scholarly journals Characterization and Classification of soils on different Geomorphic Units of North-Eastern Haryana, India

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mohammad Amin Bhat ◽  
K.S. Grewal ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Flood Plains ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Retention Characteristics ◽  
Geomorphic Units ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Twelve pedons occurring on different landforms of North-Eastern Haryana were characterized for morphological, physical and chemical characteristics and classified. The soil colour of pedons varied from yellowish brown to reddish/ dark brown in the hues of 10YR, 5YR and 2.5YR. The soils of Shiwalik hills, upper piedmont plains and flood plains, lower piedmont plains and old alluvial plains were medium to moderately heavy in texture, relatively lighter and light to moderately heavy in texture, respectively. The soils have weak to medium subangular blocky structure. The sub surface horizons in old alluvial plains showed the translocation and accumulation of clay. The soils of the area were moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline (pH 7.5-9.4). The organic carbon was less than 1 per cent except surface horizons of forest areas. The water retention characteristics of soils were strongly associated to texture with the finer soil showing higher retention and vice-versa. The particle density, bulk density and total porosity varied from 2.20 to 2.84, 1.16 to 1.45 Mg m−3 and 40.43 to 56.78 per cent, respectively and did not show regular pattern down the profile. The cation exchange capacity varied from 5.21 to 17.00 cmol (p+) kg−1.

scholarly journals Characterization and Taxonomy Classification of Soils of Hill Slope Land and Stream Terrace Land Located at North-Eastern Ghat Agro-Climatic Zone of Odisha, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Tupaki Lokya ◽  
Antaryami Mishra ◽  
Subhashis Saren
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Taxonomic Classification ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Eastern Ghat ◽  
Hill Slope ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Topographic Positions ◽  
The Hill

The present investigation was carried out to study the characterization, fertility status and taxonomic classification of some soils of North-Eastern Ghat Agro-Climatic zone of Odisha. Hill slope (pedon 1) and stream terrace land (pedon 2) two representative pedons of the Nayagarh district located in different topographic positions were studied for their physico-chemical characteristics and taxonomic classification. Results show that in pedon 1, percentage of sand, silt and clay range between 78.4 to 86.4, 3.2 to 3.4 and 10.4 to 17.4 respectively and in pedon 2, sand, silt and clay percentages range between 72 to 84, 3.2 to 7.2 and 10.8 to 18.8 respectively in different horizons. In pedons 1 and 2, pH increases along with depth from 4.80 to 5.82 and 5.80 to 7.60 respectively. Organic carbon content in pedons 1 and 2, ranges from 3.4 to 5.1 and 1.6 to 6.3 g kg-1 respectively. Cation exchange capacity decreases in pedon 1 from 13.25 to 8.66 c mol (p+) kg-1 and in pedon 2, range 7.66 to 16.65 c mol (p+) kg-1. The exchangeable sodium percentage in pedon 1 and 2, ranges from 4.53 to 9.23, and 2.56 to 6.53 per cent in different horizons respectively. The base saturation percentage in pedon 1, range from 58.11 to 98.15 per cent and in pedon 2, from 59.54 to 97.91 percent. The Hill slope (pedon 1) and stream terrace land (pedon 2) have little or no evidence of development of pedogenic horizons except ochric epipedon, therefore these soil are classified under the order Entisols. These soils have A-C profile with no distinct horizonation. Pedon 1, are classified under sub order Orthents, great group Ustorthents and sub group Typic Ustorthents. In case of pedon 2 the soils are put under the sub order Aquents, great group Fluvaquents and sub group Aeric Fluvaquents.

Preconsolidation pressure, soil water retention characteristics, and texture of Latosols in the Brazilian Cerrado

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo da Costa Severiano ◽  
Geraldo César de Oliveira ◽  
Moacir de Souza Dias Junior ◽  
Nilton Curi ◽  
Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Preconsolidation Pressure

In the Brazilian Cerrado Biome, Latosols (Oxisols) predominate on gently sloping areas and are highly suitable for the development of mechanised agriculture. However, inappropriate management may lead to reduced crop yields and environmental degradation. We examined the relationships between compression behaviour and texture of Latosols to support decisions on the sustainable use and management of agricultural land. We collected soil samples in 10 Latosols with variable textures under native vegetation and determined the oxide content, bulk and particle density, total porosity, water retention curves, and preconsolidation pressure at different water potentials to develop preconsolidation pressure models. Our results showed that soil texture influenced soil physical properties, that is, an increase in the clay content enhanced the total porosity and water retention and decreased bulk density. Consequently, the susceptibility of these soils to compaction increased with an increase in the clay content. Considering the characteristics of the machinery used in intensive Brazilian agriculture, the compaction risk of these soils was considered high, despite the differences in resistance of the soils. In clayey and very clayey soils, some additional compaction is almost inevitable, even when the water content is low. Thus, caution is required in the evaluation of structural changes after mechanised field operations.

