A Review of the Causes of Japanese Students’ Educational Demotivation Through PROSPER Model

"Intersubjectivity is one of the most important concepts of the phenomenological school of thought. The approach assumes that our being in the world is based on relations with Others. The idea has a central role not only in the philosophy of perception but in psy-sciences as well. Mostly all branches of psychology agree that the self is constituted by its relations. However, there is much less consensus on how decisive these relations are. Therefore, the question of intersubjectivity has become the question of how we perceive human beings: as biological or social entities. Psy-sciences have never had one coherent and consensual paradigm, although nowadays the natural scientific standards are the most prevailing in the field, which prioritizes biological explanations over socio-cultural aspects. The study attempts to connect the phenomenological approach to intersubjectivity to the psychological approach to embodiment. For this, first, it elaborates on an essential problem of psy-sciences, transmitted by classical philosophy, namely the mind-body dualism, which implicitly establishes the current paradigm. Then, it aims to describe how the phenomenological approach, especially the philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, could dissolve the classical dualism through the assumption of the body-mind-world unity. Merleau-Ponty was one of those thinkers of the 20th century who laid down the foundations of the scientific paradigm of embodiment. Afterward, I illustrate the phenomenological concept above through Ben Rumble’s psychological approach, which applies the embodiment paradigm for the therapeutic process as a professional. The final part of the study attempts to establish a relation between the psychological attitude based on embodiment and the psychoanalytic theory of Sándor Ferenczi, the Hungarian psychoanalyst. Keywords: embodiment, intersubjectivity, psychoteraphy, phenomenology, psychoanalysis, critical psychology, Sándor Ferenczi "

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Normal saline instillation before suctioning: helpful or harmful? A review of the literature

American Journal of Critical Care ◽

10.4037/ajcc1995.4.4.267 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 267-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

SJ Raymond

Keyword(s):

Normal Saline ◽

Research Utilization ◽

Research Literature ◽

Scientific Data ◽

The Body ◽

Endotracheal Suctioning ◽

Common Clinical Practice ◽

Saline Instillation ◽

Recommended Guidelines ◽

Research Studies

This research utilization paper reviews the body of published literature on the practice of normal saline instillation before endotracheal suctioning of mechanically ventilated adult patients. Although normal saline instillation before suctioning is a common clinical practice, the research literature does not demonstrate any physiologic benefit to this procedure. Moreover, normal saline instillation may decrease oxygen saturation values (via pulse oximetry) after suctioning. The relevant research studies have been inconsistent and inconclusive because of limitations in sample size and research methodology. Further research studies using larger, more diverse samples, adhering strictly to recommended guidelines for endotracheal suctioning, and examining additional physiologic parameters of oxygenation are necessary. In addition, long-term outcomes of normal saline instillation such as respiratory infection and complications, as well as atelectasis, should be evaluated. Until scientific data can be presented to support the physiologic benefit of this practice, normal saline instillation should be discontinued as a routine or standard practice.

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Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices of Cooperative Learning and Its Influence on Classroom Learning

sjesr ◽

10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss2-2020(278-289) ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 278-289

Author(s):

Ms. Fozia Bashir ◽

Dr. Muhammad Nisar ◽

Mr. Anar Gul

Keyword(s):

Cooperative Learning ◽

Learning Strategies ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Secondary Level ◽

Study Data ◽

The Body ◽

Teachers Perceptions ◽

Female Teachers ◽

Learning Evaluation ◽

Research Studies

This study was launched in order to contribute to the body of researchers conducted for investigating teachers’ perceptions and practices about cooperative learning in the classroom. The main objective of this study was to learn about the reasons and perceptions of teachers why they choose to implement or not to implement cooperative learning strategies and how the use of the same influences their class classroom teaching and learning the process. The benefits of the cooperative learning strategies are supported by multiple research studies and conclude in students' intellectual performances along with behavioral improvements. Copious research studies focus on the benefits and methods of the cooperative learning process while lacking teachers’ perceptions and practices of cooperative learning. Evaluation of teachers’ perceptions and practices of cooperative learning in this research study was conducted at the secondary level in district Kohat. The study was descriptive in nature, the questionnaire was developed by the researcher with the kind and immense consultation of the supervisor. The population of the study comprises all the teachers teaching at the Secondary level at district Kohat while 50 teachers were selected using convenient sampling techniques. Keeping in view the cultural restriction only female teachers were taken as the sample of the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and central tendencies. Analysis of the quantitative questionnaire showed that most of the teachers like and tend to use cooperative learning strategies. The use of these strategies makes their classes not only conducive to learning and but also develops social skills, self-esteem, cooperation and confidence in students.

