scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices towards Medical Ethics among Specialist Medical Officers of Selected Allopathic Healthcare Institutions in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-329
Author(s):  
M P Jayalath ◽  
R Nanayakkara ◽  
K M P D Jayasundara ◽  
C M Abeysekara ◽  
A M J Abeynayake
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

ABSTRACT Ethics is the “study of morality – careful and systematic analysis of moral decisions and behaviors and practicing those decisions”. The four ethical principles form the basis of ethical medical practice, namely, autonomy, justice, beneficence, and non-maleficence. A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 120 specialist medical officers in four selected allopathic healthcare institutions in Sri Lanka, using a pretested validated self-administered questionnaire in 2021 to describe their knowledge, attitudes and practices related to medical ethics. The response rate was 90.00%(n=108). When considering the knowledge and attitudes related to medical ethics it was found that the majority(n=64,59.30%) of the specialist medical officers strongly disagree that “confidentiality is not so important aspect of treatment”. Among the total respondents 26(24.10%) strongly agree and 54 respondents (50%) agree with statement “close relatives should be told about patients condition”. When considering the practices related to medical ethics, we found that “ if a patient wishes to die, he or she should be assisted in doing so no matter what their illness” is  the ethical practice to which 32(29.60%) respondents  strongly disagree with and 56(51.90%) disagree with. We further discovered that 48(44.40%) of the respondents strongly agree and 52(48.10%) agree with the practice “ethics as a part of syllabus should be taught in every medical teaching institution”. These findings imply that Sri Lankan specialist doctors have a sound knowledge and positive attitudes towards the basic ethical principles. But they still need to improve their knowledge and attitudes related to ethical issues regarding their own colleagues. Continuous medical education for specialist medical officers, establishing ethics committees in hospitals, appointing ethicists to hospitals and conducting clinical case conferences regarding unethical practice are recommended to improve the situation.    RESUMEN  La ética es el "estudio de la moralidad, es decir, el análisis cuidadoso y sistemático de las decisiones y comportamientos morales y la práctica de esas decisiones". Los cuatro principios éticos constituyen la base de la práctica médica ética, a saber, la autonomía, la justicia, la beneficencia y la no maleficencia. Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo entre 120 médicos especialistas de cuatro instituciones sanitarias alopáticas seleccionadas en Sri Lanka, utilizando un cuestionario autoadministrado validado previamente en 2021 para describir sus conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con la ética médica. La tasa de respuesta fue del 90,00% (n=108). Al considerar los conocimientos y las actitudes relacionados con la ética médica, se descubrió que la mayoría (n=64, 59,30%) de los médicos especialistas están muy en desacuerdo con que "la confidencialidad no es un aspecto tan importante del tratamiento". Del total de encuestados, 26 (24,10%) están muy de acuerdo y 54 (50%) están de acuerdo con la afirmación "se debe informar a los familiares cercanos sobre el estado del paciente". Al considerar las prácticas relacionadas con la ética médica, descubrimos que "si un paciente desea morir, se le debe ayudar a hacerlo sin importar su enfermedad" es la práctica ética con la que 32 (29,60%) encuestados están muy en desacuerdo y 56 (51,90%) están en desacuerdo. Además, descubrimos que 48 (44,40%) de los encuestados están muy de acuerdo y 52 (48,10%) están de acuerdo con la práctica "la ética como parte del programa de estudios debería enseñarse en todas las instituciones de enseñanza médica". Estos resultados implican que los médicos especialistas de Sri Lanka tienen un buen conocimiento y actitudes positivas hacia los principios éticos básicos. Sin embargo, todavía necesitan mejorar sus conocimientos y actitudes en relación con las cuestiones éticas de sus propios colegas. Para mejorar la situación, se recomienda la formación médica continua de los médicos especialistas, la creación de comités de ética en los hospitales, el nombramiento de especialistas en ética en los hospitales y la realización de conferencias sobre casos clínicos relacionados con prácticas no éticas.   

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of sustainability in two university populations, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Salas-Zapata ◽  
Jaiberth Antonio Cardona-Arias
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Age Attitudes ◽  
Practice Knowledge ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

PurposeThe objective of this study was to analyze knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on the sustainability in two populations of university students.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional analytical study with university students.FindingsThe scale employed showed remarkable psychometric properties of reproducibility and validity. Besides, KAP levels were found to be related in the studied population, with higher levels of knowledge and attitudes than those of practice. Knowledge was found to be related to educational cycle and age, attitudes with sex and age and practices with age.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies in the field of KAP related to sustainability and environmental issues in using a validated psychometric scale. As a consequence, this study also offers methodological details necessary to make comparisons with similar populations in other countries.

