Smoking behavior of the population of Chuvashia on the results of dynamic observation

The purpose of the research is to study smoking behavior in Chuvashia (one of the regions of Russia) in dynamics from 2014 to 2019. Material and methods. 2513 residents of the Chuvash Republic (1165 men and 1348 women) aged 15 to 92 years (average age - 43.0 ± 16.9 years) were interviewed anonymously. The questionnaire was used for the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), which is the standard for monitoring global tobacco use. Results. In 2019, 19.9% of the respondents (36.7% among men and 5.4% among women) regularly used tobacco products. On average, they smoked more than 14 cigarettes a day, the average age at starting daily smoking was 17.8 years. 53.8% of smokers have sought medical help in the last year and 76.2% of them received advice from a health worker to quit smoking. In 2019, compared to 2014, the number of intermittent smokers and former daily smokers significantly decreased. The average age of starting smoking increased from 16.5 to 17,8 years (for women it decreased from 18 to 17.7 years). Men began to try to quit smoking more often, while women did it less often. Both received the advice of a health worker to quit smoking more often. The respondents were less likely to pay attention to information on cigarette packs about the dangers of smoking, especially women, and, as a result, fewer smokers of both sexes thought about quitting smoking. The positive tendencies include a significant decrease in secondhand smoke at home (14,8%) and work (10%), including secondhand smoke among pregnant and lactating women. Conclusion. Over the past five years, the number of smokers in the Chuvash Republic has remained stable, which is associated with the state policy to combat tobacco consumption in Russia. However, a decrease in the proportion of the respondents who pay attention to information about the dangers of tobacco and who are less likely to think about abandoning tobacco smoking requires the search for new forms of prevention of smoking behavior among the residents of Chuvashia.

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The Effect Of Image Message Perception On Cigarette Background And The Intention To Stop Smoking Teenagers

Communicare : Journal of Communication Studies ◽

10.37535/101008120213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Sarah Siregar ◽

Putra Siregar ◽

Apriliani Apriliani ◽

Rani Siregar ◽

Nur Hasanah

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Primary Data ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

The Government ◽

Cigarette Packs

Smoking behavior in Indonesia is still high. Health warning for room cigarette smoke is 50% of the surface of cigarette packs, but Indonesia is still a country with cigarette smoke in ASEAN at 40%. This study aimed to determine the effect of cigarette packaged image messages on adolescent smoking intentions in Medan. This study used a cross-sectional method. The number of samples in this study was 68 teenagers in Medan City. This study uses a questionnaire as a primary data aid. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. The results showed that there were 52.9% respondents aged 20-21 years and had a general department of 52.9%, as many as 52.9% of respondents in semester 4 were 55.9%. The majority of respondents aged 20-21 years without consuming 1-5 cigarettes/day were 55.6%. Responding to fear of cigarette packaged picture messages and having the intention of smoking as much 14.7%. Respondents were not afraid of the cigarette packaged picture messages and had no intention of quitting smoking as much as 17.6%. It can be detrimental to respondents that with the perception of fear, the message of cigarette packs of images has a risk of 1,885 times the intention to quit smoking than respondents who do not have the perception of fear of the cigarette pack image message. It is hoped that the government will expand the picture message on cigarette packets to increase the desire to quit smoking and reduce the number of smokers in Indonesia.

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Motivations for Smoking Cessation and the Impact of Regulatory Tax Increases Amongst Fathers within the Pacific Islands Families Study

The Journal of Smoking Cessation ◽

10.1017/jsc.2015.10 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 32-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

El-Shadan Tautolo ◽

Leon Iusitini ◽

Steve Taylor ◽

Janis Paterson

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Pacific Islands ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Excise Tax ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

