COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CRITERIA IN THE PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN STUDENTS FROM PARANAVAÍ, PARANÁ

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the difference in the proportion of students with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed according to different criteria. Methods: The sample consisted of 241 students (136 boys and 105 girls) aged 10 to 14 years, from public and private schools in Paranavaí, Paraná. We used three distinct diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, considering the presence of at least three of the following risk factors: increased waist circumference, hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, and elevated triglycerides. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome found was 1.7% (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 0-3.3) for the IDF criterion; 3.3% (95%CI 1.0-5.6) for Cook; and 17.4% (95%CI 12.6-22.3) for Ferranti. Analyzing the criteria in pairs, the agreement between IDF and Cook was 97.5% (k=0.95); between IDF and Ferranti, 83.4% (k=0.67); and between Cook and Ferranti, 85.9% (k=0.72). Onlyone student (0.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome solely by the IDF criterion, while 34 (14.1%) were diagnosed exclusively by Ferranti. The comparison of the three criteria showed that Ferranti presented the highest proportion of metabolic syndrome (p<0.001), and Cook had a greater proportion than IDF (p<0.001). Conclusions: We found a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic syndrome in the three criteria. The choice of which criterion to use can compromise not only the percentage of metabolic syndrome prevalence but also interfere in strategies of intervention and prevention in children and adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively.

Download Full-text

The Relationship between Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Bone Mineral Density in Menopausal Korean Women

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v48i6.2899 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Seok-Hee KIM ◽

Jooyoung KIM

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Korean Women ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Relationship

Background: The risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in menopausal women are potential causes of osteoporosis. However, there is no consensus on this. We aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors of MetS and bone mineral density (BMD) in menopausal Korean women. Methods: We enrolled 205 menopausal Korean women who visited a health promotion center in Seoul in 2015 and divided them into the following two groups according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria with modified waist-circumference criteria: the non-MetS group (Group 1, n=90) and the MetS group (Group 2, n=115). Anthropometric parameters and clinical parameters, including blood pressure, blood lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides), and fasting blood sugar levels were recorded for all participants. BMD at the lumbar spine was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The relationship between the risk factors of MetS and bone mineral density was analyzed by statistical methods. Results: There was no significant difference in risk factors of MetS between the groups. In correlation tests, waist circumference showed a significant association with body surface area (BSA) (r = -0.242, P < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure was correlated with BSA (r = 0.186, P < 0.01) and bone mineral content (BMC) (r = 0.161, P < 0.05). However, multiple regression analysis showed no significant relationship between MetS risk factors and BMD. Conclusion: The risk factors of MetS did not affect BMD in menopausal Korean women. Follow-up studies with a larger study population are necessary size to allow the investigation of other research variables.

Download Full-text

P644Relative fat mass (RFM) is a better predictor of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome than body mass index (BMI)

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

O Kobo ◽

R Leiba ◽

O Avizohar ◽

A Karban

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Roc Curves ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

High Predictability ◽

The Ideal

Abstract Background The best adiposity measure to help predict cardiovascular risk factors has remained controversial. Relative fat mass (RFM), had been recently developed. We aimed to examine RFM predictability to various cardiometabolic risk factors, compared to BMI. Methods Observational, cohort study, among patients who visited the Periodic Examinations Institute [PEI]. We analysed the correlation between BMI and RFM to hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, high LDL, low HDL and metabolic syndrome, by gender. Using ROC curves, we identified the ideal value of RFM for identification of metabolic syndrome. Results During study years, 20,167 patients visited the PEI and included in the trial. Compared to BMI, RFM showed significantly better predictability (HR, [95% CI, p value]) of high LDL [1.618 (1.441–1.816, p<0.001) vs 0.732 (0.67–0.8, p<0.001) in men; 1.572 (1.377–1.794, p<0.001) vs. 0.938 (0.849–1.163, p=0.94) in women], low HDL [2.944 (2.569–3.373, p<0.001) vs. 2.177 (2–2.369, p<0.001) in men, 2.947 (2.519–3.448, p<0.001) vs 1.9 (1.658–2.176, p<0.001) in women], high triglycerides [4.019 (3.332–4.847, p<0.001) vs 1.994 (1.823–2.181, p<0.001) in men, 3.93 (2.943–5.247, p<0.001) vs. 2.24 (1.887–2.62, p<0.001) in women] and metabolic syndrome [7.479, (4.876–11.47, p<0.001) vs 3.263 (2.944–3.616, p<0.001) in men, 16.247 (8.348–31.619, p<0.001) vs 5.995 (5.099–7.048, p<0.001) in women]. There was no significant difference in the predictability of BMI and RFM to hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The ideal values of RFM for identification of metabolic syndrome were 27.7 for men and 39.8 for women. Conclusions RFM provides high predictability for dyslipidemias and metabolic syndrome in men and women.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors in Canadian children and adolescents: Canadian Health Measures Survey Cycle 1 (2007–2009) and Cycle 2 (2009–2011)

Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada ◽

10.24095/hpcdp.36.2.03 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 32-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

M. MacPherson ◽

M. de Groh ◽

L. Loukine ◽

D. Prud'homme ◽

L. Dubois

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Health Measures ◽

Canadian Health ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Canadian Health Measures Survey

Introduction We investigated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors, and the influence of socioeconomic status, in Canadian children and adolescents. Methods Canadian Health Measures Survey cycle 1 (2007–2009) and cycle 2 (2009–2011) respondents aged 10 to 18 years who provided fasting blood samples were included (n = 1228). The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) consensus definition for children and adolescents (10–15 years) and worldwide adult definition (≥ 16 years) were used to diagnose MetS. Prevalence of MetS and its risk factors were calculated and differences by socioeconomic status were examined using χ2 tests. Results The prevalence of MetS was 2.1%. One-third 37.7%) of participants had at least one risk factor, with the most prevalent being abdominal obesity (21.6%), low HDL-C (19.1%) and elevated triglyceride levels (7.9%). This combination of abdominal obesity, low HDL-C and elevated triglyceride levels accounted for 61.5% of MetS cases. Participants from households with the highest income adequacy and educational attainment levels had the lowest prevalence of one or more MetS risk factors, abdominal obesity and low HDL-C. Conclusion The prevalence of MetS (2.1%) was lower than previously reported in Canada (3.5%) and the USA (4.2%¬–9.2%), potentially due to the strict application of the IDF criteria for studying MetS. One-third of Canadian children and adolescents have at least one risk factor for MetS. Given that the risk for MetS increases with age, these prevalence estimates, coupled with a national obesity prevalence of almost 10% among youth, point to a growing risk of MetS and other chronic diseases for Canadian youth.

Download Full-text

Metabolic Constellations, Clusters, and Renal Function: Findings from the 2013–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Life ◽

10.3390/life11090904 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 904

Author(s):

Kathleen E. Adair ◽

Kelly R. Ylitalo ◽

Jeffrey S. Forsse ◽

LesLee K. Funderburk ◽

Rodney G. Bowden

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Function ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

National Health ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Low Hdl ◽

The Relationship

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with decreased renal function and chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, no research regarding the sixteen possible constellations resulting in the diagnosis of MetS has been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to report renal function in sixteen metabolic constellations grouped into four metabolic clusters. Individuals (n = 2767; representing 86,652,073 individuals) from the 2013–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys who met the criteria for MetS were included. Sixteen possible constellations of three or more risk factors were analyzed for renal function. Four metabolic clusters representing MetS with hyperglycemia (Cluster I), MetS with hypertension (Cluster II), MetS with hyperglycemia and hypertension (Cluster III), or MetS with normoglycemia and normotension (Cluster IV) were assessed for renal function and CKD status. Cluster III had the highest odds of CKD (OR = 2.57, 95% CL = 1.79, 3.68). Clusters II and III had the lowest renal function and were not different from one another (87.82 and 87.28 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.71). The constellation with the lowest renal function consisted of hypertension, high triglycerides, and a large waist circumference (82.86 mL/min/1.73 m2), whereas the constellation with the highest renal function consisted of hyperglycemia, low HDL, and a large waist circumference (107.46 mL/min/1.73 m2). The sixteen constellations of MetS do not have the same effects on renal function. More research is needed to understand the relationship between the various iterations of MetS and renal function.

Download Full-text

The Metabolic Syndrome: Comparison of Newly Proposed IDF, Modified ATP III and WHO Criteria and their Agreements

Cardiovascular Journal ◽

10.3329/cardio.v6i1.16110 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 17-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

