scholarly journals Lung ultrasound in COVID-19 pregnancies: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
F. Moro ◽  
G. Beneduce ◽  
D. Buonsenso ◽  
Ch. Landolfo ◽  
F. Mascilini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Procedure Development

Lung ultrasound has been recognized as a valid imaging method for diagnosing and monitoring COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant women. The present review aimed to summarize the main findings reported in the literature and international guidelines on the role of lung ultrasound in the care of pregnant women affected by COVID-19. A search strategy was developed and applied to PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE to identify previous papers reporting the utility of ultrasound in diagnosing and monitoring COVID-19 pneumonia. The search retrieved 369 articles and 23 of these were selected for analysis. The articles mainly focused on the definition of the procedure, development of training programs for obstetricians managing pregnant women with suspicion of COVID-19 and definition of scoring systems. The clinical applications of lung ultrasound in this setting have also been described. This review could encourage obstetricians to learn lung ultrasound to use during critical events like a pandemic.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Role of the Perfusion Computed Tomography in Abdominal Cancer

Dose-Response ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932582110561
Author(s):  
Nunzia Garbino ◽  
Valentina Brancato ◽  
Marco Salvatore ◽  
Carlo Cavaliere
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Perfusion Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Oncologic Diseases

Background and purpose Perfusion Computed Tomography (CTp) is an imaging technique which allows quantitative and qualitative evaluation of tissue perfusion through dynamic CT acquisitions. Since CTp is still considered a research tool in the field of abdominal imaging, the aim of this work is to provide a systematic summary of the current literature on CTp in the abdominal region to clarify the role of this technique for abdominal cancer applications. Materials and Methods A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed to identify original articles involving the use of CTp for clinical applications in abdominal cancer since 2011. Studies were included if they reported original data on CTp and investigated the clinical applications of CTp in abdominal cancer. Results Fifty-seven studies were finally included in the study. Most of the included articles (33/57) dealt with CTp at the level of the liver, while a low number of studies investigated CTp for oncologic diseases involving UGI tract (8/57), pancreas (8/57), kidneys (3/57), and colon–rectum (5/57). Conclusions Our study revealed that CTp could be a valuable functional imaging tool in the field of abdominal oncology, particularly as a biomarker for monitoring the response to anti-tumoral treatment.

Quantitative Lung Ultrasound: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Mongodi ◽  
Daniele De Luca ◽  
Andrea Colombo ◽  
Andrea Stella ◽  
Erminio Santangelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Opening Up

Lung ultrasound is increasingly used in emergency departments, medical wards, and critical care units—adult, pediatric, and neonatal. In vitro and in vivo studies show that the number and type of artifacts visualized change with lung density. This has led to the idea of a quantitative lung ultrasound approach, opening up new prospects for use not only as a diagnostic but also as a monitoring tool. Consequently, the multiple scoring systems proposed in the last few years have different technical approaches and specific clinical indications, adaptable for more or less time-dependent patients. However, multiple scoring systems may generate confusion among physicians aiming at introducing lung ultrasound in their clinical practice. This review describes the various lung ultrasound scoring systems and aims to clarify their use in different settings, focusing on technical aspects, validation with reference techniques, and clinical applications.

Influence of Arterial Hypertension on the Pregnancy in Women with RH-Negative Blood

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Тамазаева ◽  
Kh. Tamazaeva ◽  
Омаров ◽  
N.S. Omarov
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Threatened Premature Birth ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
D Antigen ◽  
Work Up

The purpose of the study was to assess the role of arterial hypertension (AH) in the development of immunization in women with Rh-negative blood to optimize perinatal outcomes. Subject and methods. A prospective comparatively study was conducted in 3 groups of pregnant women with Rh-negative blood. The 1-st group (n=148) was with hypertensive disease (HD), the 2-nd group (n=144) - with gestational arterial hypertension (GAH); the 3-rd group (n=110) - without somatic pathology. The immune-hematological studies included a definition of the partial D antigen using gel method. Results. It was definited that the pregnancy of these patients accompanied by the high frequency of early gestational toxicosis, threatened premature birth, preeclampsia, placental insufficiency as well as expressed changes immu-nological properties of blood, which are pathogenetic basis of fetal and neonatal rhesus hemolytic disease. Antibodies (AB) in the blood serum of patients with hypertension were detected in the first half of pregnancy (up to 20 weeks) in 1.2-1.4 times more often than in healthy women, high titer of AB rate in patients with HD was significantly higher compared to other groups. Disadvantageous combination of immunoglobulins subclasses Gl and G3 was found in the group of pregnant women with HD (11.4%) and GAH (10,8%), significantly less frequently (6,45%) in the control group. Conclusion. To improve maternal, fetal and neonatal gestation outcomes the authors justified the necessity of prenatal work-up and delivery of these women.

scholarly journals A Narrative Review on the Relationship between Female Reproductive Factors and Longevity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 885-886
Author(s):  
Christy Costanian ◽  
Raymond Farah ◽  
Sola Bahous ◽  
Abla Sibai
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Premature Menopause ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This review presents findings on the role of female reproductive factors on longevity.A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted using four electronic databases: OVID Medline, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar from inception until May 2020 and restricted to English language articles that tackle the relationship between reproductive factors and longevity in its various definitions. Our search yielded a total of 306 articles. After screening based on the eligibility criteria,37 articles were included for review. The majority of studies were prospective and conducted in Western populations. The most consistent findings were between parity and increased longevity. The role of ages at menarche and menopause, premature menopause, as well as reproductive lifespan on longevity were not conclusive. Whether gender of offspring is related to maternal longevity is yet to be fully elucidated.Variations in findings are in the majority due to differentials in the definition of longevity as an outcome. Further longitudinal studies based in developing countries are needed to examine reproductive factors related to longevity.

