY pigs exhibit an acceptable total production performance and could be extensively used in commercial pig production to provide high-quality niche products.

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Growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of bulls and heifers slaughtered at different ages

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/5482-cjas ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 34-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

D. Bureš ◽

L. Bartoň

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Sensory Panel ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Slaughter Age ◽

Total Meat

The effects of sex and slaughter age on growth, feed intake, carcass composition and meat quality attributes of musculus longissimus lumborum were investigated in Charolais × Simmental bulls (n = 12) and heifers (n = 12) reared and finished under identical management conditions. The animals entered the experiment at similar age (251 days) and were slaughtered at 14 or 18 months of age. Bulls gained more rapidly (P  < 0.001), consumed more dry matter daily (P < 0.05), and had a higher killing-out proportion (P < 0.05). The sex × slaughter age interaction was significant (P < 0.01) for feed conversion ratio, which deteriorated markedly more in heifers than in bulls as slaughter age increased. Bulls produced leaner carcasses with a higher proportion of total meat (P < 0.001). While bulls contributed to high-priced meat by a higher proportion of meat from the shoulder (P < 0.01), heifers had higher proportions of meat from the rump and loin (P < 0.05). Older animals were generally fatter and their carcasses contained lower proportions of high-priced meat (P < 0.01) and bones (P < 0.05). Bulls exhibited lower contents of dry matter (P < 0.001), protein (P < 0.05) and intramuscular fat (P < 0.001), and a higher content of collagen (P < 0.001) in musculus longissimus lumborum than hei-fers. The meat from heifers was assessed by the sensory panel as more tender and, when aged for 11 days, more acceptable than the meat from bulls. Older animals obtained higher scores for beef flavour intensity (P < 0.01), tenderness (P < 0.001), juiciness (P < 0.05), and overall acceptance (P < 0.001).

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Effect of an Outdoor Access System on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Longissimus lumborum Muscle Meat Quality of the Prestice Black-Pied Pig Breed

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10081244 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1244

Author(s):

Anne Dostálová ◽

Alena Svitáková ◽

Daniel Bureš ◽

Libor Vališ ◽

Zdeněk Volek

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Evaluation Scores ◽

Complete Diet ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Indoor Conditions ◽

Water Holding

The effect of an outdoor-access vs. conventional indoor system on the growth, carcass characteristics, and longissimus lumborum muscle (LL) meat quality was evaluated in 24 Prestice Black-Pied pigs, during the growing-finishing period. Two groups received the same complete diet and were housed separately under conventional indoor conditions, with only one group having full access to pasture (350 m2/pig). The animals showed acceptable growth rates (outdoor vs. indoor, average of 740 g/d vs. 700 g/d), feed intake (average of 2700 g/d), and feed conversion ratios (FCR) (average of 3.3 vs. 3.5). The rearing system significantly affected the fatty acid composition of the LL. Outdoor pigs had lower ratios of n − 6/n − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturation indexes, atherogenic indexes, and thrombogenic indexes, compared with indoor-raised pigs. No differences were recorded in carcass characteristics, physical meat quality traits (pH45, pH24, drip loss, water holding capacity), or the chemical composition of the meat (crude protein, cholesterol, intramuscular fat, hydroxyproline, and tocopherol). The sensory analysis of grilled LL muscle found that outdoor pigs received lower evaluation scores for tenderness, juiciness, and chewiness, but had a better overall acceptance compared to pigs reared indoors.

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The effects of hydrolysed sorghum on growth performance and meat quality of rabbits

World Rabbit Science ◽

10.4995/wrs.2018.7822 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 155 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Hernández-Martínez ◽

Griselda Fabiola Treviño-Cabrera ◽

Carlos Eduardo Hernández-Luna ◽

Ramón Silva-Vázquez ◽

Michael E. Hume ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Pycnoporus Sanguineus ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Rabbit Meat ◽