AKM Mainuddin ◽

KN Choudhury ◽

KR Ahmed ◽

S Akter ◽

N Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

T Test ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Who Criteria ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) results from clustering of cardiovascular risk factors occurring in association with insulin resistance and obesity. With the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, MS is of keen interest in research. The disorder is defined in various ways, but one consolidated definition is needed to make studies comparable worldwide. The study was to determine the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Bangladesh and comparison of newly proposed definition of International Diabetes Federation (IDF), modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and their agreements. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital based study. We randomly selected 229 participants. After obtaining informed written consent data collectors collected data by interview, clinical examination, anthropometric measurement and investigations. We calculated independent sample t-test means between to distinguish which risk factors were present in participants with and without MS, using SPSS v17. Results: The percentage of risk factors of MS among subjects according to different criteria was 72% of Modified ATP-III, 69% of IDF and 39% of WHO definition .In Modified NCEP ATP III when did independent sample t-test mean of BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride were present statistically significant difference between without MS and with MS (p<0.05). According to WHO criteria BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose were statistically significant (p<0.05) and similarly fasting blood glucose & triglyceride were statistically significant difference between without MS and with MS (p<0.05) according to IDF criteria.ATP III and WHO criteria showed good agreement (k 0.56) compared to ATP III with IDF (k 0.31) and WHO with IDF (k 0.11) criteria. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in Bangladesh. We detected the highest proportion of participants with MS using the ATP III definition, which emphasizes the predominant focus on the modified waist circumference for Asian participants. However, MS prevalence following WHO criteria in those with impaired glucose regulation is comparable with ATP III definition. Follow up study needed to examine the significance of MS following all definitions for the assessment of risk for diabetes and or cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Journal Volume 6, No. 1, 2013, Page 17-22 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v6i1.16110

Download Full-text

Metabolic Syndrome according to Three Definitions in Hammam-Sousse Sahloul Heart Study: A City Based Tunisian Study

Advances in Epidemiology ◽

10.1155/2014/891297 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Imen Boumaiza ◽

Asma Omezzine ◽

Meriem Romdhane ◽

Jihène Rejeb ◽

Lamia Rebhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Age Group ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Heart Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Low Hdl

Objectives. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor of CVD. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of the MetS, its components, and its different profiles according to NCEP-ATP III 2001, IDF 2005, and JIS 2009 definitions in Hammam-Sousse Sahloul Heart Study (HSHS). Study Design. The study involved 1121 participants (364 men and 757 women; sex-ratio = 0.48; mean age = 47.49 ± 16.24 years) living in Hammam Sousse city, located in the east of Tunisia. Methods. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, lipids levels, glycemia, insulinemia, and body mass index were measured. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS16.0. Results. The percentage of participants who had MetS defined according to NCEP ATP III, IDF 2005, and JIS 2009 definitions was respectively, 29.5%, 38.4%, and 39.6%. With regard to gender, the prevalence of MetS is higher in men than in women according to IDF 2005 definition (38.5% men versus 38.3% women, P=0.961) and according to JIS 2009 definition (41.8% men versus 38.6% women, P=0.307), whereas, according to NCEP ATP III definition, the prevalence of MetS is higher in women than in men (30% versus 28.6%, P=0.627). The prevalence of MetS increased with increasing age according to the three definitions (P<0.001) and peaked in the oldest age group (≥70 years) according to IDF 2005 and JIS 2009. Furthermore, a significant difference in the prevalence of MetS components according to gender was observed. Indeed, the abdominal obesity is the most frequent MetS compound in women group, but hypertension and low HDL-C are the most frequent in men. In addition, according to the three definitions, the most frequent MetS profile in our study is “higher waist circumference, hypertension, and low HDL-C.” Conclusion. The high prevalence of MetS is a serious public health problem in Hammam-Sousse Sahloul community. Higher waist circumference, hypertension, and low HDL-C were the most frequent profile in our study.

Download Full-text

Strength training versus aerobic interval training to modify risk factors of metabolic syndrome

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00996.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 108 (4) ◽

pp. 804-810 ◽

Cited By ~ 106

Author(s):

Dorth Stensvold ◽

Arnt Erik Tjønna ◽

Eli-Anne Skaug ◽

Stian Aspenes ◽

Tomas Stølen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Strength Training ◽

Interval Training ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Control Group ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Aerobic Interval Training ◽

Low Hdl

Metabolic syndrome is characterized by central obesity, elevated blood pressure, high fasting glucose and triglyceride levels, and low HDL levels. Regular physical activity can improve the metabolic profile and reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality. However, the optimal training regime to treat metabolic syndrome and its associated cardiovascular abnormalities remains undefined. Forty-three participants with metabolic syndrome were randomized to one of the following groups: aerobic interval training (AIT; n = 11), strength training (ST; n = 11), a combination of AIT and ST (COM; n = 10) 3 times/wk for 12 wk, or control ( n = 11). Risk factors comprising metabolic syndrome were evaluated before and after the intervention. Waist circumference (in cm) was significantly reduced after AIT [95% confidence interval (CI): −2.5 to −0.04], COM (95% CI: −2.11 to −0.63), and ST (95% CI: −2.68 to −0.84), whereas the control group had an increase in waist circumference (95% CI: 0.37–2.9). The AIT and COM groups had 11% and 10% increases in peak O2 uptake, respectively. There were 45% and 31% increases in maximal strength after ST and COM, respectively. Endothelial function, measured as flow-mediated dilatation (in %), was improved after AIT (95% CI: 0.3–3), COM (95% CI: 0.3–3), and ST (95% CI: 1.5–4.5). There were no changes in body weight, fasting plasma glucose, or HDL levels within or between the groups. In conclusion, all three training regimes have beneficial effects on physiological abnormalities associated with metabolic syndrome.

