scholarly journals MEMOIRS OF VETERANS OF CHEBOKSARY ELECTRIC ACTUATORS PLANT AS A SOURCE OF THE ORAL HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF CHUVASHIA’S ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CLUSTER

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Yakovleva ◽  
Tatyana N. Ivanova ◽  
Oleg N. Shirokov ◽  
Rustem A. Idrisov
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Social Phenomena

The article analyzes the memoirs of veterans of Cheboksary electric actuators plant. These memoirs contain a description of the activities of the enterprise’s team from the moment of its foundation to the end of the 80’s of the 20th century. The research methodology is based on the methods of «oral history», which involve the analysis of materials obtained by conversations and interviews with participants and witnesses of historical events. This gives the authors the opportunity to draw unconventional conclusions about already known historical facts and to identify previously unknown social phenomena. The novelty of the research is based on the analysis of memoirs that were not previously used as oral historical sources. In addition, the authors’ research approach is new, since the method of «oral history» has become widespread in the historical science of Russia only recently. The results of the study show that the data obtained by the above-mentioned method is an important addition to another group of sources – official documents, statistical reviews, and regulations. Memoirs of the enterprise employees contain estimates of historical events, reflecting the attitude of participants and witnesses to them. The analysis of such value judgments enables to update our knowledge and bring it closer to modern understanding. At the same time, the assessments present in the memoirs do not idealize the historical past. They go beyond official documents and are independent judgments, contributing to a more objective understanding of the historical processes that took place in the USSR in the second half of the twentieth century. Memoirs make it possible to recreate the first years of the plant’s existence, the process of forming its team, and see the assessments of the most important events in the plant’s history through the eyes of insiders. It is since that time that an electrical engineering cluster has been created in Chuvashia, which includes training of highly qualified specialists. This circumstance allows us to draw another conclusion – about the broad prospects of the chosen research direction. Memoirs contain a large array of materials that require repeated processing and continued research. This type of source should continue to be collected in the form of oral conversations and interviews. Such work should eventually result in the formation of a database with the prospect of their storing in various areas for subsequent use by other researchers in accordance with their field of scientific interests. This is also related to the practical significance of the research topic. Its results can be applied in the development of other problems in modern history, and become an example for the further development of modern methodology of historical science.

The Tinder Games: Collective mobile dating app use and gender conforming behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 205015792110050
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sobieraj ◽  
Lee Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Gender Specific

Mobile dating apps like Tinder became very popular among young adults, and, in contrast to mobile dating websites, they were designed to create a more game-like experience. While it is well documented that seeking entertainment is one core motivation for mobile dating app use, the social nature of entertainment has garnered less attention. Therefore, in this paper we draw on research on entertainment in dating apps and the socio-physical contexts of use to identify patterned behaviors of heterosexual users. To do this, we employed a qualitative multi-phase research approach. First, we conducted 20 interviews with mobile dating app users. Based on the findings from that study, we conducted gender-specific focus groups and a discourse analysis to explore the social phenomena identified in phase one. Our findings suggest the fun of mobile dating is not just interacting with potential matches through the apps, but the use of the apps among one’s friends. These “dating games” are entertaining, but importantly mitigate potential social or physical risks of mobile dating. Unsurprisingly, notions of “play” across the interview, focus group, and discourse analyses reflect highly gendered practices surrounding mobile dating apps and different risks associated with such games.