The Pacific ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

High Smoking Prevalence ◽

The Impact

Aims: To examine the prevalence of smoking, motivations for cessation, and impact of tobacco excise tax increases amongst a cohort of Pacific fathers at 11 years after the birth of their child.Methods: Within the context of broader interviews, 723 Pacific fathers participating in the Pacific Islands Families (PIF) Study were surveyed about their smoking at the 11-year measurement point. Prevalence of smoking was calculated, alongside motivations to quit, and the impact of increases to the excise tax on tobacco.Results: Smoking prevalence amongst Pacific fathers remains high (38%) at 11 years postpartum, although 81% of smokers disclosed interest in quitting smoking. The strongest motivation to quit smoking was their ‘own health’ (n = 185, 82%), followed by ‘the cost’ (n = 148, 66%), and the impact on ‘their child's health’ (n = 113, 50%). Among smokers, 12% (n = 31) had never attempted to quit, whereas 63% (n = 159) had made multiple attempts. Approximately 70% (n = 191) of smokers indicated the New Zealand Government-initiated tobacco excise tax increases caused them to reduce their tobacco consumption.Conclusions: High smoking prevalence amongst this cohort raises serious concerns about the risks Pacific families and communities face from smoking. Maintaining a sustained series of tobacco excise tax increases, alongside the utilisation of information on key motivators for Pacific fathers to quit smoking, may prove more effective in supporting Pacific communities to achieve the New Zealand Government's Smokefree 2025 goal.

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The Economics of Smoking Prevention

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Economics and Finance ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190625979.013.292 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Philip DeCicca ◽

Donald S. Kenkel ◽

Michael F. Lovenheim ◽

Erik Nesson

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

The United States ◽

Smoking Prevention ◽

The Past ◽

Cigarette Taxation ◽

Developed Nations

Smoking prevention has been a key component of health policy in developed nations for over half a century. Public policies to reduce the physical harm attributed to cigarette smoking, both externally and to the smoker, include cigarette taxation, smoking bans, and anti-smoking campaigns, among other publicly conceived strategies to reduce smoking initiation among the young and increase smoking cessation among current smokers. Despite the policy intensity of the past two decades, there remains debate regarding whether, and to what extent, the observed reductions in smoking are due to such policies. Indeed, while smoking rates in developed countries have fallen substantially over the past half century, it is difficult to separate secular trends toward greater investment in health from actual policy impacts. In other words, smoking rates might have declined in the absence of these anti-smoking policies, consistent with trends toward other healthy behaviors. These trends also may reflect longer-run responses to policies enacted many years ago, which also poses challenges for identification of causal policy effects. While smoking rates fell dramatically over this period, the gradient in smoking prevalence has become tilted toward lower socioeconomic status (SES) individuals. That is, cigarette smoking exhibited a relatively flat SES gradient 50 years ago, but today that gradient is much steeper: relatively less-educated and lower-income individuals are many times more likely to be cigarette smokers than their more highly educated and higher-income counterparts. Over time, consumers also have become less price-responsive, which has rendered cigarette taxation a less effective policy tool with which to reduce smoking. The emergence of tax avoidance strategies such as casual cigarette smuggling (e.g., cross-tax border purchasing) and purchasing from tax-free outlets (e.g., Native reservations in Canada and the United States) have likely contributed to reduced price sensitivity. Such behaviors have been of particular interest in the last decade as cigarette taxation has roughly doubled cigarette prices in many developed nations, creating often large incentives to avoid taxation for those who continue to smoke. Perhaps due to the perception that traditional policy has been ineffective, recent anti-smoking policy has focused more on the direct regulation of cigarettes and smoking behavior. The main non-price-based policy has been the rise of smoke-free air laws, which restrict smoking behavior in workplaces, restaurants, and bars. These regulations can reduce smoking prevalence and exposure to secondhand smoke among nonsmokers. However, they may also shift the location of smoking in ways that increase secondhand smoke exposure, particularly among children. Other non-tax regulations focus on the packaging (e.g., the movement towards plain packaging), advertising, and product attributes of cigarettes (e.g., nicotine content, cigarette flavor, etc.), and most are attempts to reduce smoking by making it less desirable to the actual or potential smoker. Perhaps not surprisingly, research in the economics of smoking prevention has followed these policy developments, though strong interest remains in both the evaluation of price- and non-price policies as well as any offsetting responses among smokers that may undermine the effectiveness of these regulations. While the past two decades have provided fertile ground for research in the economics of smoking, we expect this to continue, as governments search for more innovative and effective ways to reduce smoking.

