scholarly journals Actual problems of counteraction to crimes committed using cellular communications

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (13) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
D. Yu. VOLKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Software Tools ◽  
Cellular Communications ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Widespread Implementation ◽  
Stable Growth

The article deals with issues related to the current state of crimes committed using mobile phones. The existing statistics indicate a stable growth in this type of crimes, while their disclosure and investigation are particularly difficult, which is explained by their high latency and complexity of proof. The necessary scientific developments lagged significantly behind practice and became widespread only at the end of the last decade, while not finding widespread implementation in the activities of law enforcement agencies. These circumstances make it necessary to work proactively, taking into account the widespread introduction of new technical devices and software tools.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hand-to-Hand Combat, its Current State, Prospects for Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Radchenko ◽  
H. Korobeinykov ◽  
A. Chernozub ◽  
H. Danko ◽  
L. Korobeinykova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Current State ◽  
Competition Rules

The research objective is to study the current state of hand-to-hand combat and determine the prospects for its development. Materials and methods. The researchers studied the documents on organizing and holding the competitions that took place in 2014-2016, the number and quality of their participants, coaches, hand-to-hand combat referees. The researchers analyzed training programs and competition rules of the most popular combat sports, constituent documents of public associations engaged in hand-to-hand combat development, normative documents on physical training of law enforcement agencies, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and armies of the world’s leading countries. Results. Hand-to-hand combat is closely related to solving military tasks. Due to its ability to adapt to modern military requirements, it is included in military training programs of various law enforcement agencies, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and armies of many countries of the world. The sports type of hand-to-hand combat is the basis for shaping and improving professional and applied skills and has its peculiarities, namely combat (applied) sections included in its training program and competition rules. The analysis of regulatory documents of hand-to-hand combat competitions of different levels among adults held in Ukraine in 2014-2016 proved that the overwhelming majority of them, 65% (of the total number of competitions held among adults) are competitions among employees of various law enforcement agencies and servicepersons. The analysis of competition rules revealed the peculiarities of organizing and holding competitions in this sport, in particular the possibility to hold competitions demonstrating the techniques used in standard situations of a real combat with an enemy, with and without weapons. This provides an opportunity to control servicepersons’ and law enforcement officers’ proficiency level of the applied section. Conclusions. The modern hand-to-hand combat is a unique sport that combines sports and applied types. Due to its peculiarities, it is currently a significant part of combat and professional training of servicepersons and law enforcement officers.

Potential use of Structured Analytical Techniques in Building Investigative Versions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
Wojciech Filipkowski
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Use

. The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of using structured analytical techniques in building investigative versions. They may relate to ongoing criminal or operational proceedings, but also allow verification of versions created for the purposes of supervision or evaluation of other proceedings. In this area, the study complements and at the same time extends the existing knowledge in the field of forensic tactics. The author presented the current state of knowledge on the methods of building criminal versions and the theoretical justification for the introduction of these techniques to the practice of law enforcement agencies in this aspect. An outline of the methodology of the application of analytical techniques in the construction of new and verification of existing research methods is also presented. This study is based on the author’s speech at the 3rd National Scientific Conference entitled ‘Police X Files’ organised by the Faculty of Law and Administration University of Lodz from September 26th–28th, 2018.

On the criteria for defining the concept and the state of legal regulation for the civil service of other types in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER GURINOVICH ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Special Functions ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article analyzes the relevant legislation, identifies the basic criteria for defining the concept of the civil service of other types in the Russian Federation, and describes the current state of its legal regulation. The service of other types is carried out in the federal-state bodies and organizations subordinate to them; such organizations perform special functions to ensure security, law and order, combat crime and protect citizens’ rights and freedoms. The author identifies the reasons for the abolition of such a concept as “law enforcement service” in the civil service systems and considers the process of its transformation into a new segment within this system. Based on the conducted comparative analysis of legislative and subordinate legal acts containing relevant regulatory provisions, the analysis shows that today the civil service of other types is carried out in state bodies defined as law enforcement agencies. To reflect the current state of legal regulation for the civil service of other types, the author notes an increase in the corresponding legislative framework in recent years. The issues of legal regulation of work in the field of civil service of other types are worked out in special laws regarding employees of customs authorities, internal affairs bodies, the federal fire service, the criminal justice system, and enforcement bodies. In addition, the article outlines the key priorities for further improvement of legal regulation.