Constructing a Precolonial Owan Chronology and Dating Framework

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 219-249
Author(s):  
Onaiwu W. Ogbomo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
African History ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Genealogical Data

Oral tradition has been recognized by historians as a vital source for historical reconstruction of non-literate societies. However, one of its “deficienc[ies] is an inability to establish and maintain an accurate assessment of the duration of the past [it] seeks to reconstruct.” As a result of its time-lessness it has been declared ahistorical. In the same vein R.A. Sargent argues that [c]hronology is the framework for the reconstruction of the past, and is vital to the correlation of evidence, assessment of data, and the analysis of historical sources. Any construction of history [which] fails to consider or employ dating and the matrix of time to examine the order and nature of events in human experience can probably be labelled ahistorical.Basically, the concern of critics of oral tradition is that, while they are veritable sources of history, the researcher “must work and rework them with an increasing sophistication and critical sense.” Because dating is very pivotal to the historian's craft, different techniques have been adopted alone or in combination to create a relative chronology. In precolonial African history, the most commonly used have been genealogical data which include dynastic generations, genealogical generations (father-to-son succession) and the age-set generation. Also systematically charted comets, solar eclipses, and droughts have been employed by historians in dating historical events, or in calculating the various generational lengths.A dynastic generation is determined by “the time elapsing between the accession of the first member of a given generation to hold office and the accession of the first representative of the next.”

scholarly journals Historia mówiona na Ukrainie: ludzie, tematy, fakty

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 73-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gelinada Grinczenko
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Institutional Status ◽  
Post Soviet Period

 This article is about the situation in Ukraine, which allowed oral history to develop unrestrainedly in the post-Soviet period. The author distinguishes and analyses the development stages of this research approach and defines its distinctive features. Considerable attention is also paid to the analysis of numerous methodological strategies that were used by Ukrainian researchers to write papers based on oral history . The author also mentions numerous national and international projects organised by, or carried out with the participation of Ukrainian researchers. Furthermore, the research subjects undertaken by Ukrainian researchers have been ranked in order of priority. An institutional status is also described, along with the main trends and tendencies in the development of this research approach in Ukraine, which is also shown.

scholarly journals The work of Mark Antonovych in the Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences (USA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Svitlana S. Hodzhal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Active Member ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The purpose of the article is to characterize Mark Antonovichʼs activities at the Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences (USA) as President of the UAN and to determine his contribution to the development of the Academy. Methods of research: historical-typological, historical-genetic, historical-system. Main results: An important contribution to the development and preservation of Ukrainian historical science can be considered the work of researchers in the scientific institutions of the diaspora in the twentieth century. The article analyzes the scientific and organizational work of Marko Dmytrovych Antonovych as an active member of the Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences (UVAN). Marko Dmytrovych joined the scientific institution at the beginning of its foundation. The researcher took an active part in scientific conferences and fruitfully co-operated in the first group of History and Early History with auxiliary sciences, where Marko Antonovych served as secretary. After being elected President by the UVAN in the United States, he devoted himself entirely to the work of the organization. The scientist was in this position during 1992–1997. As the President of UVAN, M. Antonovych participated in the organization of scientific conferences speaking up with the reports. In addition, he was engaged in editing and preparing for the publication of scientific publications. During this period, under the auspices of UIA under the editorship or with the introductory word of M. Antonovych nine editions were published. On his initiative, the reorganization and modernization of the archive and library began. It was planned to inventory library and archival funds, the recruitment of a professional librarian and the purchase of a computer for the introduction of an electronic catalog (including the creation of e-mail). In addition, it was suggested to contact US and Canadian universities to collaborate on microfilming and preservation of some of the most valuable book and archive funds. It was during the presidency of Marko Dmytrovych that an agreement was signed on cooperation between the Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences in the USA and the T. H. Shevchenko Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for ten years (1997-2007), the active cooperation of the Institute with UVAN in Canada, the Historical and Philological Section of NTSh and NTSh in Lviv, the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, the Ukrainian Research Institute of Harvard University, the Harriman Institute and other academic institutions in America, Europe and Canada. UVAN occupied an important place in the organization of scientific life in the diaspora. Marko Antonovych, being a full member, and later also the President of the Academy, greatly contributed to the development of historical science. Thanks to his hard work, collections of archival materials and works by renowned scholars were published. His efforts to reorganize the archives and libraries also had a positive impact on the organization of the scientific activity of the UVAN, and, consequently, on the whole historical science. Practical significance: recommended for use in studying the activities of the Ukrainian diaspora, the work of scientific institutions abroad. Originality: A generalization of UAV activities in the United States was used during the period 1992–1997. Scientific novelty: documents from the UIT archive (Ukraine) and the UVAN archive (USA) were used for the first time. Article type: analitycal.