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Veterinarian barriers to knowledge translation (KT) within the context of swine infectious disease research: an international survey of swine veterinarians

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s12917-020-02617-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sheila Keay ◽

Jan M. Sargeant ◽

Annette O’Connor ◽

Robert Friendship ◽

Terri O’Sullivan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Knowledge Translation ◽

Statistical Methods ◽

Journal Article ◽

The Body ◽

Confounding Bias ◽

Disease Research ◽

Infectious Disease Research ◽

First Choice ◽

Research Studies

Abstract Background Food animal veterinarians face commodity specific and urgent global challenges yet conditions preventing use of best available knowledge have been sparsely studied. The American Association of Swine Veterinarians (AASV) membership (N = 1289) was surveyed online to benchmark their information priorities and their motivations and sources for keeping current with infectious disease research, and to describe their reported time, skill, access, and process as barriers to knowledge translation (KT). Results Respondents (n = 80) were mostly from Canada (n = 40) and the U.S.A (n = 31) and demographics approximated the AASV’s. Colleagues are the first choice for information on difficult cases (49%, 95%CI: 38–61). Half of respondents (53%, 95%CI: 41–64) spend an hour or less per week keeping up with infectious disease research. The majority reported moderate or less than moderate efficiency (62%, 95%CI: 51–72), and moderate or greater stress (59%, 95%CI: 48–70) with their process for keeping up. Journal article methods sections are commonly not read, almost a third (32%, 95% CI: 22–43) reported either they do not evaluate statistical methods or that they had poor confidence to do so, and half (52, 95%CI: 41–63) could not explain ‘confounding bias’. Approximately half (55%, 95%CI: 41-69) with direct oversight of swine herds had full access to 2 or fewer academic journals. Approximately a third of respondents (34%, 95%CI: 24–46) selected only formats involving single research studies (either full text or summaries) as preferred reading materials for keeping current over expert summaries of the body of evidence. Conclusion KT barriers are considerable and a source of stress for many swine veterinarians. Sub-optimal efficiency with keeping up and low confidence to appraise aspects of research are concerns. Results are consistent with previous literature and illustrate need for improved KT infrastructure and for additional training in statistical methods and interpretation of primary research. Further evaluation is warranted of why approximately a third of veterinarians in this study, for the purpose of keeping up, preferentially choose to review individual research studies over choices that would include an expert summary of the body of evidence. Consideration of reasons for this preference will be important in the planning of KT infrastructure improvements.

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Towards a Conceptual Framework for Investigating Information Systems Success

International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management ◽

10.4018/ijcrmm.2017070103 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 31-53

Author(s):

Safaa Hussein

Keyword(s):

Information Systems ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Banking Sector ◽

The Body ◽

Future Research ◽

Information Systems Success ◽

Clear View ◽

Left Behind ◽

Body Of Knowledge ◽

Research Studies

Information Systems are widely used in the banking sector, as banks are information intensive. The investment in ISs by banking organizations will continue to increase for two reasons; everyone is using some kind of information systems in their day-to-day activities. Banking organizations cannot afford to be left behind technologically, since many customers are using these systems to manage their money, accounts and savings information. As the field of IS grows, the BIS literature did not mature to meet the needs of practice. One particular area that is in need for further exploration is the evaluation of IS currently in the banking sector. This paper develops a conceptual framework to examine the success of IS in the Egyptian BI. This adds value to the body of knowledge by investigating Information Systems Success. Depending on this investigation, researchers and scholars in the field of Information Systems can have a clear view to set their attitudes towards suitable future research studies which in turn contributes to the related accumulated knowledge in the field.

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A look at Mayan artificial cranial deformation practices: morphological and cultural aspects [RETRACTED]

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/2010.9.focus10200 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. E2 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Samuel Romero-Vargas ◽

José Luis Ruiz-Sandoval ◽

Arturo Sotomayor-González ◽

Rogelio Revuelta-Gutiérrez ◽

Miguel Angel Celis-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Frontal Bone ◽

The Body ◽

Morphological Alteration ◽

Human Beings ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

Cultural Phenomenon ◽

Different Types ◽

Anthropological Literature ◽

Different Cultures ◽

Over Time

Induced deformation of the cranial vault is one form of permanent alteration of the body that has been performed by human beings from the beginning of history as a way of differentiating from others. These procedures have been observed in different cultures, but were particularly widespread in Mesoamerica. The authors examined and reviewed the historical and anthropological literature of intentional deformation practices in Mayan culture. The Mayans performed different types of cranial deformations and used different techniques and instruments to deform children's heads. The most remarkable morphological alteration is seen in the flattening of the frontal bone. Some archeological investigations link deformation types with specific periods. This article provides a glance at the cultural environment of the Mayans and demonstrates the heterogeneity of this interesting cultural phenomenon, which has changed over time.

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Two bodies or one? Reconsidering the anthropological idea of dichotomization as the basic mechanism of cultural thought about the body

Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology ◽

10.21301/eap.v9i4.2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 849

Author(s):

Bojan Žikić

Keyword(s):

Human Body ◽

Basic Mechanism ◽

Frame Of Reference ◽

The Body ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

The Third ◽

Anthropological Research ◽

Different Types ◽

Two Bodies ◽

Traditional Communities

In contemporary anthropology there are two prevailing ideas on the ways in which the human body is culturally thought of: dualism and monism. The first idea is linked to Western societies, and the second is linked to traditional communities, which are the most frequent frame of reference for anthropological research, from the inception of the discipline up to contemporary times. The third, less prevalent idea suggests that there is no substantial difference between these different types of society, that all people, essentially, think about the body in a dualist way. The idea behind this paper is to set a basis for research which might come to show that, indeed, there is no substantial difference between ways in which people conceptualize the body and its cultural aspects in different societies, but that this is not the case because "we are all dualists", but because both dualist and monist cultural conceptualization of the body is contextual, and both of these can be found in societies and cultures which we signify as "modern" or "western".