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Description of Smoking Behaviour in Young Girls

Muhammadiyah International Public Health and Medicine Proceeding ◽

10.53947/miphmp.v1i1.143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 831-842

Author(s):

Adinda Chairunnisa Hatta ◽

Alvira Damayanti ◽

Ayu Febriana Lestari ◽

Desva Oktaria

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Collection ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Trial And Error ◽

Young Girls ◽

Interview Method ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Cigarette Packs ◽

People Today

Smoking is one of the lifestyle phenomena in most people today. Smoking habits are common in adolescence. This study aims to find out the description of smoking behavior in young girls This research is descriptive qualitative research. The informants in this study were 4 young girls who performed smoking behavior. Data collection is done by interview method. The description of smoking behavior in young girls occurs for the following reasons, namely trial and error, curiosity, and the influence of friends. The response of a friend knowing the informant smoked is not responding and just so so. The informant's efforts in quitting smoking are by reducing the cigarettes and reducing gatherings with a friend. Information about the dangers of smoking contained in advertisements and cigarette packs is still ignored by informants, therefore, there needs to be cross-sectoral cooperation to improve understanding of the dangers of smoking. The reason of informant to start smoking is try, curiosity and the influence of friends, the response of friends know the informant smoking does not respond and just so so, the efforts of informants on quitting smoking are by reducing the cigarettes and reduced gathering with friends. There needs to be cross-sectoral cooperation to improve understanding of the dangers of smoking.

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Correlation between tobacco control policies, consumption of rolled tobacco and e-cigarettes, and intention to quit conventional tobacco, in Europe

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052482 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 149-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cristina Lidón-Moyano ◽

Juan Carlos Martín-Sánchez ◽

Patrick Saliba ◽

Jan Graffelman ◽

Jose M Martínez-Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Intent To Quit ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Control Policies ◽

The Past ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Tobacco Control Policies

ObjectiveTo analyse the correlation between the implementation of tobacco control policies and tobacco consumption, particularly rolling tobacco, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) users and the intent to quit smoking in 27 countries of the European Union.DesignEcological study with the country as the unit of analysis.Data sourcesWe used the data from tobacco control activities, measured by the Tobacco Control Scale (TCS), in 27 European countries, in 2010, and the prevalence of tobacco consumption data from the Eurobarometer of 2012.AnalysisSpearman correlation coefficients (rsp) and their 95% CIs.ResultsThere was a negative correlation between TCS and prevalence of smoking (rsp=−0.41; 95% CI −0.67 to −0.07). We also found a negative correlation (rsp=−0.31) between TCS and the prevalence of ever e-cigarette users, but it was not statistically significant. Among former cigarette smokers, there was a positive and statistically significant correlation between TCS and the consumption of hand-rolled tobacco (rsp=0.46; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.70). We observed a similar correlation between TCS and other tobacco products (cigars and pipe) among former cigarette smokers. There was a significant positive correlation between TCS and intent to quit smoking in the past 12 months (rsp=0.66; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.87).ConclusionsThe level of smoke-free legislation among European countries is correlated with a decrease in the prevalence of smoking of conventional cigarettes and an increase in the intent to quit smoking within the past 12 months. However, the consumption of other tobacco products, particularly hand-rolled tobacco, is positively correlated with TCS among former cigarette smokers. Therefore, tobacco control policies should also consider other tobacco products, such as rolling tobacco, cigars and pipes.

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Community Smoking Behavior in Changqiao, Shanghai

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539507311182 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 94-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Pinpin Zheng ◽

Yingying Fu ◽

Yimin Lu ◽

Ming Ji ◽

Melbourne F. Hovell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Sampling Design ◽

Local Community ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽

Current Smoking ◽

The Past ◽

Smoking Behaviors

China has observed increasing tobacco use in the past decade. Only a few studies describing smoking behavior were reported at the community level in China. The present research aimed to obtain baseline data on tobacco use and factors that influence smoking behaviors in a local community in Shanghai, China. A total of 2100 residents in Changqiao, Shanghai, between ages 13 and 84 years were surveyed using a multistage proportional random sampling design. On the basis of that, a subsampling was conducted, and 1500 residents were randomly selected to avoid a cluster effect. There were 28.3% ever smokers (53.3% for men and 2.3% for women) and 23.5% current smokers (44.2% for men and 1.9% for women). Men ages 40 to 49 years smoked the most (more than 17 cigarettes per day on average). Age, education, and marital status were significant predictors of current smoking among men. Only 13.4% of current smokers were willing to quit. The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure was 30.4% among nonsmokers. Smoking and secondhand smoking are serious problems in Changqiao, Shanghai. Comprehensive and intensive interventions should be implemented to motivate quitting and reduce secondhand smoke exposure.