scholarly journals Strategic Directions of Pedagogical Personnel Training for the System of Continuing Vocational Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 93-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Zeer ◽  
V. S. Tretyakova ◽  
V. I. Miroshnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Speed Training

. Introduction. Transition to a post-industrial socio-economic structure and information society caused education crisis, which is common for world space. Dynamic development of high technologies and rapid obsolescence of knowledge significantly reduced life cycle of professions and caused deep structural changes in the sphere of employment. The need of economics for workers with qualitatively new qualification characteristics - a flexible person with meta-professional competencies, capable to solve complex professional problems and ready for innovative activity not just for today, but with the future in mind - has necessitated a significant updating of the system of vocational training and its reorganisation facilitating the implementation of a formula “lifelong learning”. The solution of problems of education begins with qualitative training of teachers, since the qualities of future professionals - graduates of the educational organisation, primarily depend on the level of teachers’ competencies.The aim of the present article is to determine the strategic directions of innovative development of vocational education and preparation of highly qualified pedagogical personnel.Methodology and research methods. The hypothetico-inductive method, theoretic-methodological analysis and synthesis of the content of scientific literature were the major research methods. The research work was carried out on the basis of the principle of convergence, which determines cross-disciplinary and supra-professional communications, acts as a factor of design and a statement in professiology of a new phenomenon - transprofessionalism. The authors described the concept of transprofessionalism through the process- and project-based approaches.Results and scientific novelty. The developmental trends and directions of vocational education are considered. The principal defining factor of vocational education is close integration of all its processes and subsystems (prevocational training - secondary vocational education - higher education institutions - postgraduate training), which integrity is provided by the continuing and advanced education. The concept of transprofessionalism and convergence in multidisciplinary training of specialists is proved. The innovative educational programmes based on this concept are characterised. The logical-semantic model of a modern specialist is designed. This model can form an empirical basis to design vocational education platform, which integrates socio-humanistic, natural-science disciplines and related innovative technologies for teachers’ training in the system of continuing vocational education. Strategic directions for realisation of such preparation are formulated: transprofessionalism, cooperation / collaboration, advanced and “high-speed” training, digital transformation.Practical significance. The research materials can be useful for specialists in the field of vocational education, heads of the educational organisations in order to develop and make managerial decisions and to effectively organise the process of vocational training of pedagogical personnel.

scholarly journals 'Sado' - A novel and Expressions of creativity and rhetorical allience: Ni-Vanuatu women's voices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela Nyman
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Creative Writing ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Three Generations