scholarly journals Robust 3D Face Reconstruction Using One/Two Facial Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Ola Lium ◽  
Yong Bin Kwon ◽  
Antonios Danelakis ◽  
Theoharis Theoharis
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Facial Image ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
3D Face Reconstruction ◽  
Face Reconstruction ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Facial Images

Being able to robustly reconstruct 3D faces from 2D images is a topic of pivotal importance for a variety of computer vision branches, such as face analysis and face recognition, whose applications are steadily growing. Unlike 2D facial images, 3D facial data are less affected by lighting conditions and pose. Recent advances in the computer vision field have enabled the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the production of 3D facial reconstructions from 2D facial images. This paper proposes a novel CNN-based method which targets 3D facial reconstruction from two facial images, one in front and one from the side, as are often available to law enforcement agencies (LEAs). The proposed CNN was trained on both synthetic and real facial data. We show that the proposed network was able to predict 3D faces in the MICC Florence dataset with greater accuracy than the current state-of-the-art. Moreover, a scheme for using the proposed network in cases where only one facial image is available is also presented. This is achieved by introducing an additional network whose task is to generate a rotated version of the original image, which in conjunction with the original facial image, make up the image pair used for reconstruction via the previous method.

scholarly journals Certain Aspects of the Analysis of Cryptocurrency Transactions during the Prevention and Investigation of Crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
В. В. Носов ◽  
І. А. Манжай
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Current Stage

The analysis of separate tools for the visualization of movement of cryptocurrency values, and also identification of users who carried out the corresponding transactions has been carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of cryptocurrency from the point of view of offenders and law enforcement agencies have been studied. The main directions of using cryptocurrency in a criminal environment have been determined. The current state and perspectives of normative and legal regulation of cryptocurrency in Ukraine have been analyzed. Theoretical principles of cryptocurrency functioning have been studied. The basic concepts used in this area have been revealed. The properties of cryptocurrency have been described. The mechanism of its issuance of guaranteeing pseudo-anonymity while working with cryptocurrency has been outlined. Some features of blockchain technology and formation of cryptocurrency addresses have been revealed. It has been noted that one of the first and most well-known cryptocurrency is bitcoin. The format of bitcoin address presentation has been described. It has been emphasized that bitcoin wallet software can operate with any number of addresses or each address can be served by a separate wallet. The technology of mixing transactions and the method of increasing the anonymity of CoinJoin have been described. The authors have revealed the possibilities of separate services intended for the analysis of cryptocurrency transactions (Maltego, Bitconeview, Bitiodine, OpReturnTool, Blockchain.info, Anyblockanalytics.com, Chainalysis, Elliptic, Ciphertrace, Blockchain Inspector). The process of risk assessment and construction of visual chains of cryptocurrency transactions has been demonstrated on the example of the “Crystal Expert” service. Different types of bitcoin addresses’ holders and risk levels have been described. The main and additional investigation tools used on the “Crystal Expert” platform have been revealed. Based on the conducted analysis, the authors have defined the main tasks for law enforcement agencies at the current stage of development of cryptocurrency. The basic requirements for tools designed for cryptocurrency analysis have been outlined. The authors have suggested some measures of law enforcement agencies’ respond to threats related to cryptocurrency.

scholarly journals Responsibility for violations of quarantine and sanitary rules and standards for preventing the spread of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) by law

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kovalova Svitlana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The article analyzes the current state of legal support of quarantine requirements and sanitary rules and regulations for the prevention of infectious diseases in foreign countries and Ukraine. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the current legislation of some foreign countries and Ukraine on the grounds for establishing liability for violation of quarantine and sanitary norms and rules. It has been established that the COVID-19 pandemic has forced the governments of different states to introduce administrative and criminal liability in case of violation of quarantine and sanitary norms and rules. To ensure these measures, penalties for non-compliance with the quarantine regime have been introduced, with penalties ranging from warning to imprisonment and even the death penalty. It is established that in Ukraine the issues of administrative and criminal liability for violation of quarantine and sanitary rules and regulations for the prevention of infectious diseases are regulated by Articles 42, 44-3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses and Article 325 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is determined that one of the problems of ineffective application of Articles 44-3, 42 3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses and Article 325 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is an array of new rules for the prevention of COVID-19, which is constantly changing and introduced by various law enforcement agencies. The study found that despite the adoption of regulations that established liability for violations of statutory rules and regulations introduced by both foreign countries and Ukraine to prevent COVID-19, they have a number of legal conflicts, inconsistencies and gaps. Keywords: quarantine, administrative responsibility, criminal responsibility, infectious diseases, coronavirus, prevention

