Influencia del masaje ZNAR y la inmersión en agua fría en el proceso inflamatorio, Creatin Kinasa y percepción al dolor muscular en jugadores de voleibol (Influence of ZNAR massage and cold water immersion on the inflammatory process, Creatine Kinase and

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Zeltzin Nereyda Alonso Ramos ◽  
Blanca Rocío Rangel Colmenero ◽  
Myriam Zarai García Dávila ◽  
Gerardo Enrique Muñoz Maldonado ◽  
José Raul Hoyos Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α

  Las estrategias que aminoren el dolor, la inflamación y el daño muscular provocados por la actividad física de alta intensidad en atletas son de interés en la recuperación deportiva, por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue conocer el efecto del masaje ZNAR y la inmersión en agua fría a 10° sobre el proceso inflamatorio a través de la interleucina 6 (IL-6), interleucina 10 (IL-10), el factor de necrosis tumoral Alpha (TNF-α), el daño muscular mediante la Creatin Kinasa (CK) y la percepción al dolor muscular a través de la escala visual análoga de dolor (EVA) en jugadores de voleibol. Participaron 19 atletas divididos en un grupo control y un grupo experimental, sometidos a dos protocolos de recuperación (masaje ZNAR e inmersión en agua fría) posterior a un test de inducción a la fatiga. Se cuantifico la IL-6, IL-10, TNF, CK y EVA. Los resultados mostraron cambios significativos (p < .05) en las tomas de recuperación en el comportamiento del proceso inflamatorio, la CK y la percepción al dolor muscular con ambos métodos de recuperación. Conclusión, el Masaje ZNAR favorece a la recuperación de la IL-6 y la IL-10 además de la disminución de la CK y la percepción al dolor muscular.  Abstract: The strategies that reduce pain, inflammation and muscle damage caused by high intensity activity in athletes are of interest in sports recovery, the objective of the study was to know the effect of ZNAR massage and cold water immersion at 10 ° on the inflammatory process through interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor Alpha (TNF-α), muscle damage through Creatine Kinase (CK) and the perception of muscle pain through the visual analoge scale (VAS) in volleyball players. 19 athletes were divided into a control group and an experimental group, submitted to two recovery protocols (ZNAR massage and cold water immersion) after a fatigue induction test. IL-6, IL-10, TNF, CK and EVA were quantified. The results showed significant changes (p < .05) in the recovery shots in the behavior of the inflammatory process, the CK and the perception of muscle pain with both recovery methods. Conclusion, the ZNAR Massage favors the recovery of IL-6 and IL-10 in addition to the decrease in CK and the perception of muscle pain

scholarly journals Effect of cold water immersion on muscle damage indexes after simulated soccer training in young soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-241
Author(s):  
Saman Khakpoor Roonkiani ◽  
Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽  
Ali Shamsi Majelan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soccer Training

Summary Study aim: To investigate the effect of cold water immersion (CWI) on muscle damage indexes after simulated soccer activity in young soccer players. Material and methods: Eighteen professional male soccer players were randomly divided into two groups: CWI (n = 10, age 19.3 ± 0.5, body mass index 22.2 ± 1.3) and control (n = 8, age 19.4 ± 0.8, body mass index 21.7 ± 1.5). Both groups performed a simulated 90-minute soccer-specific aerobic field test (SAFT90). Then, the CWI group subjects immersed themselves for 10 minutes in 8°C water, while the control group subjects sat passively for the same time period. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after, 10 minutes, 24 hours and 48 hours after the training session in a fasted state. Blood lactate, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme levels were measured. Results: Lactate, CK and LDH levels increased significantly after training (p < 0.001). There were significant interactions between groups and subsequent measurements for CK (p = 0.0012) and LDH (p = 0.0471). There was no significant difference in lactate level between the two groups at any aforementioned time. Conclusion: It seems that CWI after simulated 90-minute soccer training can reduce the values of muscle damage indexes in soccer players.

scholarly journals Recovery following Rugby Union matches: effects of cold water immersion on markers of fatigue and damage

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-556
Author(s):  
Renan Felipe Hartmann Nunes ◽  
Rob Duffield ◽  
Fábio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Ewertton de Souza Bezerra ◽  
Raphael Luiz Sakugawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Rugby Players