This PhD thesis in creative writing explores women’s marginalised or under-represented public voices in Vanuatu, focusing on literary writing. The thesis is in two parts and uses the dual lenses of fiction and critical thinking to explore the factors that define women’s realities and circumscribe the avenues for their voices to be heard and for their creative work to be published. The creative component is the main research element and consists of a novel, Sado,set in Vanuatu. The critical component addresses the invisibility of Ni-Vanuatu women writers and the ways in which they have attempted to overcome and challenge existing social and traditional power structures that silence women. The critical enquiry includes oral history interviews with three generations of Ni-Vanuatu women writers. This thesis is practice-led and uses an applied research approach, rather than a theoretical approach. The novel dramatises and articulates the moral and ethical dilemmas,regarding women’s place in society and the challenges posed by customary traditions rooted in a specific place for an increasingly mobile and urban population. The ethos guiding this project is to hold the space for Ni-Vanuatu women writers to tell their own stories.The thesis sits within the inter-disciplinary frameworks of Pacific Studies and Cultural Studies. It draws on Pacific literature and uses feminist theory and methodology,in combination with articulation and oral history methods,to examine the enabling and constraining factors, the actions, motivation and themes of three generations of Ni-Vanuatu writers, established and emerging, and the alliances they are attempting to forge. The thesis finds, firstly, that gendered norms, certain policies and aspects of customary traditions that use the male position as a default have contributed to limiting the public space for Ni-Vanuatu women’s voices to be heard and given due recognition. It furthermore finds that colonial language policies, particularly in education, have contributed to a reluctance to consider Bislama an appropriate literary vehicle. Finally,literary efforts in Vanuatu continue to be hampered by the absence of a community of writers, supportive institutions, publishing outlets, editorial support and a lack of finance for self-publishing work in printed form. An exploration of the significance of the poetry and non-fiction of two published Ni-Vanuatu writers, Grace Mera Molisa and Mildred Sope, anchors this research project historically. A creative writing workshop and oral history conversations constitute an extension of my research methodology into decolonising methods of research embedded in indigenous knowledge and local context. They likewise provide a generative and more collaborative form of meaning-making. In the spirit of Lisa King’s ideas on rhetorical sovereignty and rhetorical alliance, I explore various opportunities to generate more published writing from Vanuatu in collaboration with Ni-Vanuatu writers.

A Memory for Women’s History: Problems of Method and Interpretation

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-692
Author(s):  
Luisa Passerini
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Women's History ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
Women's Center ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women’S History

This essay describes an oral history project that accompanied the establishment of an archive on the history of recent feminism in the region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The archive, which contains both written and oral historical sources, is now in existence at the library of the Bologna’s Women’s Center, the Centro di Documentazione delle Donne. Raffaella Lamberti (1989) has explained why it was politically important for the Women’s Center to establish such an archive. It should be noted that the Centro di Documentazione, since it was officially proposed in March 1982, has been a totally independent institution, although it draws financial and administrative support from the Regional Administration of Emilia-Romagna.

Using historical accounts to assess the occurrence and distribution of small cetaceans in a poorly known area

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1583-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Brito ◽  
Nina Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Baleen Whales ◽  
Delphinus Delphis ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Common Dolphins

Historical science may play an important role in helping understanding and shaping the future of the world's oceans and to comprehend present day effects and conditions. Regarding cetaceans, historical accounts may be extremely useful to add new data to their occurrence and distribution in poorly studied regions. In Portugal, historical sources indicate that toninhas (possibly common dolphins Delphinus delphis) were observed since the 13th Century and were captured in large numbers during the late 19th and 20th Centuries. Historical occurrences given by naturalists and scientific surveys conducted by biologists indicate their regular presence with particular preference for certain areas. Also, recent observations of opportunity resulted in the same kind of accounts. Between 1976 and 1978, a study on captured cetaceans along the Portuguese shore found at fish markets was conducted and resulted in a total count of 45 cetaceans. Most captures were of small cetaceans (87% common dolphins), even though four baleen whales were registered. These cetacean captures were part of a local non-industrial fishery, as they were not the main target, but rather opportunistic catches or even by-catches of other fisheries. Delphinids were not protected by law at the time and were caught with hand harpoons or accidentally drowned in fish nets, sometimes sold at major fish markets such as Sesimbra, Peniche and Póvoa de Varzim. In geographical areas where recent cetacean sightings are rare and information is sparse, such as Portugal, it becomes important to take advantage of alternative sources of data. Our contribution towards the compilation of relevant historical and ‘forgotten’ science such as old natural observations, whaling data and observations of opportunity stresses the relevance of using historical data to access past occurrence and distribution of cetaceans.

scholarly journals KEARIFAN LOKAL SEBAGAI MODAL SOSIAL DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PERDAMAIAN DI PAPUA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanto T Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Ethnic Nationalism ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Phenomenological Research Design ◽  
Civic Nationalism ◽  
Historical Methods