Psychological service in law enforcement agencies: history of formation, development and current issues

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Stanislav N. Savinkov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is to analyze the formation and prerequisites for the development of psychological service in law enforcement agencies, as well as to generalize the problems that face the modern psychological service. We analyze psychological and pedagogical literature and present main stages of the development of psychological service in law enforcement agencies in Russia and abroad. We consider the works and studies of scientists who have had a significant impact, as well as contributing to the creation of psychological services in law enforcement agencies. We note the specifics of the activities of psychologists of various law enforcement agencies abroad and in Russian psychological services. We consider the current state of psychological service in law enforcement agencies, and also identify the main problems facing psychological services in the modern period, requiring the search for effective solutions. The elements that make up the success of the work of the psychological service are emphasized. The main purpose of the psychological service, its role and the dependence of the process of increasing the success of functioning are determined. The definition of a psychological service functioning in law enforcement agencies is given. The current state of the psychological service in Russia and abroad is characterized. The most important and most significant events that influenced the formation of the system of training specialists in the field of professional activity are noted. The historical method and the analysis of the literature allowed us to identify works that largely determined the directions of research, both in military and legal psychology and pedagogy, which in many ways became the basis for the creation of psychological services.

scholarly journals Criminal-legal counteraction to production, storage, transportation or sale of counterfeit money or securities: features of legislative and law enforcement implementation

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Вадим Изосимов ◽  
Vadim Izosimov ◽  
Станислав Богомолов ◽  
Stanislav Bogomolov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Technical Content

The presented publication is aimed at the formulation and resolution of a very important problem in the field of combating economic crime in the field of combating production, storage, transportation and sale of counterfeit money or securities. The article reveals the current state of this type of criminal activity. Conflicts and gaps that hinder the activities of law enforcement agencies in identifying, documenting and proving counterfeiting are demonstrated. The primary measures of legal and technical content for reducing the level of criminal attractiveness of the production, storage, transportation and sale of counterfeit money or securities are proposed.

scholarly journals Can You See Me Now?: Toward Reasonable Standards for Law Enforcement Access to Location Data that Congress Could Enact

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Soghoian ◽  
Stephanie K. Pell
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Location Information ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
Legislative Model ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
Privacy Issues

The use of location information by law enforcement agencies is common and becoming more so as technological improvements enable collection of more accurate, precise location data. The legal mystery surrounding the proper law enforcement access standard for prospective location data remains unsolved. This mystery, along with conflicting rulings over the appropriate law enforcement access standards for both prospective and historical location data, has created a messy, inconsistent legal landscape where even judges in the same district may require law enforcement to meet different standards to compel location data. As courts struggle with these intertwined technology, privacy, and legal issues, some judges are expressing concern over the scope of the harms, from specific and personal to general and social, presented by unfettered government collection and use of location data and how to respond to them. Judges have sought to communicate the scope and gravity of these concerns through direct references to Orwell’s dystopia in 1984, as well as suggestive allusions to the “panoptic effect” observed by Jeremy Bentham and his later interpreters like Michel Foucault. Some have gone on to suggest that privacy issues raised by law enforcement access to location data might be addressed more effectively by the legislature.This Article proposes a legislative model for law enforcement access standards and downstream privacy protections for location information. This proposal attempts to (1) articulate clear rules for courts to apply and law enforcement agents and industry to follow; and (2) strike a reasonable balance among the interests of law enforcement, privacy, and industry with the ultimate goal of improving the position of all concerned when measured against the current state of the law.

scholarly journals Cybercrime as a Threat to the National Security of the Modern Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Kovalev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
National Security ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Special Service ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Organizational Problems

The article examines the current state, features and trends of cybercrime, legal and organizational problems of countering it by Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, law enforcement agencies and special service of the Russian Federations. Based on the theoretical and empirical research, it is proposed to consider cybercrime as a threat to national security in modern Russia. Conducting comprehensive scientific research in this area.

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