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Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Exposure to Parental Secondhand Smoke at Home among Children in China: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16010107 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 107 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yan Hua Zhou ◽

Yim Wah Mak ◽

Grace W. K. Ho

Keyword(s):

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Text Messages ◽

Family Interactions ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Shs Exposure ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke ◽

At Home

There are health consequences to exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). About two-thirds of children in China live with at least one person, usually a parent, who smokes at home. However, none of the reviews of interventions for reducing SHS have targeted children in China. The purpose of this study was to review the effectiveness of interventions for reducing parental SHS exposure at home among children in China. We searched various electronic databases for English and Chinese publications appearing between 1997 and 2017. Thirteen relevant studies were identified. Common strategies used in intervention groups were non-pharmacological approaches such as counseling plus self-help materials, and attempting to persuade fathers to quit smoking. Family interactions and follow-up sessions providing counseling or using text messages could be helpful to successful quitting. Several encouraging results were observed, including lower cotinine levels in children (n = 2), reduced tobacco consumption (n = 5), and increased quit rates (n = 6) among parents. However, the positive effects were not sustained 3~6 months after the interventions. Self-reported quitting without bio-chemical validation was the most common outcome measure. A study design using biochemical validations, a longer follow-up period, and targeting all people living with children in the same household is recommended.

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Abstract P142: Smokers Can Lose Weight When They Quit Smoking

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap142 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Charlotta H Pisinger ◽

Ulla Toft ◽

Torben Jørgensen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

High Education ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Predictors Of Weight Loss

Background: Smoking is one of the major risk factors of CVD. It is well-known that smokers increase weight when they quit smoking, and concomitant weight increase after smoking cessation may blunt beneficial effects of smoking cessation on e.g. glucose metabolism. However, not all smokers gain weight. To our knowledge, predictors of weight-loss after smoking cessation have not previously been investigated. Methods: in a large population-based study, the Inter99 study, 2,408 daily smokers were included at baseline. Out of these, 262 attended the five year follow-up and reported that they had not smoked for at least 12 months. Participants completed self-report questionnaires at baseline and follow-up. In multivariable logistic regression analyses we investigated predictors of weight-loss. Results: A total of 17.6% of the quitters had lost weight from baseline to 5 years follow-up. Neither sex, age, number of daily meals, energy intake, dietary quality, physical activity, alcohol consumption, nor change in physical activity or alcohol consumption from baseline to five year follow-up was associated with weight-loss at five year follow-up. Quitters with high education had significantly higher probability of weight-loss compared to quitters with low education (OR=3.88(1.04–14.50), p=0.044). Increasing BMI at baseline increased (OR=1.20(1.06–1.36), p=0.004) and increasing tobacco consumption decreased (OR=0.93(0.87–0.99), p=0.038) the probability of weight-loss. Furthermore, quitters who reported a healthier diet at five-year follow-up than at baseline had increased probability of weight-loss (OR=3.23(1.07–9.82), p=0.038). The mean weight-gain in quitters with normal baseline BMI was 5.66kg (±4.8), quitters who were overweight at baseline gained 5.32kg (±7.0) and quitters who were obese gained 1.98kg (±8.3), p=0.038. Conclusion: Weight-loss after quitting smoking is feasible and was achieved by about two out of ten quitters. High BMI, high education and low tobacco consumption at baseline and change to a healthier diet predicted weight loss in daily smokers who had quit for at least 12 months. Discussion: Obese smokers who had quit had the lowest weight-gain. A reason could be that normal-weight smokers are used to eat whatever they want, whereas obese smokers are used to focus on what and how much they eat. Obese smokers should definitely not be advised against quitting smoking in fear of further weight-gain. The large positive cardiovascular health effects of quitting overshadow the negative health effects of a small weight gain, and this study shows that weight-loss after smoking cessation is feasible, especially in obese smokers.

