scholarly journals Determinación de micotoxinas presentes en alimentos de consumo infantil comercializados en México

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5122-5134
Author(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Quezada Viay Martha Yoland ◽  
Moreno Lara Josefina ◽  
Torres Flores David ◽  
Andrea Alejandra Arrúa Alvarenga
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Growth Defects ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
By Products ◽  
Concentration Levels

Los cereales y sus subproductos son la base de la alimentación en México y en países en desarrollo. El cereal seco es un alimento basado en granos de cereales y/o leguminosas que se elaboran para lograr un escaso contenido de humedad y se fragmentan para permitir su dilución con agua, leche y otro líquido conveniente para niños y lactantes. Los efectos adversos de las micotoxinas incluyen problemas en el crecimiento infantil, defectos en el desarrollo del tubo neural, daños al sistema inmunológico, enfermedades renales, y mayores probabilidades de desarrollar cáncer de hígado y esófago. Por lo cual, su estudio es de gran importancia en lo que respecta a la salud pública. Las aflatoxinas son carcinógenos potentes que pueden afectar especialmente al hígado y al riñón; son causa de cáncer hepático y se han relacionado con otros tipos de cáncer. El presente trabajo consistió en determinar la cantidad de aflatoxinas (AF) totales en alimentos de consumo infantil, extrayéndose de éstos mediante columnas de anticuerpos monoclonales para conocer sus niveles de concentración con el método "Aflatest - Vicam". Las muestras analizadas fueron principalmente cereales para consumo infantil entre otros productos como avenas, galletas y frituras. Los resultados reportaron que el 83.3% de los productos analizados se encontraban libres de aflatoxinas, mientras que el 16.7% arrojaron concentraciones mínimas que no rebasaron los límites máximos permisibles por  la NOM-187-SSAI/SCFI-2002, la cual establece 20 µg/kg de concentración máxima en harinas y cereales.   Cereals and their by-products are the basis of food in Mexico and developing countries. Dry cereal is a food based on grains of cereals and/or leguminous plants which are made to achieve a low moisture content and are fragmented to allow dilution with water, milk and other liquid liquid suitable for infants and infants. Adverse effects of mycotoxins include problems in childhood growth, defects in the development of the neuronal tube, damage to the immune system kidney diseases, and more likely to develop liver cancer and esophageal cancer. Therefore, his study is of great importance in regards to public health. Aflatoxins are potent carcinogens that can affect any organ or system, and especially to the liver and kidney; they cause liver cancer and have been linked to other types of cancer. The present work consisted of determining the amount of total aflatoxins (AF) in infant foods by monoclonal antibodies to know their concentration levels by the "aflatest - vicam" method, the samples analysed were mainly cereals for infant consumption among other products such as oats, biscuits and fritters. The results reported that 83.3% of the products analysed were free of aflatoxins, while 16.7% reported minimal concentrations, thus not exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations of the NOM-187-SSAI/SCFI-2002 which sets 20 µg/kg maximum concentration in flour and cereals.

scholarly journals A role for microRNA in cystic liver and kidney diseases

2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 3585-3587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Chu ◽  
Joshua R. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Cystic Liver

scholarly journals Patterns of medication use and adherence to medications among residents in the elderly homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda AlGameel
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Objective: To evaluate health care related to medication regimens among institutionalized elders in Damanhour, Beheira Governate, Egypt. Methods: A prospective, multi-centered, observational study was conducted in the two elderly residential homes in Damanhour between March and May 2017. A questionnaire was developed and validated to test for elderly socio-economic, chronic diseases, current therapy adherence, vaccination history and patient education. Descriptive and quantitative analysis were performed. Results: sixty-three elderly residents were included in the study. The sample showed broad socioeconomic variability posing a true reflection of Egyptian population. 63.5% had no hearing problems, 31.7% had proper vision and 57% could move with no help. More than three quarters had chronic diseases of which 58.7% were previously hospitalized. The most prevalent diseases were hypertension, diabetes and arthritis 46%, 41.3%, 26.9% respectively. Only 7.9% and 4.7% showed chronic liver and kidney diseases, respectively and less than 10% suffered from respiratory related diseases. No alcohol drinker, 25.3% were smokers and 58.7% drank caffeine. Only 25.3% of residents showed full adherence to their medication pattern. Approximately 80% of residents never received proper patient education. Forty-three residents did not know the indication of their medications and 92% ignored its side effects. Conclusion: Absence of proper medical care exposure for the elderly residents was reflected in their low medication adherence, adverse side effects and hospitalization. We suggest extension of the national medical insurance system to include larger number of elderly population. To monitor the care given concerning medication, a daily resident gerontological nurse needs to be assigned, visits by clinical pharmacists weekly or bi-weekly from the nearby governmental hospital can improve improper medication. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1923 How to cite this:Algameel M. Patterns of Medication use and adherence to medications among residents in the elderly homes. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1923 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Liver and kidney diseases

