scholarly journals Gender Inequality in Education: An Analysis of Socio-Cultural Factors and Impacts on the Economic Development of Malakand

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Umer Daraz ◽  
Akhlaq Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Women's Education ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Religious Preference ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
Per Capita

Women’s education is the most effective channel for reducing the inequalities between men and women and ensuring the maximum participation of women in the developmental process. This study is conducted in Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Further this Paper explains the socio-cultural reasons of gender inequality in education, and to investigate that how this inequality affects the economic stability. The data is collected through questionnaire from 165 household using cluster random sampling technique. Chi-square test and correlation technique are utilized for the verification of hypotheses which proves that the gender inequality in education is as an endogenous variable and show that it can be explained to a considerable extent by cultural-religious preference, and  regional factors. It is concluded from the study that, gender disparity in education reduces human per capita income. The study suggests that to improve human development in the context of per capita production, women’s education must be improved through the elimination of disparity in the text and by relaxing the socio-cultural factors.

scholarly journals Effect of gender gap in education on district level GDP per capital of Nepal

2012 ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav Prasad Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
District Level ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
Per Capita

Growth theories developed in the 1980s and 1990s incorporate education centered human capital to explain the cross-country and country specific variations in the per capita gross domestic product. This article examines the effect of gender inequality in education on the per capita GDP of the districts of Nepal. Gender inequality in education is more pronounced in less developed countries than in developed countries. Utilizing the data pertaining to the year 2001 taken from Nepal Human Development Report 2004 published by United Nations Development Program (UNDP) country office Nepal, we find that gender gap in education has obvious negative impact on district level GDP per capita of Nepal. This bears implication in policy formulation to minimize the gender disparity in education.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ejdi.v13i0.7211 Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol.13 & 14 2011, pp.65-74

Gender and Transformative Education in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Ladaah Openjuru
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Transformative Education ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
Pedagogy And Curriculum ◽  
Equality In Education

Gender and transformative education are a unique combination that needs careful consideration. One is drawn to focusing on gender and education in an attempt to bring about gender perspective transformation. Gender-related transformation of education can be accomplished in a variety of scales and approaches. This approach could change how education is organized in ways that recognize gender differences or inequality, do not exacerbate gender inequity, and enhance gender awareness, and aim to promote gender equity and equality in education. This intervention could take the form of gender mainstreaming and other affirmative actions which can be achieved through gender policies, gender-responsive pedagogy, and curriculum development. There is no doubt that, regardless of all the efforts that have been put in place to overcome gender inequality in education, gender inequality still exists and continue to persist at all levels of education and hence the need for transformative education which is education for change. Educators should follow transformative education to enable them to identify practices and ways of teaching and learning that are not gender sensitive and can take corrective measures in the direction that can overcome gender disparity in education by avoiding action that promotes gender disadvantages.

Impact of educational and gender inequality on income and income inequality in South Asian countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1043-1062
Author(s):  
Kashif Munir ◽  
Ayesha Kanwal
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
Per Capita

PurposeThe objectives of this study are threefold: firstly, to measure the impact of educational inequality on income inequality, and per capita income; secondly, to measure the impact of gender inequality in education on income inequality, per capita income and educational inequality; and lastly, to test the Kuznets inverted U-shape hypothesis between inequality in education and average year of schooling.Design/methodology/approachThe study has adopted the Marin and Psacharopoulos (1976) model of human capital in which income earned by an individual can be estimated as a function of number of year spent in schooling or education. Gini coefficient is used as a measure of income inequality, while inequality in education is measured by Gini index of educational inequality. Gender inequality in education is measured by the difference between male and female enrolment ratios as a proportion of male enrolment. The study utilizes the data of six South Asian countries, i.e. Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka from 1980 to 2010 at five-year average and employs fixed effect model (FEM) and random effect model (REM) for estimation.FindingsResult suggests that educational inequality and average year of schooling have positive and significant impact on income inequality. Primary (basic) education and tertiary (higher) education reduce income inequality, while secondary education widens income inequality. Negative relationship exists between educational inequality and per capita income. Unequal distribution of education among boys and girls at primary level increases income inequality, while reduces income inequality at tertiary level. Gender inequality in secondary and tertiary level of education reduces per capita income, while unequal distribution of education among boys and girls further increases the educational inequality. Kuznets inverted U-shape hypothesis does not hold between education expansion and educational inequality, while weak U-shape relationship exists in South Asian countries.Practical implicationsGovernment has to provide free education in poor regions and makes employment programs to reduce the income and educational inequality respectively, while to remove gender inequality in education it is necessary to build more schools especially for girls. Government has to launch different online education programs for expansion in education at all levels.Originality/valueThis study adds to the literature by analyzing whether the inequality in income increases (decreases) due to increase (decrease) in educational and gender inequality in South Asian countries. This study contributes in the existing literature by developing a measure of educational and gender inequality in education in South Asian countries.Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-04-2020-0226.

