scholarly journals Brain concussion in young athletes: major pain points

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SO Klyuchnikov ◽  
VS Feshchenko ◽  
AV Zholinsky ◽  
MS Tarasova ◽  
AV Slivin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Brain Concussion ◽  
International Data ◽  
Pain Points

Numerous studies conducted in recent decades have generated vast amounts of knowledge on sport-related concussions. This review analyzes international data on pediatric and adolescent sport-related concussions. Drawing on the most recent research into the pathophysiology of brain concussions, the authors identify and discuss “pain points” associated with SRC, i.e. unsolved problems of diagnostic criteria, the use of modern neuroimaging modalities and promising biomarkers. Special attention is paid to the physiology of children and adolescents and predisposing factors important for developing adequate diagnostic and management strategies. The authors formulate problems that need to be solved in order to improve care for young athletes with brain concussions.

scholarly journals Care for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a Random Sample of Community Family Practices in Ontario, Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Agarwal ◽  
Janusz Kaczorowski ◽  
Steve Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chart Audit ◽  
Pressure Reading ◽  
International Data ◽  
One Year ◽  
Control And Management

Objective. Diabetes care is an important part of family practice. Previous work indicates that diabetes management is variable. This study aimed to examine diabetes care according to best practices in one part of Ontario. Design and Participants. A retrospective chart audit of 96 charts from 18 physicians was conducted to examine charts regarding diabetes care during a one-year period. Setting. Grimsby, Ontario. Main Outcome Measures. Glycemic screening, control and management strategies, documentation and counselling for lifestyle habits, prevalence of comorbidities, screening for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and use of appropriate recommended preventive medications in the charts were examined. Results. Mean A1c was within target (less than or equal to 7.00) in 76% of patients (ICC = −0.02), at least 4 readings per annum were taken in 75% of patients (ICC = 0.006). Nearly 2/3 of patients had been counselled about diet, more than 1/2 on exercise, and nearly all (90%) were on medication. Nearly all patients had a documented blood pressure reading and lipid profile. Over half (60%) had a record of their weight and/or BMI. Conclusion. Although room for improvement exists, diabetes targets were mainly reached according to recognized best practices, in keeping with international data on attainment of diabetes targets.

scholarly journals AB1334-HPR BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JIA): A SCOPING REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1955.2-1955
Author(s):  
K. O Donoghue ◽  
L. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Barriers

Background:Physical activity is an important aspect in the management of JIA (1). However physical activity levels are low in this population (2). Limited research has been conducted to identify definitive barriers and facilitators to physical activity in children and adolescents who have JIA.Objectives:The objective of this scoping review was to identify the common barriers and facilitators to physical activity in JIA.Methods:Original studies, either quantitative or qualitative, including participants with a diagnosis of JIA, who were under 18 years of age were included. Two independent reviewers carried out a search of the literature and full text reviews of papers to determine eligibility for inclusion. The Critical Skills Appraisal Programme (CASP), Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and Downs and Black critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality of the included research articles.Results:Eighteen studies were included in the review. The included studies were of a variety of low, moderate and high quality. The synthesis of the data identified pain to be the most common barrier and the modification of physical activities to the need of the individual to be the most common facilitator to physical activity in JIA.Conclusion:Identifying the most common barriers and facilitators to physical activity allows clinicians to apply better management strategies when treating an individual with JIA. Our findings demonstrate the need for further research in this area to assist increasing physical activity participation for children and adolescents who have JIA.References:[1]Kuntze, G., Nesbitt, C., Whittaker, J.L., Nettel-Aguirre, A., Toomey, C., Esau, S., Doyle-Baker, P.K., Shank, J., Brooks, J., Benseler, S., Emery, C.A. (2018) ‘Exercise Therapy in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’,Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 99(1), 178-193[2]Bos, G.J.F.J., Lelieveld, O.T.H.M., Armbrust, W., Sauer, P.J.J., Geertzen, J.H.B., Dijkstra, P.U. (2016) ‘Physical activity in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis compared to controls’, Pediatric Rheumatology, 14(1), 42.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Theoretical and contextual considerations for self-management strategies of children and adolescents with chronic diseases: An integrative review