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An Overview of Research in the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music

Voices A World Forum for Music Therapy ◽

10.15845/voices.v10i3.340 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Denise Elizabeth Grocke

Keyword(s):

Guided Imagery ◽

The Body ◽

Psychiatric Research ◽

Research Centre ◽

Original Form ◽

Guided Imagery And Music ◽

Client Group ◽

Bonny Method ◽

The Individual ◽

Research Studies

Parallel with the development of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM), Helen Bonny was also involved in research studies at the Baltimore Psychiatric Research Centre. This article follows the development of research studies in the Bonny Method of GIM from the 1970s to the present day. Some studies, particularly those focussing on medical conditions, utilize a quantitative framework in which measurement of variables is the cornerstone. Other studies have focussed on a qualitative paradigm where the focus is on the experience of participants receiving the Bonny Method of GIM. Further, many studies now use adaptations of the original form, either because the client group requires shorter programs, or different music, or because the therapist modifies GIM to provide a different experience to that of the individual 1.5+ hour session. These adaptations are also addressed in this article. Finally, researchers have explored the music used in the Bonny Method of GIM from different perspectives, either by analyzing the structure of the music, or measuring how the music effects imagery creation, or physiological measures of the body. What is evident from this overview of research is that many studies are done at Master’s and PhD level, or conducted by a team of researchers. There is great diversity in what has been researched to date, indicating that research will continue to be an important aspect of GIM practice.

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Effect of network embeddedness on innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises

Journal of Strategy and Management ◽

10.1108/jsma-07-2019-0126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 181-197

Author(s):

Courage Simon Kofi Dogbe ◽

Hongyun Tian ◽

Wisdom Wise Kwabla Pomegbe ◽

Sampson Ato Sarsah ◽

Charles Oduro Acheampong Otoo

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Transfer ◽

Multinational Enterprises ◽

The Body ◽

Innovation Performance ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Content Type ◽

Network Embeddedness ◽

Large Corporations ◽

The Relationship ◽

Research Studies

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify if network embeddedness and innovation performance relationship, which has been largely studied in multinational enterprises (MNEs) and large corporations, was also applicable in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Secondly, the authors also sought to identify the moderating role of innovation openness in the relationship between network embeddedness and SMEs' innovation performance.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical analysis was based on 388 SMEs in Ghana. Various validity and reliability checks were conducted before the presentation of the actual analysis, which was conducted using the structural equation modeling in Amos (v.23).FindingsFindings revealed that, in the context of SMEs, network embeddedness had significant positive effect on innovation performance. The authors further identified that SMEs with both high levels of network embeddedness and innovation openness had a much higher performance in their innovation, compared to SMEs that relied solely on network embeddedness.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study found innovation openness to further strengthen the relationship between network embeddedness and SMEs' innovation performance. The relationship between network embedded and SME's innovation could, however, be mediated by knowledge transfer mechanisms, so future studies should pay particular attention to the mediating mechanisms.Practical implicationsManagement of SMEs is advised to develop conducive organizational structures, such as trust, openness to collaboration and so on, for effective innovative knowledge transfer and transformation.Originality/valuePast research studies on network embeddedness and innovation performance have dominantly resided in MNE and large corporations. This current study extends the body of knowledge by extending the network embeddedness and innovation performance research studies to SME context.

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Eclecticism of Marketing: Strength or Weakness?

Management and Economics Research Journal ◽

10.18639/merj.2019.839005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Chukwunonso Oraedu ◽

Justin Nnabuko ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Marketing Research ◽

The Body ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Historical Survey ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Educational Values ◽

Body Of Knowledge ◽

Multidisciplinary Nature ◽

The Moment ◽

Research Studies

Marketing has evolved and emerged as a distinctive field of professional endeavor. Although there has been a considerable growth in its thoughts and theories, it still suffers from a lack of theoretical maturity. Scholars argue that as a young discipline there is still room for future exploration between its theory and practice. In an effort to expand the works of previous theorists and historians, this paper sets out to deepen the epistemology of marketing genealogy. Specifically, the paper offers clearer insights on the multidisciplinary nature of marketing, assesses whether this approach strengthens or weakens the influence of marketing as a field of knowledge, and finally explores the affiliate disciplines that dominate in marketing research studies at the moment. Using a broad review of the literature in the form of a historical survey, we traced cross-disciplinary exchanges of principles, concepts, and theories. The paper argues that the body of knowledge known as marketing evolved and emerged from different but interrelated fields. And it is this eclecticism approach that strengthens the foundation of marketing as a social, behavioral, and managerial field. This paper, therefore, offers strong educational values to inform teaching, enrich, acquaint, and/or update marketing students, theorists, and historians, and serve as a springboard for future debate.

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