The plight of women in Iraq: Gender disparity, violence, and mental health

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110036
Author(s):  
Maha Sulaiman Younis ◽  
Riyadh Khudhiar Lafta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Women’S Mental Health ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Women's Mental Health ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Gender Based

Background: Generations of women living in Iraq endured three major regional wars and internal conflicts, which weakened their psychological vulnerability and social role by poverty, displacements, and loss of their beloved ones. The available literature about women’s mental health is scarce and does not signify the gender inequality and gender disparity of mental disorders. Method: During 1st August to October 2020, we explored the search engines: Google Scholar, Pub-Med, Medline, and Clarivate using keywords of Iraq, gender inequality, women’s mental health, violence, and conflict, mental disorders, gender-based violence, etc. From 1792 research items, 64 articles were scrutinized for this study. We selected the most relevant studies with some available documents excluding data bout Immigrant women outside Iraq and reports from foreign military sources. Finding: Women living in Iraq have struggled for equality and empowerment since the 20th century. For the last four decades, successive wars, economic sanction, gender-based violence, and internal conflicts have affected their development endeavors. The 2003 US-led invasion caused a loss of lives, destruction of infrastructure, and forced displacement for tens of thousands of civilians, including women and children. These atrocities increased women’s vulnerability to develop or worsen the existing mental disorders. This review tries to attract world attention to women’s situations in Iraq.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT KOTA PADANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Rizki Afri Mulia ◽  
Nika Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Poor People ◽  
The People ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The City

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the welfare of the people of the City of Padang measured using the Human Development Index consisting of: 1) To determine the effect of the Per Capita Gross Regional Domestic Product on the welfare of the people in the City of Padang. 2) To determine the effect of number of Poor in community welfare in Padang. 3) To determine the effect of Unemployment Rate on the welfare of people in the city of Padang. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative research method. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling. Data collection was performed using documentation and hypothesis testing techniques in this study using multiple linear regression test. Based on the results of the study note that: 1) The regression coefficient value of GDP per capita is equal to 0.0000002 with a probability of 0.001 which is smaller than 0.05. 2) The regression coefficient value of the number of poor population is 0.156 with a probability of 0.526 which is smaller than 0.05. 3) The regression coefficient value of the Open Unemployment Rate is -0,00014 with a probability of 0.117 less than 0.05. The conclusions that can be drawn are as follows: 1) Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) has a positive and significant effect on the welfare of the people in Padang City. 2) The number of poor people has no significant effect on the welfare of the people in the city of Padang. 3) Open Unemployment Rate has no negative and significant effect on the welfare of the people in Padang City.

scholarly journals Investigating The Correlation Between Classroom Management and Student Interests in EFL Environment

Tamaddun ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80
Author(s):  
Muli Umiaty Noer ◽  
Sri Suci Utami ◽  
Abdollah Abdollah
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Student Interests ◽  
Independent Variable

The research aimed were to find out the correlation between classroom management and student’s interest. This research uses quantitative with survey method that apply correlation technique there are two variable in this research, namely dependent variable and independent variable. The independent variable is classroom management while dependent variable is students interest the population of this research as two classes of ABA UMI year 2016-2017. The samples of this research are 20 respondents taken through purposive sampling technique . in analysis the data of this research, the write used ( Correlation ). The findings of this study shows that there is any significant correlation between classroom management and student’s interest at the second grade of social class ABA UMI. This is proved by the value of the pearson product moment is -025 it means the correlation. And classroom management and student’s interest is weak. And correlation  classroom management has an important role in learning process because if there is in classroom management the student’s will not be interest in learning process.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA TEHNIK MENYUSUI DAN PERAWATAN PAYUDARA DENGAN PUTING SUSU PADA IBU NIFAS PRIMIPARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Novi Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Breast Care ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Feeding Techniques

Nipple blisters can be caused by trauma to the nipple during breastfeeding, but it can also cause cracks and the formation of a gap - a gap. The incidence of sore nipples caused by several factors including improper feeding techniques and lack of breast care. This study aims to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding and breast care techniques with incidence of sore nipples. This research was conducted in June 2017 and BPS BPS Meiyuni Siti Hotijah Bangkalan. This research uses a checklist approach Sectional Cros. Subjects studied were maternal postpartum primipara 1-40 day total of 36 people. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Statistic test used lambda. The results showed breastfeeding technique in the category of pretty 16 respondents (44.4%) and treatment of breast category fairly 18 respondents (50%), while the incidence of sore nipples in the category were 18 respondents (50%). Statistical test results showed the value of breastfeeding technique p Value (0.019) <α (0.05) means that there is a correlation technique of breastfeeding on the incidence of sore nipples, while for the treatment of breast statistical result p value Value (0.047) <α (0.05 ) means that there is a relationship to the incidence rate of breast care sore nipples. This research is expected to provide knowledge to prevent the incidence of sore nipples in a mannerappropriate feeding techniques and treatment of breast good.

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