Water retention of arctic zone soils (Spitsbergen)

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Melke ◽  
B. Witkowska-Walczak ◽  
P. Bartmiński
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Retention Characteristics

Abstract The water retention characteristics of the arctic zone soils ((TurbicCryosol (Skeletic), TurbicCryosols (Siltic, Skeletic) and BrunicTurbicCryosol (Arenic)) derived in different micro-relief forms were determined. Water retention curves were similar in their course for the mud boils, cell forms, and sorted circles ie for TurbicCryosols. For these forms, the mud boils showed the highest water retention ability, whereas the sorted circles - the lowest one. Water retention curves for the tundra polygons (Brunic TurbicCryosol, Arenic) were substantially different from these mentioned above. The tundra polygons were characterized by the lowest bulk density of 1.26 g cm-3, whereas the sorted circles (TurbicCryosol, Skeletic) - the highest: 1.88 g cm-3. Total porosity was the highest for the tundra polygons (52.4 and 55.5%) and the lowest - for the sorted circles (28.8 and 26.2%). Pore size distribution of the investigated soils showed that independently of depths, the highest content of large and medium pores was noticed for the tundra polygons ie 21.2-24.2 and 19.9-18.7%, respectively. The lowest content of large pores was observed for the cell forms (6.4-5.9%) whereas the mud boils exhibited the lowest amount of medium sized pores (12.2-10.4%) (both TurbicCryosols Siltic, Skeletic). The highest content of small pores was detected in the mud boils - 20.4 and 19.0%.

Assessment of Different Date Palm Based Mixes for Soilless Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-320
Author(s):  
Majid Basirat ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Davoudi
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Soilless Culture ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Water Holding

Date palm leaves are huge wastes in the growing regions which are mostly burnt annually. One of the solutions is converting leaves to substrate and using in soilless culture. In this study, 24 different mixes were produced by adding zeolite and vermicompost to the composted date palm substrate. The mixtures were incubated for 2 weeks in 35-40%(w/w) moisture. Their physicochemical properties were measured. To study the mixes, two multivariate methods were applied; Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the factors that affect mixture properties to a large extent and Cluster Analysis (CLA). The clustering was processed based on the factors recognized by the PCA. The CLA was done in several stages and in each stage the furthest mixture from cocopeat was deleted. Date palm substrate was processed by leaf waste composting. Using the CLA, on the basis of the PCA analysis, the most superior mixture was defined as date palm substrate (90%), vermicompost(5%) and zeolite (5%) respectively (P90 V5 Z5 ) with indexes in cation exchange capacity, particle density, total porosity, bulk density, water holding capacity and electrical conductivity in the same cluster as cocopeat.

PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus dunnii EM SUBSTRATOS RENOVÁVEIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagma Kratz ◽  
Ivar Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Eucalyptus Dunnii ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A necessidade premente de aumento no número de mudas plantadas anualmente e a variabilidade de matérias-primas tradicionais para composição de substratos têm levado à necessidade de desenvolvimento de estudos que visem à avaliação da viabilidade técnica e econômica desses materiais. Com base nisso, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de vermiculita média (VM) e dos componentes renováveis à base de fibra de coco (FC), casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) em diferentes granulometrias e dois substratos comerciais compostos por casca de pínus semidecomposta (SC) na composição de substratos para a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii, e avaliar a correlação das propriedades físicas e químicas dos substratos com a qualidade das mudas. Foram formulados 14 tratamentos, sendo a semeadura realizada em tubetes de 55 cm³. Com base nos resultados obtidos, o substrato que proporcionou maior crescimento das mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii foi o CAC combinado com VM, seguido dos SC, enquanto aqueles à base de CAC em diferentes granulometrias, combinadas ou não com FC, proporcionaram baixo crescimento. Quanto às propriedades dos substratos, verificou-se que densidade aparente, porosidade total, macroporosidade, pH e capacidade de troca catiônica apresentaram correlação com o crescimento das mudas.Palavras-chave: Eucalipto; casca de arroz carbonizada; fibra de coco; casca de pínus.AbstractSeedlings of Eucalyptus dunnii grown in renewable substrate. The pressing need to increase the number of seedlings planted annually and variability of raw materials for traditional composition of substrates have led to the need to develop studies aimed at evaluating these materials, technically and economically feasible. Based on this, the present study aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility of using fine vermiculite (VF) and component-based renewable coconut fiber (FC), rice hulls (CAC) in different grain sizes and two commercial substrates composed by pine bark semidecomposta (SC) in the composition of substrates for the production of seedlings of Eucalyptus dunnii, and assess the correlation between the physical and chemical properties of the substrates with the quality of the seedlings. 14 treatments were formulated, and the sowing in tubes of 55 cm³. Based on these results, the substrate that provided greater seedling growth of Eucalyptus dunnii CAC was combined with VF, followed by the SC, while those based CAC in different particle sizes, combined or not with CF, gave low growth. Regarding the properties of the substrates, it was identified that the bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, pH and cation exchange capacity correlated with seedling growth.Keywords: Eucalyptus; rice hulls; coconut fiber; pine bark. 