scholarly journals Consumers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Medicine Price Transparency at Private Healthcare Setting in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Sufiza Ahmad ◽  
Ernieda Hatah ◽  
Mohamad Ridha Jalil ◽  
Mohd Makmor-Bakry
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Medicine Price ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Price Transparency ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Medicine price transparency refers to the practice of making prices available to consumers for them to identify, compare, and select the medicine that provides the desired value. This study aimed to evaluate consumer knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Malaysia's medicine price transparency initiative, as well as factors that may influence related good consumer practices in private healthcare settings.Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was conducted between May and July 2019 among consumers attending private healthcare institutions in Malaysia. The self-developed and validated survey consisted of four sections on the following: respondents' demographics, and 28 close-ended and graded Likert scale answer options on knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward medicine price transparency. Factors influencing good consumer practices toward the transparency initiative were modeled using binary logistic regression.Results: A total of 679 respondents were part of the study. The mean age of respondents was 38 ± 13.3, with the majority (n = 420, 61.9%) being female. The respondents' mean score of knowledge and attitudes toward the price transparency initiative was 5.6 ± 1.5 of the total score of 8 and 31.9 ± 4.0 of the total score of 40, respectively. The respondents had the lowest score in the practice of price transparency, with a mean score of 31.5 ± 5.6 of the total score of 60. Male gender, Chinese ethnicity, high score on knowledge and attitudes, and high expenses on medicines influenced respondents' good practices of medicine price transparency.Conclusion: Respondents had good knowledge and attitudes, but their usage and implementation of the medicine price transparency initiative was still inadequate. A number of factors influence this inadequacy, including gender, race, consumers' out-of-pocket spending on medication, and knowledge of and attitudes toward price transparency practices. Consumer-driven market price control would be impossible to achieve without the good consumer practices of medicine price transparency.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for Tuberculosis in Ngabe-Bugle Populations in Rural Panama

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cuevas ◽  
Kaosoluchi Enendu ◽  
Sophia Raefsky ◽  
Param Bhatter ◽  
Emily Frisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Tb 61 ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Panama has a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB), especially in rural communities. A patient survey was administered to assess practices, knowledge and attitudes towards TB within the Ngabe-Bugle population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed at Floating Doctors clinics. Subjects with familiarity of TB were assessed through questions about transmission, cause, symptoms, and treatment. Results: Of the 106 patients who completed the TB practices survey, 68 patients (64%) knew of TB and completed the entire survey. Of the 64% who knew of TB, 61% knew medicine treated TB and over 80% could identify symptoms of TB. 40% reported they would feel ashamed of a TB diagnosis. Conclusions: Most with TB familiarity knew of TB symptoms and cause, but were less informed about mode of transmission and treatment. The majority of subjects had negative attitudes towards TB. This shows a need to expand TB education in the Ngabe-Bugle communities.

scholarly journals The Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Search and Rescue Teams of Sri Lanka Army Regarding Search and Rescue as a Response to Disasters

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s144-s144
Author(s):  
Saminda Kumara ◽  
Saveen Semage
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Rescue Operation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Introduction:Sri Lanka Army is a valuable resource for the country as a capacity factor in disaster situations. Sri Lanka Army has established Search and Rescue teams (SAR teams) in all 25 districts.Aim:To describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of SAR teams regarding search and rescue as a response to disasters.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from October to December 2017. Five platoons were selected randomly from high and medium risk district categories, and all five platoons were selected from the low-risk category. The total sample size was 465. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was employed.Results:The median age was 28 years. 3.2% were officers, 96.8% were soldiers, the majority (80.4%) were educated up to G.C.E. (O/L), and 62.4% were married. 52.9% of the population had undergone SAR training during the past three years in Sri Lanka, and none had undergone training outside of the country. Overall knowledge regarding search and rescue as a response to disasters seem to be good (57.2% received higher than a score of 75%). 93.8% has desirable positive attitudes. 73.5% had participated in search and rescue operation as a response to disasters. Overall practices seemed to be poor, (71.3% of the population received lower than a score of 75%). A statistically significant association was observed with a level of education (p = 0.001), designation (p = 0.004), and knowledge on search and rescue as a response to disasters. Level of education, designation, and SAR training had no significant association with attitudes on search and rescue as a response to disasters. A statistically significant association was observed with designation (p = 0.021) and practices.Discussion:Search and rescue drills should be carried out regularly. Knowledge of search and rescue as a response to disasters should be incorporated into training programs for officers and soldiers.

