scholarly journals Modes of application with Cobalt and Molybdenum fertilizations in different stages of soybean development and yield of soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
A. G. Comiran ◽  
C. S. Pereira ◽  
I. V. A. Fiorini ◽  
P. L. F. Galdino ◽  
F. G. Moraga ◽  
...  

The elements cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo) are micronutrients of great importance for legumes, since they play a fundamental role in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen assimilated by bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the yield components of soybean as a function of different doses and time of application of cobalt and molybdenum via leaf. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Vera - Mato Grosso. The treatments consisted of the combination of five doses of the micronutrient (0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mL ha-1) with two phenologicals stages of application periods (V5, fifth node and fourth trifoliate flower and R2, full flowering)). The characteristics evaluated: dry mass of the nodules, number of nodules, number of pods per plant, grains per pod, mass of 100 grains and productivity. It is concluded that under the conditions of this experiment, the application of cobalt and molybdenum via leaf in V5 and R2 does not alter soybean nodulation. The application in the reproductive period (R2) provides a greater number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod, but does not affect productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
P. L. G. Galdino ◽  
C. S. Pereira ◽  
I. V. A. Fiorini ◽  
F. G. Moraga ◽  
A. G. Comiran ◽  
...  

Advanced agricultural techniques have considerably increased soybean yield, but have led to the depletion of micronutrients in soils without adequate replenishment and have a key role in the maintenance and / or attainment of high yields in the soybean crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the soybean yield components as a function of different doses and times of application of Cobalt (Co) and Molybdenum (Mo) via leaf. The experiment was conducted at the Celeste Farm, in Vera - Mato Grosso. Two applications of Co and Mo were made in the culture with the following doses of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mL, the first application occurred in the V5 stage (fourth fully developed trifoliate leaf), and the second application in R2 (flowering full). A cultivar BRS811CRR was used in 40 plots of 11.25 m². The following variables were evaluated: plant height, dry mass, one hundred grain mass, number of pods per plant, grains per pod and productivity. The agronomic characteristics of the plants were not altered by the application of molybdenum cobalt via leaf, in the different stages of development of the soybean crop.


2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C.R. Dias ◽  
S.J.P. Carvalho ◽  
L.W. Marcolini ◽  
M.S.C. Melo ◽  
P.J. Christoffoleti

Weeds compete with field crops mainly for water, light and nutrients, and the degree of competition is affected by the weed density and the intrinsic competitive ability of each plant species in coexistence. The objective of this research was to compare the competitiveness of alexandergrass (Brachiaria plantaginea) or Bengal dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) in coexistence with soybean, cv. M-Soy 8045. A factorial experiment (2 x 5) with two weed species and five competition proportions was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Proportions were based on a replacement series competition design, always maintaining the total density of four plants per 10 L plastic pots, which corresponded to 60 plants m ². The weed-crop proportions were: 0:4; 1:3; 2:2; 3:1; 4:0; that corresponded to the proportion of 100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of soybean plants and the opposite for weeds, B. plantaginea or C. benghalensis plants. Leaf area, shoot dry mass of the weeds and soybean and number of soybean trifoliate leaves were evaluated when the soybean reached the phenologic stage of full flowering. B. plantaginea was a better competitor than soybean plants. Otherwise, C. benghalensis revealed a similar competitive ability that of the soybean. In both cases, there were evidences that intraspecific competition was more important.


Author(s):  
Everson Oliveira MACHADO ◽  
Everton Oliveira MACHADO ◽  
Alessandra de Lourdes BALLARIS ◽  
Marcelo Romero Ramos da SILVA