Water Holding ◽

New Zealand Rabbits

The effect of sorghum hydrolysed by Trametes maxima CU1 and Pycnoporus sanguineus CS2 was evaluated on growth performance traits and rabbit meat quality. A total of 24 unsexed New Zealand rabbits, weaned at 20 d of age, were allocated to 2 treatments: T1 (diet including 300 g/kg of non-hydrolysed sorghum) and T2 (diet including 300 g/kg of hydrolysed sorghum by Trametes maxima CU1 and Pycnoporus sanguineus CS2). Rabbits of group T2 did not have significantly different (P>0.05) feed intake compared to those in T1. Carcass traits were also not significantly different (P>0.05) between the 2 groups. The pH, water-holding capacity, colour and cooking loss of the longissimus lumborum were not different (P>0.05) between treatments, whereas the pH of the rabbits biceps femoris was higher in T2 (6.21; P<0.05) than in T1 (6.14). Meat hardness and gumminess in T2 were lower (P<0.05) in comparison to meat from T1. Thus, sorghum hydrolysed by Trametes maxima CU1 and Pycnoporus sanguineus CS2 contributed to a better rabbit meat texture.

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Carcass Composition, Meat Quality and Sensory Quality of Gentile di Puglia Light Lambs: Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Oregano and Linseed

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 607

Author(s):

Giuseppe Scarpa ◽

Simona Tarricone ◽

Marco Ragni

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Control Diet ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Total Content ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Origanum Vulgare ◽

Growth Performances ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Dietary Treatments

There is a growing demand by the modern consumer for meat containing less fat and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, which are considered to increase the risk of coronary heart disease. In southern Italy, the Gentile di Puglia breed is one of the most common on farms, and the light lambs are often consumed. The study evaluates the effect of a diet containing extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum) on growth performances, carcass traits, and meat quality in Gentile di Puglia light lambs. Thirty-six male lambs are weaned at about 20 days of age, and divided into three groups—each group is either fed a control diet (C), a diet containing 3% extruded linseed (L), or a diet containing 3% extruded linseed and 0.6% oregano (Origanum vulgare) (L + O). The lambs’ growth performances and the slaughtering and dissection data did not differ between groups. Dietary treatments have no significant effect on the quality and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum (Ll). The mount of linoleic acid in Ll meat is significantly higher in the L group, and this positively affected the total content of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, as well as the n-6/n-3 ratio. The good results obtained concerning the sensory traits meet the requirements of the market’s consumer.

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Effect of Ageing Time on Microstructure, Rate of Desmin Degradation and Meat Quality of Pig Longissimus Lumborum and Adductor Muscles

Folia Biologica ◽

10.3409/fb63_2.151 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dorota Wojtysiak ◽

Katarzyna Połtowicz

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Ageing Time ◽

Longissimus Lumborum

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Carcass characteristics of broilers fed enzyme complex

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1502153d ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 153-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F.S. Dalólio ◽

D.P. Vaz ◽

J. Moreira ◽

L.F.T. Albino ◽

L.R. Valadares

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Enzyme Complex ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Enzyme Supplementation ◽

Water Holding

Enzyme supplementation in diets based on corn and soybean meal can improve the productive performance of broilers. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of different levels of an enzyme complex consisting of phytase, protease, xylanase, ?-glucanase, cellulase, amylase, and pectinase, for diets based on corn and soybean meal, on the parameters of carcass yield and meat quality of broilers. Six hundred broiler chicks were used, and the animals were females with one day of age, from the Cobb 500 strain, and distributed in a completely randomized design, with five levels of inclusion of the enzyme complex (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400), and six repetitions, with twenty animals each. The carcass yield and meat quality were evaluated at 35 and 42 days of age. We evaluated the characteristics of weight loss by cooking (WLC), shear force (SF), water holding capacity (WHC), pH, lightness (L*) and color (a* and b*). The parameters of performance, carcass yield and carcass parts, and meat quality were not affected by the enzyme supplementation of diets fed to broiler chickens (P >0.05), except for the performance characteristics of the breast and the wings at 42 days of age (P < 0.05).

