scholarly journals O suicídio e a prática da terapia ocupacional: reflexões de estudantes de um curso de graduação / The suicide and the occupational therapy practice: reflections of students of a graduation course

Author(s):  
Karine Guedes Ferreira ◽  
Monica Villaça Gonçalves

O suicídio é atualmente uma questão social e de saúde pública mundial. No Brasil as taxas vêm aumentando gradativamente. Estudos mostram que os profissionais de saúde nem sempre estão preparados para lidar com pacientes com questões relacionadas ao suicídio. Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações entre o suicídio e a prática da terapia ocupacional a partir das percepções de estudantes de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública sobre o tema. Foram realizadas 13 entrevistas com estudantes de terapia ocupacional de uma IES. Os resultados foram analisados pela abordagem da análise de conteúdo e divididos em duas categorias: (1) Suicídio e a prática da Terapia Ocupacional: a importância da prevenção e (2) Suicídio e questões éticas. Os estudantes entrevistados fazem apontamentos que se relacionam com as políticas públicas nacionais, principalmente no que se refere a prevenção do suicídio e destacam também questões éticas nessa prática. É preciso que o tema seja discutido na graduação, pois a reflexão anterior à prática auxilia os futuros profissionais em suas atuações. Abstract Suicide is a global public health and social issue. In Brazil, rates have gradually increased. Studies show that health professionals are not always prepared to deal with patients with suicide issues. This article aims to reflect on the relationship between suicide and the practice of occupational therapy from the perceptions of students of a public higher education institution (HEI) about the subject. Thirteen interviews were conducted with students of occupational therapy at an HEI. The results were analyzed by the content analysis approach and divided into two categories: (1) Suicide and Occupational Therapy practice: the importance of prevention and (2) Suicide and ethical issues. The interviewed students make notes that relate to national public policies, especially regarding suicide prevention and also highlight ethical issues in this practice. It is necessary that the subject be discussed in the graduation, because the reflection before the practice helps the future professionals in their performancesKeywords: Professional Training; Public Health; Suicide; Occupational Therapy. 

Author(s):  
Hadina Habil

Email communication has been the communication medium for most organizations nowadays as the Internet has become a way of life for most people. To serve the purposes of communication in organizations, email is used to coordinate action, share information and satisfy social needs. This research was carried out to examine the patterns of email communication in a public higher education institution in Malaysia. A total of 86 emails consisting of 40 email chains and five one-way communication emails were collected over a period of four weeks. These emails were analyzed for functions and strategies used by the email writers. It was found that writers of email are aware of the strategies available for disseminating information and they used the strategies differently depending on the situation, the people involved in the interaction and the subject matter.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-139
Author(s):  
Mary Stefanazzi

Abstract Jungians and Christians use the word evil in different and contradictory senses. The moral aim of the Jungian is the ‘integration of evil’, whereas for the Christian it is ‘the overcoming of evil by good’. This paper guides the reader through Victor White’s thinking on evil—understood in the tradition of Aristotle and Aquinas as parasitic on good—malum est privatio boni, and concludes by considering the clinical significance of the relationship between moral evil—malum culpae—and guilt. Although Jung and White never resolved their differences on evil, they agreed that the subject demands concentration and careful reflection. The hypothesis here is that, although the literature on the Jung–White dialogue offers extensive analysis on evil, it does not go far enough. There is little evidence of dynamic engagement with the underlying ethical issues that White’s clarity of thought challenges one to consider.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Zhang ◽  
Qi Xie ◽  
Ziyu Ye ◽  
Yanyun Li ◽  
Zhengping Che ◽  
...  

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the communicable diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, affecting nearly one-third of the world’s population. However, because the pathogenesis of TB is still not fully understood and the development of anti-TB drug is slow, TB remains a global public health problem. In recent years, with the gradual discovery and confirmation of the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), more and more studies, including our team’s research, have shown that MSCs seem to be closely related to the growth status of Mtb and the occurrence and development of TB, which is expected to bring new hope for the clinical treatment of TB. This article reviews the relationship between MSCs and the occurrence and development of TB and the potential application of MSCs in the treatment of TB.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite Claire Sendall ◽  
Athena Ng ◽  
Laura McCosker

Introduction Previous studies have shown teaching public health in medical courses improves students’ analytical, problem-solving and communication skills. However, little research to date has shown if public health teaching is helpful to paramedic students. The aim of this study was to examine if having paramedic tutors teach public health had a positive effect on students’ learning and interest in public health. Methods 184 second-year paramedic students at an Australian university completed a printed survey and provided feedback about their learning experience. Students answered multiple choice and open-ended questions about whether their understanding of a public health subject was improved by having a paramedic tutor, and if having different tutors each week affected students’ learning. Results Most students reported their understanding of public health improved when the subject was taught by a paramedic tutor and when paramedic scenario examples were included in teaching. Nearly half felt having different tutors each week made learning difficult. The following themes emerged from student narratives: the relevance of public health to their career; an improved understanding of public health; a realisation about the importance of public health; difficulties presented by an inconsistent teaching style; and poor follow-up and conflicting advice. Conclusion Teaching public health from a paramedic perspective enabled students to understand the relevance of paramedic practice and the role paramedics play in the public health system. Having the same paramedic tutor teaching each week helped students understand the relationship between public health and paramedic practice.


The Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health is the ultimate resource on the subject of public health and epidemiology. It has been thoroughly revised and updated, offering a global and comprehensive perspective on wide-ranging public health needs and priorities in modern health care. It is divided into three areas: 'The Scope of Public Health' discusses the development of the discipline, determinants of health and disease, public health policies, and law and ethics; 'The Methods of Public Health' covers the main science behind the discipline – epidemiology; 'The Practice of Public Health' examines specific public health problems and the options for prevention and control. As well as identifying these issues by system or disease, there is also an awareness of the unique needs of particular population groups. This sixth edition also includes new topics, including climate change, genetic testing and epidemiology; new methods for measuring the burden of disease; life course approaches to epidemiology, behavioural economics; and physical activity, health and wellbeing.


Author(s):  
Monica Villaça Gonçalves ◽  
Samira Lima Da Costa ◽  
Beatriz Akemi Takeiti

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar e discutir as possibilidades de atuação da Terapia Ocupacional no campo da Cultura, a partir das reflexões docentes provocadas por estudantes da graduação em Terapia Ocupacional de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública. Hoje as políticas públicas brasileiras apresentam a cultura enquanto direito. Cultura, nesse caso, não apenas entendida como manifestações artísticas e estéticas, mas enquanto uma questão de identidade, protegendo, assim, também a sua diversidade. Para a realização desta pesquisa, optou-se pela metodologia qualitativa a partir de uma abordagem descritivo-analítica, tendo como método a pesquisa documental do diário de aulas de dois semestres seguidos da disciplina de Terapia Ocupacional Social de um curso de uma Universidade Federal. Os resultados foram divididos em 3 categorias de análise: (1) Cultura atravessando a prática, (2) Cultura enquanto recurso e (3) Cultura enquanto um Campo de atuação da Terapia Ocupacional. Compreende-se que a Cultura pode se delimitar como campo específico de atuação, o que aponta para a necessidade de estudos e uma formação direcionados particularmente a essas políticas, serviços e práticas. Os dados desta pesquisa em particular somados as diversas experiências da Terapia Ocupacional no Campo da Cultura têm demonstrado a necessidade de repensarmos a formação profissional. Uma pista importante seria realizar uma revisão nas diretrizes curriculares nacionais, levando em consideração o campo da Cultura como lócus de produção de conhecimento e de intervenção do terapeuta ocupacional. Aponta-se que é preciso investir nessa formação para a consolidação das práticas do Terapeuta Ocupacional no Campo da Cultura. Abstract This paper aims to analyze and discuss the possibilities of action of occupational therapy in the field of Culture, by teachers reflections caused by the graduate students in Occupational Therapy in a public Higher Education Institution (HEI). Today the Brazilian public policies comprehend culture as a right. Culture, in this case, not only understood as aesthetic and artistic expressions, but as a matter of identity, thus protecting also the diversity. For this research, we chose the qualitative methodology from a descriptive and analytical approach, with the method of documentary research in the classroom diary followed by two semesters of discipline Social Occupational Therapy classes, in a course of a Federal University. The results were divided into three categories of analysis: (1) Culture crossing the practice, (2) Culture as a resource and (3) Culture while a field of practice of Occupational Therapy. It is understood that culture can define the specific field of expertise, which shows the need for studies and training targeted particularly to those policies, services and practices. Results from this study in particular added the various experiences of Occupational Therapy in the Field of Culture have shown the need to rethink vocational training. An important clue would conduct a review of national curriculum guidelines, taking into account the field of culture as knowledge production locus and intervention of occupational therapist. It points out that it is necessary to invest in such training for the consolidation of the practices Occupational Therapist in the Field of CultureKeywords: Occupational therapy. Culture. Citizenship, Vocational training. Resumen Este artículo tiene como proposito analizar y debater lasposibilidades de laactuación de la terapia ocupacional enel âmbito de la Cultura, desde las reflexiones docentes generado por losestudiantes graduados enla Terapia Ocupacional enel centro de enseñanza superior (IES) publica. Hoy, laspoliticapublicasbrasileñaspresentanla cultura como derecho. Cultura, en neste caso, no sólo entendida como manifestaciones artísticas y estéticas, sino como uma cuestión de la identidade, protegiendotambiénsu diversidade. Para esta investigación, elegimosel enfoque cualitativo a partir de un enfoque analítico descriptivo, teniendo como base el método documentaldeldiario de campo de lasclases de los dos semestres consecutivos de la disciplina de Terapia Ocupacional Social de uncurso de una Universidad Publica. Los resultados obtenidos se dividieranentres categorias de análisis: (1) Cultura atravesandolapráctica, (2) Cultura como recurso y (3) Cultura como um campo de acción de la Terapia Ocupacional. Se entiende que la Cultura puede definir como campo específico de acción, con una finalidade determinada, lo que apunta para lanecesidad de los estúdios y uma formacción dirigida enparticular  aaquellas políticas, servicios y prácticas. Los datos de este estudio especialmente sumado a las diversas experienciasde la Terapia Ocupacional enelámbito de la Cultura han demonstrado lanecesidad de replantearlaformaciónprofesional. Una pista importante llevaría a uma revisión de lasdirectrices curriculares nacionales, teniendo em cuentaelámbito de la Cultura como locus de produccióndelconociento y laintervencióndel terapeuta ocupacional. Se apunta que és necesarioinvertiren neste tipo de formación para laconsolidación de lasprácticas de el terapeuta ocupacional enelámbito de la Cultura.Palalvras claves: Terapia Ocupacional, Cultura, Ciudadanía Cultural, Formación Profesional.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e95911603
Author(s):  
Luíza Gadea Gradret Levy ◽  
Laís Ferreira ◽  
Júlia Dalcin Pinto ◽  
Gicelia Barreto Nascimento ◽  
Eliara Pinto Vieira Biaggio ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to identify the perceptions of the hearing impaired students and the Accessibility Center employees of a Public Higher Education Institution regarding the policies and actions of accessibility and permanence in the education offered in the institution in which they are linked. Also, to verify the association between the preferential linguistic modality of the hearing impaired students and their responses regarding the policies of accessibility and permanence in education in a Higher Education Institution. As well as to identify the architectural and communicational barriers that undermines the academic performance of these students. 14 hearing impaired students and 5 Accessibility Center employees of a Higher Education Institution participated in this study. The data collection occurred through an online questionnaire. It was verified that the two groups did not obtained similar perceptions regarding accessibility and permanence. There was no statistical difference between the linguistic modality and the responses regarding accessibility and permanence in higher education. The students report as main architectural and communication barriers: classroom, learning disability and difficulty in following the contents during classes. This research verified that there is a divergence between students and employees´ perceptions. Regardless of the preferred linguistic modality, students with hearing impairment have the same perceptions regarding accessibility and permanence in higher education. The architectural and communicational barriers were identified in the studied sample.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lucinda April Campbell