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Peringatan kemasan rokok bergambar dan intensi berhenti merokok di Kabupaten Sleman

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ◽

10.22146/bkm.16999 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

Sendhy Krisnasari ◽

Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi ◽

Abdul Wahab

Keyword(s):

Social Environment ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Pictorial Warnings ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Cigarette Packs

Warning of illustrated cigarette packaging and smoking cessation intention in SlemanPurposeThis study aimed to identify the relationship of pictorial warnings to cigarette packaging with the intention to stop smoking or not to start smoking in Sleman regency.MethodsThe study used secondary data from the study "The effectiveness of warning images on cigarette packs on smoking behavior in Sleman, Yogyakarta" from 2015 and used a cross- sectional design with 155 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi square tests with significance level 95% (p <0.05) and multiple logistic regression test.ResultsThere was a correlation between pictorial warning, social environment and perceptions of the dangers of cigarettes with the intention of quitting smoking or the intention of not starting to smoke.ConclusionPictorial warning on cigarette packs, good social environment and perception of cigarette hazard may support the intention to stop smoking on smokers and intention not to smoke on non-smokers. Therefore, pictorial warnings that show the danger of smoking should be produced more as an intervention to reduce the intention of smoker to smoke and prevent non-smoker intention from starting smoking.

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Study on Factors Related to Home Quarantine and Smoking Behavior for People Trying to Quit Smoking in Beijing Communities during the Epidemic of COVID-19 Period and its Inspiration to Tobacco Control Policies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-678155/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qianying Jin ◽

Kun Qiao ◽

Han Liu ◽

Hanqiao Ma ◽

Xinyuan Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Epidemic Period ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Stay Time ◽

And Control ◽

Psychological Mood

Abstract Background: To understand the quit smoking status of people trying to quit smoking in Beijing communities during the epidemic of COVID-19 period, analyze their changes in smoking behavior, relapse thought, nicotine dependence, willingness to quit smoking compared with before the epidemic, and correlation with home stay time, change in psychological mood and smoking status during independent home quarantine so as to provide reference for tobacco control and optimization of quitting smoking guidance service during normalization of epidemic prevention and control. Methods: To interview 388 people who are trying to quit smoking and involved in quitting smoking intervention service by one-to-one face interview before outbreak and one-to-one telephone survey during the epidemic period. The survey covers daily home stay time, psychological mood, tobacco use, nicotine dependence, and willingness to quit smoking. Adopt 1:2 propensity score matching, and take whether to consume quit smoking drugs and whether to participate in regular follow-ups as the matching conditions to control confounder. After matching, the c2 test, t test, and rank sum test were used to compare correlative factors such as smoking behavior change, relapse thought, nicotine dependence, and change in willingness to quit smoking between people who have quit and those who have not quit. Results: A total of 348 cases were successfully matched, including 137 who have quit smoking and 211 who have not quit smoking. The difference in two groups of baseline data after matching was no statistically significant (P>0.05). During the epidemic period, the quit smoking rate (39.9%) was higher than that (25.0%) before the outbreak. The average daily smoking (7.10±8.473) was lower than that (7.77±8.405) before the outbreak. The score of Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (1.91±2.449) was lower than that (4.35±2.518) before the outbreak; the score of the assessment scale of willingness to quit smoking (38.17±12.377) was higher than that (19.78±9.103) before the outbreak; the smoking change of non-smokers before and after outbreak was related to distress, calm psychological mood, relief of sorrow and boredom, smoking addiction and habit (P<0.05); nicotine dependence was related to the psychological mood of distress (P<0.05), and the willingness to quit smoking was related to the daily home stay time (P<0.05); For those who had quit smoking successfully, the smoking change was related to the psychological mood of distress, relief of sorrow and boredom, alleviation of stress, smoking addiction and habit (P<0.05); relapse thought was related to the psychological mood of distress, relief of sorrow and boredom, recreation and alleviation of stress (P<0.05); nicotine dependence was related to the daily home stay time, calm psychological mood and smoking addition (P<0.05), and the willingness to quit smoking related to recreation and smoking addition(P<0.05). Conclusions: During the epidemic period, people who tried to quit smoking reduced their smoking, nicotine dependence, and their willingness to quit smoking increased. During normalization of epidemic prevention and control, social activities decrease and home stay time increased, which created favorable conditions for quitting smoking and tobacco control. However, negative emotions during home stay, relief of sorrow and boredom and smoking addition may restore smoking behavior and relapse thought. It is recommended that family members provide more support and encouragement to smoke quitters, and supervise and help them reduce smoking. During normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the quit smoking service center should alleviate negative emotion of quitters and break connection between existing smoking habit and negative emotion and environmental temptation.

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