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Microstructure of Longissimus Lumborum Muscle and Meat Quality of Native Polish Pig Breeds: Złotnicka Sp Otted and Puławska

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.1515/aoas-2016-0029 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 1199-1210 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joanna Bogucka ◽

Wojciech Kapelański

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

The Other ◽

Type I ◽

Large White ◽

Pig Breeds ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Fattening Pigs

Abstract In 50 fattening pigs representing two Polish native breeds: 24 Złotnicka Spotted, 10 Puławska and 16 F1 ♀ (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace) × F1 ♂ (Duroc × Pietrain) crosses microstructure of muscle, carcass and meat quality were studied. Puławska pigs had the thickest backfat, but the loin eye area was smaller only in comparison to crossbreds. Compared to the Puławska breed, the meat of Złotnicka Spotted pigs was darker, which was associated with a greater percentage of type I fibres and a smaller percentage of type IIB fibres. Puławska pigs distinguished themselves from the other groups under study by the greatest density of fibres per mm2. Smaller diameter of type IIA and IIB fibres and higher total number of fibres were found in Puławska breed pigs compared to Złotnicka Spotted, despite the absence of differences in the loin eye area. Smaller thickness of the fibres favourably affects meat quality, and might be considered an indicator of a delicate structure of meat.

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Bacteriology and Meat Quality of Moisture Enhanced Pork from Retail Markets in Canada

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v6n1p95 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Karola R. Wendler ◽

Francis M. Nattress ◽

Jordan C. Roberts ◽

Ivy L. Larsen ◽

Jennifer Aalhus

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Retail Markets ◽

Brochothrix Thermosphacta ◽

Colour Saturation ◽

Meat Samples ◽

Water Holding

Packages of moisture-enhanced and conventional pork chops were collected from six Canadian retail stores on five sampling days. The composition of injection brines differed between retailers, but all contained polyphosphates and salt as main ingredients. Meat quality characteristics and bacteriology were analyzed from collected meat samples. Moisture enhanced chops had a higher pH and a higher water holding capacity than conventional. Juiciness and overall tenderness were improved in moisture enhanced chops. The surfaces of moisture enhanced chops were discoloured; the chops were darker and displayed less colour saturation. Total numbers of aerobes, psychrotrophs and lactic acid bacteria were not affected by moisture enhancement but numbers of Enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonads and Brochothrix thermosphacta, bacteria frequently associated with microbial spoilage, were approximately 1 log CFU·g-1 higher in moisture enhanced samples. This work shows moisture enhancement with injection brines containing salt and phosphates can result in a more palatable product.

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Effects of dietary organic selenium supplementation on selenium content, antioxidative status of muscles and meat quality of pigs

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/4326-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 49 (No. 9) ◽

pp. 411-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

B. Bobček ◽

R. Lahučký ◽

J. Mrázová ◽

R. Bobček ◽

K. Novotná ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Selenium Concentration ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Antioxidative Status ◽

Organic Selenium ◽

Basic Diet ◽

Fragmentation Index ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

High Level

The effects of feeding a high level of organic selenium on the level of selenium, antioxidative status of m. longissimus lumborum et thoracis (MLLT) and m. semimembranosus (MSM) and meat quality of pigs (defined on malignant hyperthermia status, DNA based test) were investigated. Treatments consisted in supplementation of organic selenium (0.3 mg Se/kg diet) for the last 97 days to finishing pigs (basic diet with 0.18 mg Se/kg diet) before slaughter. MLLT was further examined for pH (45 min, 24 h), colour and conductivity (24 h), drip loss (48 h) and myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI, 5 days). Chemical composition (protein, intramuscular fat) was also estimated. Concentration of Se (spectrofluorometric method) and antioxidative status (rate of oxidation by stimulation with Fe2+/ascorbate, production of malondialdehyde – MDA) were estimated in muscle samples obtained post mortem. The level of selenium was more than twice higher (P < 0.05) in muscles from pigs treated with higher selenium than in controls (0.377 vs. 0.922 mg/kg – MLLT and 0.377 vs. 0.836 mg/kg – MSM). The rate of oxidation was positively (P < 0.05) influenced by Se supplementation. Tendencies to lower drip losses were observed in MLLT of pigs supplemented with Se but the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). We concluded that dietary organic Se supplementation (0.3 mg Se/kg diet) to basic diet (0.18 mg Se/kg diet) of finishing pigs significantly increased the selenium concentration and improved the antioxidative status of muscle tissue.

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