Download Full-text

Serum Retinol and β-carotene Levels and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Morbid Obesity

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000018 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 159-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gabriela Villaça Chaves ◽

Gisele Gonçalves de Souza ◽

Andréa Cardoso de Matos ◽

Dra. Wilza Abrantes Peres ◽

Silvia Elaine Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Morbid Obesity ◽

Serum Levels ◽

World Health ◽

Morbidly Obese ◽

Serum Retinol ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Β Carotene

Objective: To evaluate retinol and β-carotene serum levels and their relationship with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in individuals with morbid obesity, resident in Rio de Janeiro. Methodology: Blood serum concentrations of retinol and β-carotene of 189 morbidly obese individuals were assessed. The metabolic syndrome was identified according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and World Health Organization (WHO). Lipid profile, insulin resistance, basal insulin, glycemia, blood pressure, and anthropometry and their correlation with retinol and β-carotene serum levels were evaluated. Results: Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was observed in 49.0% of the sample. Within this percentage the levels of β-carotene were significantly lower when body mass index increased. Serum retinol didn't show this behavior. Serum retinol inadequacy in patients with metabolic syndrome (61.3%), according to WHO criterion, was higher (15.8%) than when the whole sample was considered (12.7%). When metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by NCEP criterion, β-carotene inadequacy was higher (42.8%) when compared to the total sample (37.5%). There was a significant difference between average β-carotene values of patients with and without metabolic syndrome (p=0.048) according to the classification of the NCEP. Lower values were found in patients with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Considering the vitamin A contribution in antioxidant protection, especially when risk factors for cardiovascular disease are present, it is suggested that great attention be given to morbidly obese. This could aid in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, which affects a significant part of the population.

Download Full-text

Association between muscle strength and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2020-0135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Tiago R. de Lima ◽

Priscila C. Martins ◽

Giuseppe L. Torre ◽

Alice Mannocci ◽

Kelly S. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

The Body ◽

Reference List

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize evidence for the association between muscle strength (MS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and MS and combinations of risk factors for MetS in children and adolescents. Five databases (Medline/PubMed, EBSCO, Scielo, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge) were searched up to November 2019 with complementary reference list searches. Inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the relationship between MS and MetS or MS and combinations of risk factors for MetS in children and adolescents (≤19 years of age). Risk of bias was assessed using standard procedures. From the total of 15,599 articles initially identified, 13 articles were included, representing 11,641 children and adolescents. Higher MS values were associated with lower risk for MetS or combinations of risk factors for MetS (n=11/13 studies). Of the total of included studies, about 23.1% (03/13) were longitudinal and all included studies were classified as having a moderate risk of bias. This review provides preliminary evidence for a beneficial relationship between MS and MetS among children and adolescents. Additionally, although the body of evidence points to the beneficial relationship between higher MS and lower risk for combination of factors for MetS in children and adolescents, this relationship is inconclusive.

Download Full-text

Significant Associations of lncRNA H19 Genotypes with Susceptibility to Childhood Leukemia in Taiwan

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph14030235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 235

Author(s):

Jen-Sheng Pei ◽

Chao-Chun Chen ◽

Wen-Shin Chang ◽

Yun-Chi Wang ◽

Jaw-Chyun Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Childhood Leukemia ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Wild Type ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Genotypic Distribution ◽

Heterozygous Variant ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

The purpose of our study was to investigate whether genetic variations in lncRNA H19 were associated with susceptibility to childhood leukemia. Two hundred and sixty-six childhood leukemia patients and 266 healthy controls were enrolled in Taiwan, and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2839698 and rs217727, in H19 were genotyped and analyzed. There was a significant difference in the genotypic distribution of rs2839698 between patients and healthy controls (p = 0.0277). Compared to the wild-type CC genotype, the heterozygous variant CT and homozygous variant TT genotypes were associated with significantly increased risks of childhood leukemia with an adjusted odd ratio (OR) of 1.46 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08–2.14, p = 0.0429) and 1.94 (95%CI, 1.15–3.31, p = 0.0169), respectively (pfor tread = 0.0277). The difference in allelic frequencies between childhood leukemia patients and controls was also significant (T versus C, adjusted OR = 1.53, 95%CI, 1.13–1.79, p = 0.0077). There were no significant differences in the genotypic and allelic distributions of rs217727 between cases and controls. Interestingly, the average level of H19 rs2839698 was statistically significantly higher for patients with CT and TT genotypes than from those with the CC genotype (p < 0.0001). Our results indicate that H19 SNP rs2839698, but not rs217727, may serve as a novel susceptibility marker for childhood leukemia.

Download Full-text