O mamoeiro é umas das plantas frutíferas mais comuns em quase todos os países da América Tropical. Um dos principais problemas na cadeia produtiva da cultura de mamão é obter bom manejo do material propagativo e garantir uniformidade e qualidade de estande, sendo para isso necessária a obtenção de mudas de qualidades fisiológicas e sanitárias adequadas.  A utilização de produtos alternativos vem demonstrando efeitos significativos no desenvolvimento radicular de várias plantas, o que beneficia a formação de um pomar de maneira rápida, homogênea, permitindo assim a antecipação da colheita e maior lucratividade ao produtor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do organomineral em diferentes doses na produção de mudas da cultura do mamoeiro da cultivar Sunrise Solo Line 72/12, em condições de ambiente protegido. O experimento foi conduzido no viveiro de mudas do Centro Universitário de Santa Fé do Sul - UNIFUNEC, Campus II. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com seis tratamentos (0; 0,050; 0,100; 0,200; 0,300 e 0,400 kg tratamento de organomineral) e quatro repetições (6X4), utilizando 5 saquinhos por repetição, totalizando 120 saquinhos. Os dados biométricos analisados foram altura da planta (cm); comprimento da raiz (cm); diâmetro do caule (cm); massa úmida e seca da área foliar (g) e massa úmida e seca da raiz (g), aos 60 dias após plantio. Com base nos dados obtidos dos caracteres agronômicos analisados, conclui-se que o uso das doses 0,050; 0,100; 0,200 e 0,300 kg por tratamento de fertilizante organomineral promoveu a obtenção de mudas de mamoeiro com maior qualidade fisiológica que são imprescindíveis na formação de pomares comerciais.   REVIEW OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF ORGANIC MINERAL FERTILIZERS FOR PAPAYA SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT   ABSTRACT The papaya tree is one of the most common fruit trees in almost all Tropical American countries. One of the main issues in the papaya cultivation production chain is obtaining good management of propagative material and provide uniformity and quality for sales quality assurance, being to this end necessary to obtain physiological and sanitary appropriate seedling. The use of alternative products has demonstrated significant effects on the root development of several plants, benefiting a fast, homogeneous formation of an orchard, resulting in the anticipation of the harvest and higher profitability for the farmers. This paper aims at reviewing the organic mineral in different doses to produce papaya tree seedling from cultivar Sunrise Solo Line 72/12, in environment-protected conditions. The experiment was carried out at the Centro Universitário de Santa Fé do Sul - UNIFUNEC, Campus II greenhouse. The trial design chosen was the completely randomized blocks, with 6 treatments (0; 0,050; 0,100; 0,200; 0,300, and 0,400 kg organic mineral treatment), and four repetitions (6X4), using 5 small bags per repetition, total 120 small bags. Biometric data analyzed was the plant height (cm); root length (cm); stem diameter (cm); wet and dry mass of the leaf area (g), and wet and dry mass of the root area (g), 60 days after planting. Based on the data obtained from agronomic characters analyzed, it was concluded that the use of 0,050; 0,100; 0,200, and 0,300 kg doses per treatment with organic mineral fertilizer provided papaya tree seedling with higher physiological quality which are vital for the commercial formation of orchards.   Keywords: Carica papaya L. Seedling. Propagation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
Luciane De Siqueira Mendes ◽  
Marcia Eugenia Amaral Carvalho ◽  
Willian Rodrigues Macedo ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Camargo e Castro

The use of plant growth regulators is directly related to the success of in vitro propagation, which is an advantageous alternative to obtain seedlings on a commercial scale. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro development of ‘IAC 95-5000’ sugarcane seedlings after the addition of different doses of ethephon (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1) or gibberellic acid (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mg L-1) to the culture medium. Ethephon increased the number of tillers (up to 231.70%), reduced height of the main tiller (44.66 to 60.47%), and did not affect the shoot´s fresh and dry mass. On the other hand, gibberellin decreased the number of tillers and negatively changed biomass partitioning. It is concluded that the use of ethephon is a potential strategy to enhance in vitro production of ‘IAC 95-5000’ sugarcane seedlings, since it increased the number of usable shoots in subsequent subcultures, and its effects on height reduction can be reversible. However, the use of the tested doses of gibberellic acid is not recommended, because it impaired seedling development of this sugarcane variety.