scholarly journals Characterization and classification of soils of Northern hills Zone of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
P.N. Tripathi ◽  
U.S. Mishra ◽  
Pawan Sirothia ◽  
R.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Three representative soil pedonsof northern hills of Chhattisgarh, M.P were morphologically studied, characterized and classified. The soils are very deep, colour ranges from brown (10YR5/3) to dark brown (10YR3/3) and very dark greyish brown (10YR3/2) in different horizons. Fe and calcretes are observed in sub surface horizons. The texture in surface soils varied from clay loam to clay while in pedon 2, the texture was observed sandy clay loam throughout the profile. The soils are calcareous and pH ranged from 7.0 to 7.5. The organic carbon content in these soils were (4.4 g kg-1), low to medium (6.1 g kg-1) in surface and decreased with depth. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) were found high in horizons where clay content was more. Based on morphological, physical and chemical properties P1 and P3 were classified as VerticHaplustalfs and pedon (P2) was placed under Typic Haplustepts.

CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND LAND-USE INVESTIGATIONS OF ORGANIC TERRAIN

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. WALMSLEY ◽  
L. M. LAVKULICH
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Water Retention Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Chemical and physical properties of selected organic soil samples were studied in relation to the chemical status of the associated ground water. Soil analyses included standard chemical analyses, fibre content, bulk density, particle density, hydraulic conductivity and water retention properties. In situ water chemical analysis included temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH. Laboratory measurements of dissolved Ca, Mg, N, K, Si, NO3, F and Cl are also reported. The results are interpreted with reference to the surface expression and overall terrain morphology of the sampling area resulting in the formation of different peat types and associated vegetation. Physical and chemical data indicate a relationship between degree of decomposition and magnitude of various parameters. The distinction between bog and fen areas in terms of the level of dissolved electrolytes permits the prediction of the nature of the material comprising the organic soil. The distinctive properties of organic soils are discussed in terms of some use constraints imposed by the nature of the material in the context of afforestation of this terrain type.

scholarly journals Study of Cattle Trampling and Its Effect on Soil Properties and Sorghum Productivity in Parts of Yobe State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
A. Ali ◽  
M. Usman ◽  
M. G. Nangere
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
North Eastern

This study was carried out at three different locations in Yobe State (North Eastern Nigeria), to determine the effect of cattle trampling on soil properties and sorghum productivity. The study locations were Potiskum, Nangere and Fika Local Government Areas of the state. Soil depth (25-30 cm height and diameter) were collected from each location and analyzed for particle size distribution, pH, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus and exchangeable cations as well as cation exchange capacity (CEC), bulk density (BD), total porosity (Pt) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat). Each sampling involved collection from cattle trampled and un-trampled areas with sorghum as the test crop. Effect of trampling on root mass, length and stover yields were also determined after sorghum cultivation in each of the location. Results indicated that there were significant effects of cattle trampling with respect to soil properties investigated. However, post planting results of the analysis revealed that trampled soils had significantly lower statistical values for all yield parameters of sorghum when compared with un-trampled soils in all the study locations. There is need to improve the structure of soils in all study locations through incorporation of organic matter and proper soil management for increased permeability, root penetration, aeration and water infiltration. Also, there is need for cattle routes demarcations to provide free movement of livestock across the locations without encroachment into farmlands.

scholarly journals Coconut fiber biochar alters physical and chemical properties in sandy soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51801
Author(s):  
Simone Francieli Guarnieri ◽  
Elisamara Caldeira do Nascimento ◽  
Robson Ferreira Costa Junior ◽  
Jorge Luiz Brito de Faria ◽  
Francisco de Almeida Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Npk Fertilization

This work aimed to characterize the biochar produced from residues of coconut fruit and to evaluate how it might beneficially alter the retention capacity of water and nutrients in soils with a sandy texture. The biochar was produced in a retort furnace and later analyzed to determine its chemical and physical characteristics. Experiments to analyze the retention potential of the biochar for water and nutrients were performed in PVC columns filled to a 400 mm depth, with the upper 300 mm receiving treatments that consisted of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% (p p-1) biochar mixed with soil. For the nutrient retention experiment, in addition to the biochar concentrations, the treatments received the same NPK fertilization. The experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with four replications. The water retention in the upper 300 mm, as well as the pH, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) of the substrate, base saturation, and concentrations of P and K, increased with increasing biochar concentration. Coconut biochar demonstrated potential for increasing water retention and improving nutrient retention in sandy soils.

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