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110136
Author(s):  
Logan J Camp-Spivey ◽  
Ayaba Logan ◽  
Michelle Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Intervention Delivery ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Technological Platforms ◽  
Management Behaviors

The primary aim of this integrative review was to critically evaluate and synthesize published, peer-reviewed research to better understand self-management strategies of children and adolescents with chronic diseases. This review was guided by Whittemore and Knafl’s methodological framework. The Pediatric Self-management Model provided the theoretical framework for understanding how self-management behaviors operate within the domains of individual, family, community, and healthcare systems. In June 2019, the electronic databases of EBSCOhost, PubMed, and Scopus, along with reference lists of applicable studies, were searched for appropriate publications. The initial searches yielded 920 citations. Of these, 11 studies met inclusion criteria. A key finding was that involving children and adolescents in the design and delivery phases of interventions was most effective in improving self-management when the interventions did not outweigh cognitive ability or maturity level. In addition, incorporating self-efficacy promotion into self-management interventions may lead to greater sense of responsibility and improved health outcomes. In terms of intervention delivery of self-management strategies, the use of technological platforms and devices was revealed as a promising avenue for youth. A final implication was the importance of family members, peers, and healthcare providers in supporting children and adolescents in adopting self-management behaviors.

Abstract P088: Obesity, Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in a Primary Pediatric Setting in Southern Italy

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo De Filippo ◽  
Domenico Rendina ◽  
Domenico Viggiano ◽  
Antonio Fasolino ◽  
Paola Sabatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Campania Region

Background: Obesity is the main risk factor for essential hypertension (EH) in childhood. The O.Si.Me. study (Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in children and adolescents) evaluated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its constitutive traits in a sample of obese children and adolescents living in Campania, southern Italy. Patients and methods: Four hundred and fifteen children and adolescents consecutively referred to the National Health Service participating Outpatient Clinics for minor health problems and found to have a Body Mass Index (BMI) Z-score > 2.0 were enrolled in the study. The entire sample was screened for MetS, which was defined as the presence of at least 2 of the following alterations in addition to obesity: fasting hyperglycemia, low levels of high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and EH. The present analysis evaluated the clinical characteristics of the O.Si.Me subgroup of EH participants (systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 95 th percentile for age, gender and height) as compared with normotensive participants. Results: The prevalence of EH in the O.Si.Me population was 23.6 % (98/415, 48M and 50F.) and two-thirds of the EH participants met the MetS diagnostic criteria. The EH participants featured serum insulin and HOMA-IR levels significantly higher compared with normotensive ones (11.6±0.6 vs. 9.5±0.4 μIU/ml, p = 0.014; 2.6±0.1 vs. 2.2±0.1, p = 0.028 for insulin and HOMA-IR, respectively). These differences were common to boys and girls and remained significant after correction for age, pubertal stage, body weight, length, BMI, gestational age at birth, duration of breastfeeding and anthropometric parental parameters. Accordingly, children and adolescents with EH had a a relative risk of being insulin resistant (defined as a HOMA-IR ≥2.5) significantly greater compared to those without. Moreover, they exhibited higher serum creatinine levels (53.8±7.1 vs. 35.4±6.8 μmol/l, p=0.025) accounting for gender and body weight. Conclusions: More than a quarter of obese children and adolescents meet the diagnostic criteria for EH in the Campania region in southern Italy. These obese boys and girls have an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and apparently an initial reduction in renal function compared with obese children and adolescents with normal BP.

scholarly journals METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. DEFINITION. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

2016 ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
S. I. Malyavskaya ◽  
T. M. Tvorogova ◽  
S. V. Vasilieva ◽  
Y. A. Dmitrieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria