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 981-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Wong
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals The Emerging and Diverse Roles of Bis(monoacylglycero) Phosphate Lipids in Cellular Physiology and Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8067
Author(s):  
Megan R. Showalter ◽  
Anastasia L. Berg ◽  
Alexander Nagourney ◽  
Hailey Heil ◽  
Kermit L. Carraway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Significance ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
And Function

Although understudied relative to many phospholipids, accumulating evidence suggests that bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) is an important class of regulatory lipid that plays key roles in lysosomal integrity and function. BMPs are rare in most mammalian tissues, comprising only a few percent of total cellular lipid content, but are elevated in cell types such as macrophages that rely heavily on lysosomal function. BMPs are markedly enriched in endosomal and lysosomal vesicles compared to other organelles and membranous structures, and their unique sn-1:sn-1′ stereoconfiguration may confer stability within the hydrolytic lysosomal environment. BMP-enriched vesicles serve in endosomal-lysosomal trafficking and function as docking structures for the activation of lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes, notably those involved in the catabolic breakdown of sphingolipids. BMP levels are dysregulated in lysosomal storage disorders, phospholipidosis, metabolic diseases, liver and kidney diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. However, whether BMP alteration is a mediator or simply a marker of pathological states is unclear. Likewise, although BMP acyl chain composition may be altered with disease states, the functional significance of specific BMP species remains to be resolved. Newly developed tools for untargeted lipidomic analysis, together with a deeper understanding of enzymes mediating BMP synthesis and degradation, will help shed further light on the functional significance of BMPs in cellular physiology and pathology.

scholarly journals Sustained Elevated Levels of Circulating Vasopressin Selectively Stimulate the Proliferation of Kidney Tubular Cells via the Activation of V2 Receptors

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Alonso ◽  
Evelyne Galibert ◽  
Véra Boulay ◽  
Anne Guillou ◽  
Alexandra Jean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
Tubular Cells ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
V2 Receptor ◽  
Kidney Tubular Cells

The hypothalamic hormone vasopressin (AVP) has known mitogenic effects on various cell types. This study was designed to determine whether sustained elevated levels of circulating AVP could influence cell proliferation within adult tissues known to express different AVP receptors, including the pituitary, adrenal gland, liver, and kidney. Plasmatic AVP was chronically increased by submitting animals to prolonged hyperosmotic stimulation or implanting them with a AVP-containing osmotic minipump. After several days of either treatment, increased cell proliferation was detected only within the kidney. This kidney cell proliferation was not affected by the administration of selective V1a or V1b receptor antagonists but was either inhibited or mimicked by the administration of a selective V2 receptor antagonist or agonist, respectively. Kidney proliferative cells mostly concerned a subpopulation of differentiated tubular cells known to express the V2 receptors and were associated with the phosphorylation of ERK. These data indicate that in the adult rat, sustained elevated levels of circulating AVP stimulates the proliferation of a subpopulation of kidney tubular cells expressing the V2 receptor, providing the first illustration of a mitogenic effect of AVP via the activation of the V2 receptor subtype. Elevated levels of circulating vasopressin selectively stimulate the proliferation of kidney tubular cells via the activation of V2 receptors, thus showing the potential implication in polycystic kidney diseases.

