scholarly journals Coconut fiber biochar alters physical and chemical properties in sandy soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51801
Author(s):  
Simone Francieli Guarnieri ◽  
Elisamara Caldeira do Nascimento ◽  
Robson Ferreira Costa Junior ◽  
Jorge Luiz Brito de Faria ◽  
Francisco de Almeida Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Npk Fertilization

This work aimed to characterize the biochar produced from residues of coconut fruit and to evaluate how it might beneficially alter the retention capacity of water and nutrients in soils with a sandy texture. The biochar was produced in a retort furnace and later analyzed to determine its chemical and physical characteristics. Experiments to analyze the retention potential of the biochar for water and nutrients were performed in PVC columns filled to a 400 mm depth, with the upper 300 mm receiving treatments that consisted of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% (p p-1) biochar mixed with soil. For the nutrient retention experiment, in addition to the biochar concentrations, the treatments received the same NPK fertilization. The experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with four replications. The water retention in the upper 300 mm, as well as the pH, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) of the substrate, base saturation, and concentrations of P and K, increased with increasing biochar concentration. Coconut biochar demonstrated potential for increasing water retention and improving nutrient retention in sandy soils.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF SORGUM MUFFIN (Sorghum bicolor) OF KD 4 VARIETY WITH SOAKING GRAIN AND SORGUM FLOUR CONCENTRATION TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ita Yustina ◽  
Ana Nurhasanah ◽  
SS. Antarlina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sorghum Grains ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

<p class="Abstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">By processing sorghum grains into flour, the use of sorghum grains to support food diversification can be made more varied. The research objective was to determine the physical and chemical properties of sorghum muffins and changes of physical properties of sorghum muffins during storage. The research uses a completely randomized design with two factor, grain soaking duration (hours) and ratio of concentration of whole sorghum flours with gluten flour (%) and consists of nine treatments combination. The result shows that treatment has a significant effect on the power expansion, degree of brightness, fat, and preference for organoleptic properties. The best treatment was 24-hours of soaking, 25% whole sorghum flour, 75% gluten flour that produces expanded power at 138,83%, degree of brightness (L) at 67.03, redness (a) at +4.33, yellowness (b) at +27.37, water content of 12.59%, protein content of 6.95%, fat content of 2.46%, score of color at 3.20, texture score at 3.13, aroma score at 3.16, taste score at 3.24, and for overall acceptance at 3.53 (like). Changes of physical properties of sorghum muffins during storage for 3 days can be explained with the linear equation. For all parameter (weight loss, volume loss, brightness loss), the value of constant a in the equation of sorghum muffin was lower than control muffin that indicated quality loss of sorghum muffins is higher than control muffin. Increasing the concentration of sorghum flour resulted a decrease in the quality of the muffins. The soaking treatment of the seeds in making sorghum flour can maintain the quality of the muffin.</span></p>

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Characteristic of Halal Gelatin Extracted from Buffalo Hide with Addition of Pineapple Rind at Different Ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Aprizal Aprizal ◽  
Irdha Mirdhayati ◽  
Yendraliza Yendraliza
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Extraction Agent ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The production of halal gelatin from buffalo hide waste which is animal be slaughtered according to Islamic law and using pineapple rind as an extraction agent was an alternative to produce halal gelatin. The availability of buffalo hide in Riau Province was stable and its hide had high protein content. This research was conducted to produced and determine the characteristics of halal gelatin from buffalo hide using solution of pineapple skin in terms of their physical and chemical properties. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was experimental design used with consist of 3 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was ratio hide :  pineapple rind solution, namely 3:1, 3:2 , 3:3 w/v. The parameters observed were yield, viscosity, color, pH, ash content and moisture content. The results showed that immersion of buffalo hide in the solution of pineapple rind at different ratio gave highly significant increased the viscosity and ash content of gelatin but not significant effect to yield percentage , color, pH and moisture of gelatin. The yield percentage ranging from 5.99-7.33%, pH 4.83-4.85, viscosity was 1.95-2.20 cP, color 0.54-0.71 absorbance unit, ash 0.25-, 032% and moisture 9.97-9.99%. It can be concluded that the best treatment was ratio 3:2 and 3 : 3 according to had viscosity, pH, color, ash and moisture in line with the standard of gelatin by Gelatin Manufacture Institute of America (GMIA).