scholarly journals Awareness on legal aspect of physical restraining among nurses in National Institute of Mental Health in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navodya Sewwandi Dasanayake ◽  
Virangi Indrachapa Nethmini ◽  
Nishanthi Manjula Kumari ◽  
Kumudumali Hansika Peiris ◽  
Ganeshmurthi Vijayachithra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background Physical restrain was one of the ancient interventions used to control psychiatric patients. It should be used for a short period, and a registered nurse is responsible to protect rights, treat with dignity and provide high quality care during patient restraining. The objective of the study was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices on physical restraining among nurses in psychiatric wards and units in Sri Lanka.Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the National Institute of Mental Health in Sri Lanka and a pretested self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The associations among the knowledge, attitudes, practices and socio-demographic factors were assessed.Results Knowledge of nursing officers’ regarding physical restraining was at a satisfactory level and increasing with working experience, getting formal education of physical restraining. However, there is no significant association between the knowledge on physical restraining and working experience, formal education of physical restraining and working places. In addition, most of attitudes and practices regarding physical restraining among nurses were not significantly associated with working experience, formal education of physical restraining and working places.Conclusions Participants had satisfactory knowledges, positive attitudes and favorable practices regarding physical restraining. Continuous in-service education programs important to improve the knowledge, attitudes and practices on physical restraining among nurses.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes about end-of-life decisions, good death and principles of medical ethics among doctors in tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thashi Chang ◽  
Saumya Darshani ◽  
Pavithra Manikavasagam ◽  
Carukshi Arambepola
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Death ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes

Abstract Background Competent end-of-life care is an essential component of total health care provision, but evidence suggests that it is often deficient. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes about key end-of-life issues and principles of good death among doctors in clinical settings. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among allopathic medical doctors working in in-ward clinical settings of tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka using a self-administered questionnaire with open- and close-ended questions as well as hypothetical clinical scenarios. Univariate and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent factors associated with knowledge and attitudes. Results Of the responders who had not been a caregiver for a terminally ill relative (n = 390), 57.9% were men with a mean age of 36.5 years (SD = 8.2). Compared to undergraduate (65.6%; n = 256), only 27.4% (n = 107) had received end-of-life care training at postgraduate level. Only 65.9% of doctors favoured disclosing terminal prognosis to patients; 27.7% of doctors were aware of advance directives; 14.6% were aware of the correct time of death when certifying brain death; 70.3% felt more comfortable in withholding than withdrawing life-sustaining treatment; 61.3% were aware of do-not-attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) decisions while 26.7% felt reluctant to administer it; 15.1% thought that all life-sustaining therapy should be withdrawn with a DNACPR decision; and only17.9% were able to name the four principles of medical ethics while 57.9% could not name a single. Participants scored a mean of 9.2 (SD = 3.9) of a maximum 14 points when tested on principles of a ‘good death’. Doctors who had pursued postgraduate studies were more likely to be aware of breaking bad news (adjusted-Odds-Ratio:1.99; 95%CI = 1.19–3.32), advance directives (adjusted-OR: 4.15; 95%CI = 2.49–6.94), aware of certifying the correct time of death (adjusted-OR:2.37; 95%CI = 1.33–4.2) and less reluctant to make DNACPR decisions (adjusted-OR:1.74; 95%CI = 1.13–2.68). Doctors who had worked in ICU were more comfortable withholding than withdrawing treatment (adjusted-OR:1.99; 95%CI = 1.2–3.31). Conclusions Knowledge and attitudes about end-of-life care, good death and principles of medical ethics among doctors in Sri Lanka were suboptimal. Structured training of end-of-life care needs to be integrated within curricula and in-service training.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Cameroonian physicians with regards to acute pain management in the emergency department: a multicenter cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Owono Etoundi ◽  
Junette Arlette Metogo Mbengono ◽  
Ferdinand Ndom Ntock ◽  
Joel Noutakdie Tochie ◽  
Dominique Christelle Anaba Ndom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Pain Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue among Physicians: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Kranthi Swaroop Koonisetty ◽  
Ubydul Haque ◽  
Rajesh Nandy ◽  
Nasrin Aghamohammadi ◽  
Tamanna Urmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Dengue fever is one of the most important viral infections transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Accurate identification of cases and treatment of dengue patients at the early stages can reduce medical complications and dengue mortality rate. This survey aims to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) among physicians in dengue diagnosis and treatment. This study was conducted among physicians in Turkey as one nonendemic country and Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia as three dengue-endemic countries. The dosing frequencies, maximum doses, and contraindications in dengue fever were examined. The results found that physicians from Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia have higher KAP scores in dengue diagnosis and treatment compared to physicians in Turkey. This may be due to a lack of physician’s exposure to a dengue patient as Turkey is considered a nonendemic country. This assessment may help establish a guideline for intervention strategies among physicians to have successful treatment outcomes and reduce dengue mortality.

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