scholarly journals Role of Lung Ultrasound in Predicting Clinical Severity and Fatality in COVID-19 Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Ivan Skopljanac ◽  
Mirela Pavicic Ivelja ◽  
Ognjen Barcot ◽  
Ivan Brdar ◽  
Kresimir Dolic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
High Flow Nasal Cannula ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Background: Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a useful imaging method for identifying COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this study was to explore the role of LUS in predicting the severity of the disease and fatality in patients with COVID-19. Methods: This was a single-center, follow-up study, conducted from 1 November 2020, to 22 March 2021. The LUS protocol was based on the assessment of 14 lung zones with a total score up to 42, which was compared to the disease severity and fatality. Results: A total of 133 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by RT-PCR were enrolled, with a median time from hospital admission to lung ultrasound of one day. The LUS score was correlated with clinical severity at hospital admission (Spearman’s rho 0.40, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.53, p < 0.001). Patients with higher LUS scores were experiencing greater disease severity; a high flow nasal cannula had an odds ratio of 1.43 (5% CI 1.17–1.74) in patients with LUS score > 29; the same score also predicted the need for mechanical ventilation (1.25, [1.07–1.48]). An LUS score > 30 (1.41 [1.18–1.68]) and age over 68 (1.26 [1.11–1.43]) were significant predictors of fatality. Conclusions: LUS at hospital admission is shown to have a high predictive power of the severity and fatality of COVID-19 pneumonia.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of In-Vitro Bonding of Glass-Ionomer Restorative Materials to Primary Teeth

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3915
Author(s):  
Tamara Peric ◽  
Evgenija Markovic ◽  
Dejan Markovic ◽  
Bojan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Bonding Properties

Restoration of primary teeth is among the main clinical applications of glass-ionomer cements (GIC). The aim of the study was to review and summarize existing evidence of in vitro bond strength of glass-ionomer (GI) restoratives to enamel and dentin of primary teeth. A literature search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published until April 2021. The search strategy was: (“glass”) and (“ionomer”) and (“primary” or “deciduous”) and (“bond” or “tensile” or “shear”). Two researchers independently retrieved articles that reported on the bond strength of GIC to primary dentin and/or enamel. The meta-analysis was performed to compare the bond strength values of conventional (C) GIC and resin-modified (RM) GIC to different substrates. From 831 potentially eligible articles, 30 were selected for the full-text examination, and 7 were included in the analysis. Studies were rated at high (3), medium (3), and low (1) risk of bias. RM-GIC showed higher bond strength to primary enamel and dentin compared to the C-GIC. Meta-analysis of in vitro studies, evaluating bonding properties of GI restoratives to primary teeth, suggests the superior performance of RM-GIC. However, there is a lack of studies that examine the properties of novel GI formulations.

scholarly journals Clinical role of lung ultrasound for diagnosis and monitoring of COVID‐19 pneumonia in pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Buonsenso ◽  
F. Raffaelli ◽  
E. Tamburrini ◽  
D. G. Biasucci ◽  
S. Salvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Role

scholarly journals Does Lung Ultrasound Have a Role in the Clinical Management of Pregnant Women with SARS COV2 Infection?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2762
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Porpora ◽  
Lucia Merlino ◽  
Luisa Masciullo ◽  
Rossella D’Alisa ◽  
Gabriella Brandolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
In Pregnancy

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a major health threat. Pregnancy can lead to an increased susceptibility to viral infections. Although chest computed tomography (CT) represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, lung ultrasound (LUS) could be a valid alternative in pregnancy. The objectives of this prospective study were to assess the role of LUS in the diagnosis of lung involvement and in helping the physicians in the management of affected patients. Thirty pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted at the obstetrical ward of our Hospital. Mean age was 31.2 years, mean gestational age 33.8 weeks. Several LUS were performed during hospitalization. The management of the patients was decided according to the LUS score and the clinical conditions. Mean gestational age at delivery was at 37.7 weeks, preterm birth was induced in 20% of cases for a worsening of the clinical conditions. No neonatal complications occurred. In 9 cases with a high LUS score, a chest CT was performed after delivery. CT confirmed the results of LUS, showing a significant positive correlation between the two techniques. LUS seems a safe alternative to CT in pregnancy and may help in the management of these patients.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Role of Toll-Like Receptor 9 in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Protocol for a Systematic Review

Thrita ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Hosseini ◽  
Shabnam Nadjafi ◽  
Leila Janani ◽  
Zahra Faraji ◽  
Behnaz Ashtari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Meta Analyses

Context: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting many people around the world. Recently, it has been reported that toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in AD; therefore, the present study aimed to systematically review the studies and to meta-analyze the role of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in AD. Methods: Seven main electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, will be considered with no language restrictions. Full texts of articles will be prepared by a determined search strategy. Studies including the assessment of TLR9 function in adults with AD, published before June 15 2020, will be considered. Hence, this protocol will be presented based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statements for protocols. The related results and data analyses will be provided in the final review. This paper plans the protocol for a systematic review identifying TLR9 up-regulation and down-regulation in adults with AD. Conclusions: The meta-analysis of TLR9 may subsequently provide attractive therapeutic tools for AD.

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