scholarly journals STRONTIUM CONTENT IN SANDY SOILS IN AGRICULTURE FIELDS (CASE STUDY: MOUNDOU, CHAD)

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamssou KOI ◽  
Victor NAGORNY ◽  
Otilija MISECKAITE ◽  
Yuri MAZHAYSKY
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Very High ◽  
And Chemical Properties

During evaluation of physical and chemical properties of sandy soils and theirfertility in Southern part of Republic of Chad it has been revealed that some soilshave very high content of strontium. Its content varies from 10 to 270 mg/kg ofsoil depending on type of soil, depth of soil layers, clay and organic content.Strontium content negatively correlates with total content of calcium andphosphorus in layers of soil. Low CEC (CEC - Cation-exchange capacity) of soilmay be a reason of possible translocation of strontium from higher to lower layersof soils. Strontium content in soils do not relates with level of radioactivity of soilmeasured. The highest content of strontium has been found in soils developed onsome eolian and colluvio-alluvium deposits. Some researchers hypothesize thatsome endemic and chronic diseases such as Kashin-Beck disease, `Dysostosisenchondralis endemic`, endemic hoiter, osteoarthritis might be caused by highcontent of strontium in water and plant foods contaminated with it. Absence ofconsensus on etiological factors of these diseases confirms that it is worthconsidering necessity of further studies of different affects of high content ofstrontium in water and foods on human health directly or indirectly throughcausing misbalance in mineral nutrition.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Waktu Inkubasi Kapur dan Abu Sekam Terhadap Perubahan Beberapa Sifat Kimia Ultisol

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-546
Author(s):  
Wirza Emaliana ◽  
Munawar Khalil ◽  
Ilyas Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Exact Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh waktu inkubasi kapur dan abu sekam terhadap perubahan beberapa sifat kimia Ultisol dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial yang dilakukan pada tanah yang sama, dengan 2 bahan yang berbeda yaitu kapur dan abu sekam. Dosis diberikan sebanyak 4 taraf dan diulang 4 kali sehingga terdapat 8 perlakuan dan 32 satuan percobaan dengan waktu inkubasi selama 2, 4 dan 6 minggu. Untuk melihat perbedaan hasil perlakuan digunakan uji F dan dilanjutkan dengan uji (BNT0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama inkubasi kapur dan abu sekam maka kemasaman tanah (pH), Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK), P-tersedia semakin meningkat dan Al-dd semakin menurun. Inkubasi 6 minggu merupakan waktu yang tepat untuk menaikkan pH, KTK dan meningkatkan P-tersedia, kecuali pada pH pemberian abu sekam waktu yang tepat adalah inkubasi 4 minggu. Sedangkan Al-dd pada inkubasi 2 minggu kapur dan abu sekam sudah hilang dan tak terukur. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa, kapur dolomit dan abu sekam pada Ultisol memberikan perbedaan yang sangat nyata pada pH, P-tersedia, KTK dan Al-dd. The Effect of Incubation Time of Calcium and Husk Ash on Changes in Some Chemical Properties of UltisolAbstract. This study aims to examine the effect of incubation time of calcium and husk ash on changes in some chemical properties of Ultisol by using a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (RAL) performed on the same soil, with 2 different materials which were calcium and husk ash. The dose was given 4 levels and repeated 4 times so that there were 8 treatments and 32 experimental units with incubation time for 2, 4 and 6 weeks. To see the differences of treatment result, F test continued with test (BNT0,05) were used. The results showed that the longer incubation of calsium and husk ash acidity (pH), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and P-available increased and Al-dd decreased. The 6 weeks incubation was the exact time to increase pH, CEC and increase P-available, except the exact time for pH of husk ash, i.e which was 4 weeks incubation. While Al-dd on 2 weeks incubation, calcium and husk ash had been disappeared and immeasurable. It can be concluded that dolomite calcium and husk ash on Ultisol showed a very significant difference in pH, P-available, CEC and Al-dd. 