<p>In bio-ethics, the potential practical and ethical implications of radical life extension are being seriously debated. However, the role of motivation in relation to dramatically increasing the human life span has been largely overlooked. I propose that motivation is a crucial aspect to consider within the radical life extension discourse by conjecturing about why it might appeal and the possible ways it could impact outcomes where it is successfully developed and implemented. I do not thereby present an argument that supports or opposes radical life extension technology. This is ultimately a speculative piece. In exploring the relationship between motivation and radical life extension, I present a conceptual framework called the Thanatophobic and Romantic Motivational Spectrum (TRM Spectrum) designed to assist deeper examination on the subject. It captures what I suggest are two key motivators related to life and death, that is, the fear of death (Thanatophobia) and the “love” of life (Romanticism). The motivational spectrum is then applied to the death penalty versus life imprisonment, and euthanasia and suicide debates to demonstrate how it can be used for analysis of ethical issues in relation to the potential introduction of radical life extension technology.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Naiara da Silva ◽  
Janieiry Lima de Araújo ◽  
Niedja cibegne da Silva Fernandes ◽  
Joseph Dimas Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Tavares Silveira Silva ◽  
...  

Pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa cujo objetivo foi compreender o conhecimento dos graduandosde enfermagem sobre os Erros da Enfermagem e a Segurança do Paciente. Para isso realizou-se entrevistasemiestruturada com 36 graduandos de enfermagem de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior pública, cujo campusuniversitário localiza-se na cidade de Pau dos Ferros/RN. Evidenciou-se que os graduandos possuem uma visãoampliada acerca dos “Erros de Enfermagem”, no sentido de valorizar a importância de se conhecer e discutir osfatores desencadeantes e condicionantes, além da não valorização a culpabilização apenas do profi ssional.Quanto a “Segurança do Paciente” se constitui como uma discussão relativamente nova no campo dos cuidados deenfermagem, onde se percebe que o tema não é sufi cientemente estudado na formação. Deste modo, há necessidadede incluir na grade curricular disciplinas que abordem com maior ênfase e mais diretamente as temáticas, inclusiveé imperativo que o aluno se disponha a ser coparticipativo nesse processo.Palavras-chave: Enfermagem; Erros Médicos; Doença Iatrogênica; Segurança do Paciente. AbsTRAcTExploratory research with a qualitative approach whose objective was to understand the perception of nursingundergraduates about Nursing Errors and Patient Safety. For this, a semi-structured interview was conducted with36 nursing undergraduates from a public higher education institution, whose university campus is located inthe city of Pau dos Ferros / RN. It was evident that the graduates have a broader view about the “Nursing Errors”in order to appreciate the importance of understanding and discuss the triggering and conditioning factors, inaddition to no appreciation to blame only the professional. As for “Patient Safety” is constituted as a relativelynew discussion in the fi eld of nursing care, where it is realized that the subject is not suffi ciently studied intraining. Thus, there is need to include in the curriculum subjects that address with greater emphasis and moredirectly the issues, including it is imperative that the student is willing to be co-participative in this process.Keywords: Nursing; Medical Errors; Iatrogenic Disease; Patient Safety


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