Author(s):  
Т.В. ПЕЛИПЕНКО

Исследованы потенциальные возможности ресурсосберегающей технологии переработки шалфея лекарственного (ШЛ). Объектом исследования были образцы эфирномасличного сырья – свежеубранные надземные части ШЛ в фазе полного цветения растения и сухие листья ШЛ. Предложенная схема переработки включает следующие стадии: получение эфирного масла; извлечение конкрета из обезэфиренных отходов экстракцией углеводородным растворителем и последующей его отгонкой; получение абсолютного масла и очищенных восков из конкрета отходов; извлечение дитерпеновых соединений экстракцией этиловым спиртом из отходов сырья после обработки гексаном. В результате исследований фракционного состава сырья и особенностей локализации эфирного масла установлено, что массовая доля эфирного масла составляет, % к сухой массе исследуемых фракций: в листьях и соцветиях 2,75, в стеблях 0,31. Рекомендовано введение ограничительных норм по соотношению технически ценной фракции – листьев и соцветий и балластной – стеблей. Полученное из ШЛ эфирное масло имеет высокое содержание туйонов (31,50%), камфоры (21,0%) и 1,8-цинеола (18,80%). Выход дитерпеновых соединений при комплексной переработке эфирномасличного сырья ШЛ на 38,0% ниже, чем из сухих листьев растения. Однако при расчете на сухую массу листьев и соцветий, составляющих 62,3% от массы сырья, показатели отличаются незначительно. Общий выход продуктов, содержащих комплекс биологически активных веществ, составил 15,53 %, что подтверждает целесообразность использования комплексной переработки шалфея лекарственного. The potential of resource-saving technology for processing medicinal sage (MS) has been studied. Samples of essential oil raw materials-freshly harvested aboveground parts of MS in the phase of full flowering of the plant and dry leaves of MS were the object of research. The proposed process flow diagram includes the following stages: obtaining essential oil; recovering a particular from deester waste by extraction with a hydrocarbon solvent and its subsequent distillation; obtaining absolute oil and refined waxes from a specific waste; extraction of diterpene compounds from raw waste after treatment with hexane by extraction with ethyl alcohol. As a result of studies of the fractional composition of raw materials and the features of localization of essential oil, it was found that the mass fraction of essential oil is, % of the dry mass of the studied fractions: 2,75 in leaves and inflorescences, and 0,31 in stems. The introduction of restrictive norms on the ratio of technically valuable fraction – leaves and inflorescences and ballast – stems is recommended. The essential oil obtained from MS has a high content of tuyons (31,50%), camphor (21,0%) and 1,8-cineol (18,80%). The yield of diterpene compounds in the complex processing of essential oil raw materials MS is 38,0% lower than from dry leaves of the plant. However when calculating the dry mass of leaves and inflorescences, which make up 62,3% of the mass of raw materials, the indicators differ slightly. The total yield products containing a complex of biologically active substances amounted to 15,53%, which confirms the feasibility of complex processing of medicinal sage.


Author(s):  
F. G. Véliz-Deras ◽  
S. Zúñiga-García ◽  
G. Calderón-Leyva ◽  
J. Otal-Salaverri ◽  
S. Moreno-Avalos ◽  
...  

Background: Goats from subtropical and temperate latitudes show reproductive seasonality. For this reason, the products obtained from goats also shows the same seasonality, reducing the finances of goat keepers. Several studies have focused on reducing reproductive seasonality through the use of hormonal protocols based on progestogens, in addition to the use of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) hormone, used for its double biological activity that ensures an optimal response to induce estrus and pregnancy in goats. The objective was to assess whether reduced doses of eCG are effective in inducing reproductive activity in anestrous goats. Methods: During the transition reproductive period (June), mix-breed Creole goats (n=39), were treated with intramuscular progesterone (P4), later, the experimental treatments, consisting in different doses (50, 100, 50+50 or 200 IU) of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) were applied. After the application of the experimental protocols, the reproductive activity of the goats was evaluated. Result: This study shows that one dose of 100 IU of eCG effectively induced reproductive behavior in anestrous Creole goats towards the end of the seasonal anestrus. This protocol makes the use of exogenous hormones more efficient, with reduce doses, decreasing expenses and is practical use by goat producers.


Author(s):  
Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva ◽  
Juliane de Souza Beltrão ◽  
Raphael Pereira França de Paula ◽  
Wellington Fava Roque ◽  
Ana Paula Alves Barreto Damasceno ◽  
...  

Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of giant Crimson radish cultivated in a oxisol under phosphate fertilizer sources (natural phosphate, triple superphosphate, natural phosphate + triple superphosphate and control) associated with water availabilities (40, 80 and 120% of the field capacity). Study Design: The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4x3 factorial scheme, with 4 replications (48 units). Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in a greenhouse belonging to the Federal University of Mato Grosso, in the municipality of Rondonópolis (MT). Methodology: The dystrophic Oxisol was used to fill the 1.5 dm3 pots. The irrigation management was in accordance with the methodology of the maximum water retention capacity, by the gravimetric method. Phosphate fertilization was applied before sowing using 265 mg dm-3 phosphorus, varying the source used, triple superphosphate and Bayovar Natural phosphate. After the emergence of the plants, the other nutrients were applied to the soil. The parameters related to vegetative development and after the harvest of radish were evaluated at 20 and 35 days after sowing. Results: The parameters fresh mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the tubercle, dry mass of the aerial part, fresh mass of tubercle and length of tubercle had the highest values with the use of triple superphosphate, and for the field capacities of 80 and 120%. The highest harvest index (1.51) was found for the use of Natural phosphate in the field capacity of 120%. The water consumption by the plants was higher with the use of triple superphosphate and field capacity of 120% (6,425.25 L). The efficiency of water use was better with the application of triple Superphosphate and 40% of the field capacity (0.0547 g mL-1). Conclusion: There was influence of both water availabilities and phosphate fertilization on the studied parameters. Triple superphosphate associated with 80% of the field capacity allowed the best productivity averages for radish.


2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Eduardo José Zanella ◽  
Juliano Berghetti ◽  
Bruno Tabarelli Scheidt ◽  
Ricardo Trezzi Casa ◽  
Amauri Bogo ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Macrophomina phaseolina is a soilborne pathogen with a wide range of hosts and its control through agricultural practices is difficult. The aim of this study was to quantify the severity of root rot (SRR) caused by M. phaseolina in common bean cultivars and its impact on yield components. The experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions with the common bean cultivars ‘ANFC-9 Agro Norte’, ‘BRS Esteio’, ‘BRS Estilo’, ‘BRS Pérola’, ‘FTS Soberano’, ‘IPR Campos Gerais’, ‘IPR Tangará’, ‘IPR Tuiuiú’, ‘IPR Uirapurú’ and ‘TAA Dama’. Three isolates of M. phaseolina obtained from infected plants of common bean, soybeans and maize were inoculated in the common bean cultivars. In the phenological stage R9 of grain harvest maturity, the SRR and the yield components of root dry mass (RDM), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per plant (NGP) and grain mass per plant (GMP) were assessed. All common bean cultivars were susceptible to M. phaseolina, showing a reduction in NPP, NGP and GMP. SPR was greater than 75%, regardless of the origin of isolates. Considering the average of cultivars, there was a significant decrease of 54.3% in RDM, compared to control treatments. The cultivars ‘IPR Tangará’, ‘ANFC-9 Agro Norte’, ‘BRS Esteio’, ‘BRS Pérola’ and ‘FTS Soberano’ had a decrease in at least one yield component, while a reduction occurred in all components for cultivar ‘IPR Tangará’. There was an average decrease in NPP, NGP and GMP of 7.9%, 7.6% and 7.2%; 13.4%, 12.8% and 6.7%; and 14.2%, 12.9% and 10.1%, considering the isolates obtained from beans, soybeans and maize, respectively.


Author(s):  
Camila B.A. Tufik

The potato is one of the most economically important crops in Brazil, and among the items that most cost the production is seed potatoes. The deficiency of one nutrient can interfere with the absorption and accumulation of the others in plants. The aim of this work was to quantify the optimal potassium (K) dose for minituber basic seed potato yield in hydroponic system. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse with the Agata cultivar minitubers. The treatments consisted of five doses of K (0.0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5 e 10.0 mmol L-1) with four repetitions. The experimental design was a randomized block design. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. The number of tubers, fresh mass, classification and dry mass were measured. The content of K and content other nutrients in the seed potato tubers were also evaluated. In the hydroponic systems, the maximum yield per plant was 48.41 tubers obtained with 6.15 mmol L-1 of K and maximum mass of fresh matter was 646.6 g.


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