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SIFAT KIMIA ULTISOL

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Oktanis Emalinda ◽  
Adnawita Adnawita ◽  
Eti Farda Husin
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Snail Shell ◽  
Soil Nutrition ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

To look for the effect of gold snail (Pomacea canaliculata) addition on soil nutrition level, a series of pot experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture and P3IN laboratories from March to June 2008. This study used completely randomized design with 2 kinds of treatments. First iwas gold snail composition (A1 = snail shell, A2 = snail body, and A3 = whole snail) and incubation period (B1 = 2 weeks, B2 = 3 weeks, and B3 = 4 weeks). The results showed that these treatments affect some of soil chemical properties. Soil pH changed from acid to slightly acid, total nitrogen rose from low to medium, exchangeable base cations also increased. On the other hand, exchangeable aluminum (Al) decreased. Interaction between the treatments successfully increased organic carbon, available phosphorous, and cation exchange capacity. The best treatment combination was between body composition of gold snail and a four-week incubation period.Key Words: gold snail, Ultisols, soil chemical characteristics

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis quineensis Jacq) PADA MEDIUM ULTISOL YANG DIAPLIKASI KOMPOS Mucuna bracteata

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Taufik Ristumoyo Rambe ◽  
Adiwirman ◽  
Wawan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Acidity Level ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The first problem faced in cultivating oil palm is the procurement of seeds. Ultisol soil when used for breeding media has several problems such as having a wet saturation of less than 35% at a depth of 125 cm below the upper limit of the argillic horizon.  Ultisol has an acidity level of less than 5.5, low to moderate organic matter and low nutrition. The addition of organic material such as the LCC Mucuna bracteata compost is highly recommended because it will improve the physical, biological, and chemical properties of the soil, so that it increases the availability of nutrients in the soil to be optimal. This study aims to determine the effect of LCC mucuna bracteata compost on ultisol soil medium and determine the dosage/dose of LCC Mucuna Bracteata compost which provides the best growth of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). This research was carried out experimentally with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The results of this study indicate that distributing doses of 400 g/8 kg of soil improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the vegetative growth of oil palm seeds.

scholarly journals Sifat Mekanika Kayu Tumeh (Combretocarpus rotundatus Dans) pada Arah Radial

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Wahyu Supriyati ◽  
Alpian Alpian
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Communities in Kalimantan areas need wood for building materials. They use Tumeh wood (Combretocarpus rotundatus Dans) because of its found abundantly in forest area in Central Kalimantan. Tumeh is a kind of pioneer. Wood parts affect the quality of wood. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of the radial position on the mechanical properties of wood tumeh. The properties of the wood analyzed is hardness, Modukus of Rupture (MOR) and Mdukus of Elasticity (MOE) (British Standard No.373,1957). Data analysis using Completely Randomized Design (CRD. The results show that the location in the radial direction has no significant effect on hardness, MOR and MOE values.The highest value of hardness and MOR was near the bark and then decreased in the middle and near the heart, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest MOE value is near the heart, then decreases in the middle and near the bark, respectively This research can be continued on the physical and chemical properties of the wood for a more comprehensive understanding. Research in different directions and at different diameters can also be carried out as a comparison.

scholarly journals Influence of physical and chemical properties of soybean grains on drying process