We investigated the effect of postmatch cold-water immersion (CWI) on markers of muscle damage, neuromuscular fatigue, and perceptual responses within 72 h after a rugby match. Twenty-two professional male rugby players were randomized into CWI (10 °C/10 min; n = 11) or control (CON: 30 min seated; n = 11) groups. Activity profile from Global Positioning Satellite systems and postmatch rating of perceived exertion were measured to determined match load. Biochemical (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6), neuromuscular performance (squat (SJ) and countermovement jumps (CMJ), peak power output (PPO), rate of force development (RFD), stiffness, 10- and 30-m sprint time, and perceptual markers (soreness, perceived recovery) were obtained before and immediately after the match, and then at 30 min, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after the match. Magnitude-based inference and Cohen’s effect size (ES) were used to analyze change over time and between groups. Thus, the higher/beneficial, similar/trivial, or lower/harmful differences were evaluated as follows: <1%, almost certainly not; 1% to 5%, very unlikely; 5% to 25%, unlikely; 25% to 75%, possible; 75% to 95%, likely; 95% to 99%, very likely; >99%, almost certainly. Changes were unclear for the match loads, sprint times, and perceptual markers between groups. Higher %ΔSJ at 24 h (very likely (ES = 0.75)) and in %ΔPPO_SJ at 48 h (likely (ES = 0.51)) were observed in CWI than in CON. Values in %ΔRDF_CMJ were higher immediately after (likely (ES = 0.83)), 30 min after (very likely (ES = 0.97)), and 24 h after the match (likely (ES = 0.93)) in CWI than in CON. Furthermore, %Δlog TNF-α were lower in the CWI group than in the CON group immediately after (almost certainly (ES = −0.76)), 24 h after (very likely (ES = −1.09)), and 72 h after the match (likely (ES = −0.51)), and in Δstiffness_SJ at 30 min after (likely (ES = −0.67)) and 48 h after the match (very likely (ES = −0.97)). Also, different within-groups effects throughout postmatch were reported. Implementing postmatch CWI-based strategies improved the recovery of markers of inflammation and fatigue in rugby players, despite no change in markers of speed or perceptual recovery.

β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB)-free acid attenuates circulating TNF-α and TNFR1 expression postresistance exercise

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1173-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy R. Townsend ◽  
Maren S. Fragala ◽  
Adam R. Jajtner ◽  
Adam M. Gonzalez ◽  
Adam J. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Tnf Α

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate-free acid (HMB-FA) and cold-water immersion (CWI) on circulating concentrations of TNF-α and monocyte TNF-α receptor 1 (TNFR1) expression. Forty resistance-trained men (22.3 ± 2.4 yr) were randomized into four groups [placebo (PL), HMB-FA, CWI, and HMB-FA-CWI] and performed an acute, intense exercise protocol (four sets of up to 10 repetitions of the squat, dead lift, and split squat). Participants also performed four sets of up to 10 repetitions of the squat at 24 and 48 h following the initial exercise bout. Blood was sampled before exercise (PRE), immediately postexercise (IP), and 30 min, 24 h, and 48 h postexercise (30P, 24P, and 48P, respectively). Circulating TNF-α was assayed, and TNFR1 expression on CD14+ monocytes was measured by flow cytometry. The exercise protocol significantly elevated TNF-α in only PL ( P = 0.006) and CWI ( P = 0.045) IP. Mean percent changes show that TNF-α significantly increased from PRE to IP for only PL and CWI groups ( P < 0.05), whereas the percent change of TNF-α for HMB-FA and HMB-FA-CWI was not significant. TNFR1 expression was elevated in PL ( P = 0.023) and CWI ( P = 0.02) at 30P compared with PRE, whereas both HMB-FA-treated groups did not increase significantly. In conclusion, HMB-FA attenuated circulating TNF-α IP and TNFR1 expression during recovery compared with PL and CWI. HMB-FA supplementation may attenuate the initial immune response to intense exercise, which may reduce recovery time following intense exercise.

scholarly journals Physiologic and Perceptual Responses to Cold-Shower Cooling After Exercise-Induced Hyperthermia

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory L. Butts ◽  
Brendon P. McDermott ◽  
Brian J. Buening ◽  
Jeffrey A. Bonacci ◽  
Matthew S. Ganio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Heat Stroke ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise conducted in hot, humid environments increases the risk for exertional heat stroke (EHS). The current recommended treatment of EHS is cold-water immersion; however, limitations may require the use of alternative resources such as a cold shower (CS) or dousing with a hose to cool EHS patients.Context: To investigate the cooling effectiveness of a CS after exercise-induced hyperthermia.Objective: Randomized, crossover controlled study.Design: Environmental chamber (temperature = 33.4°C ± 2.1°C; relative humidity = 27.1% ± 1.4%).Setting: Seventeen participants (10 male, 7 female; height = 1.75 ± 0.07 m, body mass = 70.4 ± 8.7 kg, body surface area = 1.85 ± 0.13 m2, age range = 19–35 years) volunteered.Patients or Other Participants: On 2 occasions, participants completed matched-intensity volitional exercise on an ergometer or treadmill to elevate rectal temperature to ≥39°C or until participant fatigue prevented continuation (reaching at least 38.5°C). They were then either treated with a CS (20.8°C ± 0.80°C) or seated in the chamber (control [CON] condition) for 15 minutes.Intervention(s): Rectal temperature, calculated cooling rate, heart rate, and perceptual measures (thermal sensation and perceived muscle pain).Main Outcome Measure(s): The rectal temperature (P = .98), heart rate (P = .85), thermal sensation (P = .69), and muscle pain (P = .31) were not different during exercise for the CS and CON trials (P &gt; .05). Overall, the cooling rate was faster during CS (0.07°C/min ± 0.03°C/min) than during CON (0.04°C/min ± 0.03°C/min; t16 = 2.77, P = .01). Heart-rate changes were greater during CS (45 ± 20 beats per minute) compared with CON (27 ± 10 beats per minute; t16 = 3.32, P = .004). Thermal sensation was reduced to a greater extent with CS than with CON (F3,45 = 41.12, P &lt; .001).Results: Although the CS facilitated cooling rates faster than no treatment, clinicians should continue to advocate for accepted cooling modalities and use CS only if no other validated means of cooling are available.Conclusions:

scholarly journals Use of Cold-Water Immersion to Reduce Muscle Damage and Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness and Preserve Muscle Power in Jiu-Jitsu Athletes