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Diskursus tentang Papua yang dikembangkan selalu dikaitkan dengan tiga isu utama yang saling berkelindan yaitu konflik, politik, dan sumber daya alam. Padahal Papua memiliki kekayaan kearifan lokal yang luar biasa. Pendekatan penelitian adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain penelitian fenomenologi. Penelitian ini juga didukung metode sejarah yang meliputi: penelusuran sumber sejarah, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan eksplanasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kearfian lokal Papua dalam bentuk <em>Para-Para Adat,</em>  <em>Tikar Adat,  </em> <em>Bakar Batu</em> dan <em>Bayar Kepala</em>, memberikan nilai budaya kepada tatanan hidup dan relasi sosial. Kearifan lokal yang menjadi modal sosial  untuk membangun dan mengembangkan perdamaian di Papua. Modal sosial ini bila dibangun, dirawat, dikembangkan, dan diimplementasikan dapat menjadi wahana peredam dalam menyelesaikan konflik yang terjadi. Keberagaman di Papua baik suku bangsa, ras, agama, budaya, dan lainnya menjadi sisi positif dalam menggerakkan pembangunan untuk mensejahterakan seluruh penduduk yang tinggal di Papua. Namun demikian pemberdayaan penduduk lokal dalam segala aspek kehidupan adalah hal yang paling urgen. Sehingga terjalin relasi dinamis dan sinergis antara <em>etnic</em> nasionalisme dengan <em>state</em> nasionalisme dan melahirkan serta menumbuhkembangkan <em>civic</em> nasionalisme.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> kearifan lokal; modal sosial; perdamaian; Papua;</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>The discourse about Papua that has been developed has always been linked to three main interrelated issues, namely conflict, politics, and natural resources. Though Papua has a wealth of extraordinary local wisdom. The research approach is a qualitative approach to phenomenological research design. This research is also supported by historical methods which include: tracing historical sources, source criticism, interpretation and explanation, and historiography. The results showed that the local wisdom  were in the form Para-Para Adat,  Tikar Adat,   Bakar Batu and Bayar Kepala, giving cultural values to the order of life and social relations. Local wisdom becomes social capital to build and develop peace in Papua. This social capital if it is built, maintained, developed and implemented can be a vehicle of silencing in resolving conflicts that occur. Diversity in Papua, both ethnic groups, races, religions, cultures, and others, is a positive side in driving development for the welfare of all residents living in Papua. However, empowering local people in all aspects of life is the most urgent thing. So that there is a dynamic and synergic relationship between ethnic nationalism and state nationalism and giving birth and developing civic nationalism.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> local wisdom; social capital; peace; Papua;</em>

scholarly journals Transformations of historical events and facts assessments in the context of socio-cultural influence of modernity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Georgievna Ippolitova
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transformational Process ◽  
Historical Periods

The paper shows the transformation of attitudes towards historical events, facts and personalities due to the influence of the thinking paradigms of the modern socio-cultural environment. Objectivity of historical science is a moving thing, because history itself is an organic part of culture, reflecting in its interpretations its mentality and value orientations important for society at a certain period of time. The historical process is a lively cultural stream, filled with unique signs and symbols, ways of demonstration in culture. Modernity determines the attitude of society to the historical process, the importance of personalities and their popularity. Here the historical assessment becomes a reflection of modern realities. We cannot fully feel the influence of the historical character, we can just imagine. We try on the images of the past, fantasize a bit, we give emotions and feelings, including the subjectivity of perception of historical events in modern times. The society draws historical parallels, evaluates the past from the standpoint of the paradigm of thinking that it understands, which leads to the transformation of historical assessments in different historical periods. All of the above, of course, is characteristic of the transformational process of national history, as shown in a number of examples. They reflect the interpretation characteristic of modern society rather than the position of the author. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of the Great Patriotic War, which is necessary to remember to strengthen the unity of the society and to broadcast patriotic values.

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