1387 IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL GENE ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCYSTIC LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASES

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. S557-S558
Author(s):  
W.R. Cnossen ◽  
R.H.M. te Morsche ◽  
A. Hoischen ◽  
C. Gilissen ◽  
M. Chrispijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Novel Gene ◽  
Polycystic Liver ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals In vitro Antioxidant and In vivo Hepatocurative and Nephrocurative Activities of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Newbouldia laevis in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Sulaiman ◽  
Mahmoud S. Jada ◽  
Augustine Elizabeth ◽  
Abubakar Umar Modibbo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

The in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo hepatocurative and nephrocurative potential of Newbouldia laevis aqueous leaf extract (NLALE) was evaluated. The study used 30 male, albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing 180 ± 20 g, of which 25 were intoxicated by oral administration of a single dose of diclofenac (100 mg/kg b. wt.). Animals were treated by oral administration of silymarin (200 mg/kg b. wt.), furosemide (1.5 mg/kg b. wt.) and NLALE (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b. wt.) for seven consecutive days before animals were sacrificed on the 8th day and serum/plasma was analyzed for biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Phytochemical screening of NLALE revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids and tannins. The extract scavenged DPPH radical, reduced Fe3+ and inhibited TBARs in comparable manner to ascorbic acid in vitro. NLALE also attenuated diclofenac-induced liver and kidney intoxication as indicated by the significantly (p<0.05) reduced levels of serum biomarkers of hepatotoxicity: ALT, AST, bilirubin, but increased total protein levels and nephrotoxicity: urea, creatinine, Na+ and K+. The observed effects are dose dependent as the 400 mg/kg b. wt. appeared to be more potent than the 200 mg/kg b. wt. dose. It may be concluded from this study that Newbouldia laevis leaf has ameliorative effect against diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity probably through antioxidative mechanism and the curative claim and the folkloric use of the plant in the treatment of liver and kidney diseases have been scientifically validated

scholarly journals The Content Of Vitamin D Metabolites In Rachit In Children Of Early Age Who Received Specific Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (06) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Rasuljon Mamasiddikovich Shermatov ◽  
◽  
Zebo Xamroevna Nishanova ◽  
Mavlonjon Ziemiddinovich Nasirdinov ◽  
Shoxrux Ravshanjon Ogli Xabibullayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Complicated Course ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

52 patients with rickets and 10 healthy children were examined. Among patients with rickets, 35 children were born in women with a complicated course of pregnancy (threat of termination, toxicosis of the first and second half). In 12 children, mothers had chronic liver and kidney diseases before giving birth. The level of 25(OH) vitamin D (25-oxycalciferol) and 24.25 (OH)2 vitamin D (24.25-dioxycalciferol) was determined. The content of calcium-regulating hormones in the blood serum was determined by radioimmunological analysis. To assess the severity of the rickets process, the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum was determined using a standard kit. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of specific prevention on the metabolism and course of the clinical form of rickets in young children.

scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens leaves ameliorates carbon tetrachloride and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in wistar albino rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Temidayo Ogunmoyole ◽  
Ayomide Micheal Ola-Awe ◽  
Omotola Grace Fatile
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract Background Mucuna pruriens (L.) has been used for the treatment of several ailments in folkloric medicine. The present study therefore investigates the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potentials of its leaves extract with a view to providing a potent alternative in the management of liver and kidney diseases. Methodology Forty male albino rats were randomly placed into eight groups comprising five animals each. Animals in group I were administered with the distilled water, while groups II and VI were exposed to CCl4 and rifampicin respectively. Animals in groups III and IV were initially exposed CCl4 and treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg bw M. pruriens respectively. Similarly, groups VII and VIII animals were exposed to rifampicin and treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg bw M. pruriens respectively. Animals in group V were treated with 100 mg/kg bw silymarin by oral gavage after an initial exposure to CCl4. Selected biomarkers of liver and kidney damage were determined in the serum and organs homogenate. Liver and kidney slices of experimental animals were also stained for histopathological examination. Results Exposure to CCl4 and rifampicin respectively resulted in marked distortion in lipid profile, inhibition of antioxidant enzymes and a surge in ALT, AST, ALP, urea, uric acid, bilirubin and creatine kinase. Treatment with M. pruriens extract reversed all deranged biochemical and histopathological parameters in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Extract of M. pruriens leaves restored deranged biochemical and histopathological parameters in the liver and kidney with similar potency to silymarin. Hence, leaf extract of M. pruriens is a potential hepatoprotective and nephroprotective agent that can be exploited in the management of liver and kidney diseases.

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