Protective Eyewear for Young Athletes

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Eye Protection ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Protective Eyewear ◽  
Hospital Emergency Departments

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Ophthalmology recommend mandatory protective eyewear for all functionally one-eyed individuals and for athletes who have had eye surgery or trauma and whose ophthalmologists recommend eye protection. Protective eyewear is also strongly recommended for all other athletes. BACKGROUND More than 41 000 sports-related and recreational eye injuries were treated in hospital emergency departments in 1993.1 Seventy-one percent of the injuries occurred in individuals younger than 25 years; 41% occurred in individuals younger than 15 years; and 6% occurred in children younger than 5 years. Children and adolescents are particularly susceptible to injuries because of their fearless manner of play and their athletic immaturity.2-4 Ten sports or sports groupings are highlighted in this statement based on their popularity and the high incidence of eye injuries (see Table 1).1 Baseball and basketball are associated with the most eye injuries in athletes 5 to 24 years old.5 Participation rates and information on the severity of the injuries are unavailable, however; therefore, the relative risk of significant injuries cannot be determined for various sports. The high frequency of sports-related eye injuries in young athletes indicates the need for an awareness among athletes and their parents of the risks of participation and of the availability of a variety of approved sports eye protectors. When properly fitted, appropriate eye protectors have been found to reduce the risk of significant eye injury by at least 90%.4,6,7 EVALUATION It would be ideal if all children and adolescents wore appropriate eye protection for all sports and recreational activities.

scholarly journals ICTs Supportive and Therapeutic Contribution in Psychoemotional Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Lizeta N. Bakola ◽  
Nikolaos D. Rizos ◽  
Athanasios S. Drigas
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Made In ◽  
Normative Variation

<p>This paper aims at reviewing the supportive and therapeutic contribution of ICTs on the most common psychoemotional disorders of childhood and adolescence. The various approaches to classifying behavioral and emotional dysregulations in children and adolescents have been reviewed and the boundaries between normative variation and clinically significant presentations have been determined. Furthermore, we present the major categories of mental illnesses in children and adolescents investigating the etiology, the diagnostic criteria, the epidemiology and treatments by critically reviewing the outcomes of relevant studies. The findings indicate that significant steps have been made in this field, but it is vital to underline the need for more extended investigation in school aged children and adolescents for this purpose.</p>

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CRITERIA IN THE PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN STUDENTS FROM PARANAVAÍ, PARANÁ

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Ricardo Guilherme ◽  
Matheus Amarante do Nascimento ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Molena-Fernandes ◽  
Vânia Renata Guilherme ◽  
Stevan Ricardo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the difference in the proportion of students with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed according to different criteria. Methods: The sample consisted of 241 students (136 boys and 105 girls) aged 10 to 14 years, from public and private schools in Paranavaí, Paraná. We used three distinct diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, considering the presence of at least three of the following risk factors: increased waist circumference, hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, and elevated triglycerides. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome found was 1.7% (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 0-3.3) for the IDF criterion; 3.3% (95%CI 1.0-5.6) for Cook; and 17.4% (95%CI 12.6-22.3) for Ferranti. Analyzing the criteria in pairs, the agreement between IDF and Cook was 97.5% (k=0.95); between IDF and Ferranti, 83.4% (k=0.67); and between Cook and Ferranti, 85.9% (k=0.72). Onlyone student (0.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome solely by the IDF criterion, while 34 (14.1%) were diagnosed exclusively by Ferranti. The comparison of the three criteria showed that Ferranti presented the highest proportion of metabolic syndrome (p<0.001), and Cook had a greater proportion than IDF (p<0.001). Conclusions: We found a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic syndrome in the three criteria. The choice of which criterion to use can compromise not only the percentage of metabolic syndrome prevalence but also interfere in strategies of intervention and prevention in children and adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively.

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