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 540-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Líllian Beatriz Fonseca ◽  
Ciro J. Brito ◽  
Roberto Jerônimo S. Silva ◽  
Marzo Edir Silva-Grigoletto ◽  
Walderi Monteiro da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Power Recovery

Context: Cold-water immersion (CWI) has been applied widely as a recovery method, but little evidence is available to support its effectiveness. Objective: To investigate the effects of CWI on muscle damage, perceived muscle soreness, and muscle power recovery of the upper and lower limbs after jiu-jitsu training. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Laboratory and field. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 8 highly trained male athletes (age = 24.0 ± 3.6 years, mass = 78.4 ± 2.4 kg, percentage of body fat = 13.1% ± 3.6%) completed all study phases. Intervention(s): We randomly selected half of the sample for recovery using CWI (6.0°C ± 0.5°C) for 19 minutes; the other participants were allocated to the control condition (passive recovery). Treatments were reversed in the second session (after 1 week). Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured serum levels of creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase enzymes; perceived muscle soreness; and recovery through visual analogue scales and muscle power of the upper and lower limbs at pretraining, postrecovery, 24 hours, and 48 hours. Results: Athletes who underwent CWI showed better posttraining recovery measures because circulating LDH levels were lower at 24 hours postrecovery in the CWI condition (441.9 ± 81.4 IU/L) than in the control condition (493.6 ± 97.4 IU/L; P = .03). Estimated muscle power was higher in the CWI than in the control condition for both upper limbs (757.9 ± 125.1 W versus 695.9 ± 56.1 W) and lower limbs (53.7 ± 3.7 cm versus 35.5 ± 8.2 cm; both P values = .001). In addition, we observed less perceived muscle soreness (1.5 ± 1.1 arbitrary units [au] versus 3.1 ± 1.0 au; P = .004) and higher perceived recovery (8.8 ± 1.9 au versus 6.9 ± 1.7 au; P = .005) in the CWI than in the control condition at 24 hours postrecovery. Conclusions: Use of CWI can be beneficial to jiu-jitsu athletes because it reduces circulating LDH levels, results in less perceived muscle soreness, and helps muscle power recovery at 24 hours postrecovery.

scholarly journals The Effect of Submaximal Exercise Followed by Short-Term Cold-Water Immersion on the Inflammatory State in Healthy Recreational Athletes: A Cross-Over Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4239
Author(s):  
Marta Pawłowska ◽  
Celestyna Mila-Kierzenkowska ◽  
Tomasz Boraczyński ◽  
Michał Boraczyński ◽  
Karolina Szewczyk-Golec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory State

Cold-water immersion (CWI) after exercise is a method used by sportsmen to improve recovery. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a 3 min CWI on the inflammatory state by measuring levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and activities of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) and lysosomal enzymes, including arylsulfatase (ASA), acid phosphatase (AcP), and cathepsin D (CTS D), in the blood of healthy recreational athletes. Male volunteers (n = 22, age 25 ± 4.8 yr) performed a 30 min submaximal aerobic exercise, followed by a 20 min rest at room temperature (RT-REST) or a 20 min rest at room temperature with an initial 3 min 8 °C water bath (CWI-REST). Blood samples were taken at baseline, immediately after exercise, and after 20 min of recovery. The IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels and the AAT activity increased significantly immediately after exercise. The IL-6 level was significantly higher after CWI-REST than after RT-REST. No changes in the activities of the lysosomal enzymes were observed. The effect of a 3 min CWI on the level of inflammatory markers during post-exercise recovery was limited. Thus, it might be considered as a widely available method of regeneration for recreational athletes.

Tolerance of Gaspé fishermen to cold water

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques LeBlanc ◽  
J. A. Hildes ◽  
O. Héroux
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Finger Temperature ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
And Control

A group of Gaspé fishermen used to cold water immersion and control subjects from the same vicinity were studied to determine if the fishermen's hands were adapted to cold. With one hand immersed in cold water, the pressor response was greater in the control subjects; the fishermen maintained a higher finger temperature and complained less of pain; heat flow from the fishermen's hands was greater than in the control group; finger numbness as measured by a modification of Mackworth's V-test was variable and not significantly different in the two groups. Skin biopsies showed no difference in skin thickness or cell size but there was a significantly greater number of mast cells in the fishermen's skin. The differences between the fishermen and the control subjects may be related to repeated cold exposure. Submitted on June 7, 1960

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