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e745986504
Author(s):  
Thiago Aurélio Arruda-Silva ◽  
Nahyara Batista Caires Galle ◽  
Carlos Caneppele ◽  
Niédja Marizze Cezar Alves
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grain Drying ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Grain Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Grain drying can be influenced by many factors and energetic knowledge of this process is essential. The objective was to evaluate the influence of soybean grain properties on drying kinetics and thermodynamic properties. Four soybean cultivars were studied through sphericity, circularity, volume, oil content, total protein and initial moisture in a completely randomized design. Drying was performed at temperatures of 40 and 60 °C, adjusting six mathematical models. By the statistical criteria different models were selected to the cultivars, which were used in the thermodynamic properties’ calculations. The cultivar C with lower volume presented higher drying rate and higher constant k, which presented lower activation energy 23.81 kJ mol-1. The thermodynamic properties of Gibbs enthalpy, entropy and free energy were mainly influenced by volume, being lower for cultivar C.

scholarly journals Effect of Binder Types and Its Concentrations on Sausage Formulations from Asian Green Mussel and Tempeh Flour

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Anugerah Dany Priyanto ◽  
Sri Djajati
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical Quality ◽  
Fresh Products ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Water Holding

Asian green mussels are fishery products found in both traditional and modern markets, but the characteristics of fresh products are rapidly decreasing in physical and chemical quality. Processed product is one option to extend the shelf life and one of product is made into sausage due to its heating process can kill microorganisms. The purpose of this study is to improve consistency of texture that will affect organoleptic characteristics by adding variations of hydrocolloid types with different concentrations. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used as the design of experiment with hydrocolloid type variables, such as alginate, carrageenan, and CMC with 3 variations of concentrations specifically 1%, 2%, and 3%. The results of this study had a significant influence on the physical and chemical properties of sausages (P <0.05). Sausage from Asian green mussels and tempeh flour with the addition of 2% CMC was chosen as the best formulation because it has the highest level of preference from sensory evaluation. Some physical properties of these sausages include texture 120.11 ± 16.5 mm/g.s, water holding capacity (WHC) 52.43 ± 0.04%, and emulsion stability 73.23 ± 0.37%. In addition, the chemical characteristics of this sausage are water content of 52.50 ± 0.09%, ash content of 2.49 ± 0.26%, protein content of 19.94 ± 0.35%, and fat content of 12.72 ± 0.56%. Hopefully, the development of this product can be one of the strategies in utilizing Asian green mussels in extending their shelf life. 

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERSENTASE PEREKAT TAPIOKA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET ARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Norhikmah ◽  
Noor Mirad Sari ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Mahdie
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Astm Standard ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Tapioka flour as an adhesive for coconut shell charcoal briquettes can affect the characteristics of charcoal briquettes consisting of physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of coconut shell charcoal briquettes in several adhesive percentages. The method used was a completely randomized design pattern and in this study there was only one factor (factor = coconut shell charcoal and tapioca adhesive/starch), as many as 5 treatments with 3 replicatins = 15 samples to be tested. Charakteristics of coconut shell charcoal briquettes that meet ASTM standard : water content that entered ASTM standard (Max 6%) in treatment A2 (95% coconut shell charcoal + 5% tapioca adhesive), the best density is found in treatment A3 (90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive)and enter ASTM standard(1.0-1.2 g / cm3), ash content that falls within the ASTM standard (Max 18%) in treatment A3(90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive), flying substancs that comply with ASTM standard (19-28%) in treatment A3 (90% charcoal coconut shell + 10% tapioca adhesive), bonded carbon content which is included in the ASTM standard (at least 58%) in treatment A2 (95% coconut shell charcoal + 5% tapioca adhesive),and the best heating value is found in the treatment A3 ( 90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive) which falls within the ASTM standard (4000-6500 cal / g). The results of this study indicate that the percentage of tapioca adhesive can affect the characteristics of coconut shell charcoal briquetess.Keywords: Percentage of tapioca adhesive; Charcoal briquettes; Coconut shell

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