Inner Prepuce Preserving ‘Bird-Winged Coronal-Collar Skin ReArrangement’ Modification of Tip Urethroplasty

Objective: To describe the ‘Bird-Winged Coronal-Collar Skin re-arrangement modification’ of the Tubularized Incised Plate (TIP) urethroplasty to preserve the inner preputial skin on the ventral surface of the penile shaft. Material and Method: Study Group: Prospective review of the results of a single surgeon with Bird-Winged Coronal-Collar skin re-arrangement modification of TIP urethroplasty (n=111; mean age 4.9 years) of distal (n=76) and mid-penile (n-35) hypospadias (mean follow-up 37 months). Control Group: Retrospective review of a single surgeon’s results of distal and mid-penile hypospadias repair with standard TIP urethroplasty (2007-11). Outcome parameters (to compare non-inferiority of the modified technique): Urethro-cutaneous fistula (UCF) at voiding trial and follow-up at 3 months, wound infection, complete dehiscence, local edema, meatal stenosis and quality of urinary stream. Statistical analysis was done with the Fischer Exact Test. Results: With this technique, the authors could provide an inner preputial cover on the ventral/ ventro-lateral aspects of distal penile shaft in all but one patient (complete dehiscence). The results of ‘bird-winged coronal-collar skin re-arrangement’ modification were not-inferior/ comparable to those of standard TIP urethroplasty. Conclusions: The modification is technically feasible and reproducible and the overall results of urethroplasty were not inferior to the standard TIPS procedure.

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Pengaruh Pembacaan dan Pemaknaan Ayat-ayat al-Qur’an terhadap Penurunan Kecemasan pada Santriwati

Psikohumaniora Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi ◽

10.21580/pjpp.v1i1.966 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Rela Mar'ati ◽

Moh. Toriqul Chaer

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Boarding School ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Group Design ◽

And Control

<div class="WordSection1">Abstract: Everyone has experienced anxiety at certain moments in his life. But if anxiety is excessive and left alone without proper treatment it will become maladaptive behaviors that harm and degrade the quality of life. This article aims to examine empirically the effect of reading and meaning of the verses of the Qur'an to the decrease anxiety of santriwati Ar Rohmah Aliyah Boarding School Ngawi. The hypothesis is reading and meaning of the verses of the Qur'an can reduce the level of anxiety in santriwati of Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al-Rohmah Ngawi. The number of subjects in this study 80 female students with purposive sampling technique. The research method used experimental design with pretest-posttest control group design. Based on the test results Mann Whitney U and Wilcoxon for pretest, posttest, and follow-up on the experimental and control groups was concluded that the reading and interpreting process of the verses of the Qur'an significantly to lowering anxiety levels of santriwati in Ar Rohmah Aliyah Boarding School Ngawi.Abstrak: Setiap orang pernah mengalami cemas pada saat-saat tertentu dalam hidupnya. Namun jika kecemasan ini berlebihan dan dibiarkan saja tanpa ada penanganan yang tepat maka akan menjadi perilaku yang maladaptif yang merugikan dan menurunkan kualitas hidup. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh pembacaan dan pemaknaan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an terhadap penurunan kecemasan santriwati Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Ar Rohmah. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah pembacaan dan pemaknaan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan santriwati Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Ar-Rohmah Ngawi. Jumlah subjek dalam penelitian ini 80 santriwati dengan tehnik purposive sampling. Metode penelitian menggunakan eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-posttes control group design. Berdasarkan hasil uji Mann u whitney dan Wilcoxon untuk pretest, posttest, dan follow up pada kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pembacaan dan pemaknaan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an signifikan untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan santriwati Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Ar Rohmah Ngawi.</div>

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Patients with recurrent syncope and implantable loop recorder exhibit better survival than the control group without implantable loop recorder

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3546 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

C Perings ◽

C Wolff ◽

A Wilk ◽

A Witthohn ◽

R Voss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

Control Group ◽

Funding Source ◽

Implantable Loop Recorder ◽

Loop Recorder ◽

Cardiac Device ◽

Unexplained Syncope ◽

Care Costs

Abstract Introduction In 30% of patients with syncope, the underlying cause remains unexplained after clinical investigations. Unexplained syncope tends to recur, significantly impacting patients' quality of life of patients and mortality. Thus, there is a need for timely and more accurate diagnosis to initiate treatment. Dedicated care pathways are recommended by ESC guidelines. Purpose Patients with recurrent syncope were followed over time and patient outcomes with ILR were compared to patients with the same syncope burden, age, gender and mortality risk score who did not receive an ILR. Method A representative database of 4.9 million patients insured by German company statuary health insurances (BKK) was analysed over a time period of 10 years, 2007–17. Patients with recurrent syncope (two times ICD-10 GM diagnosis codes R55), age between 45–84 and no diagnosis code for the syncope were included in the analysis and followed for at least 2 years. Patients with ILR were matched to patients without ILR based on age, gender and Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI) using mahalanobis distances. The index event was the device implant in the ILR group and the second syncope event in the control group. Life expectancy, syncope hospitalisations, fall related injuries, health care costs, diagnoses and treatment rates were compared between the groups. Results A total of 412 patients with ILR for recurrent unexplained syncope were matched to the control group. Overall mean age was 68, mean was CCI 2.7, 42% were females. The risk of death was 2.35 times higher in the control group during follow up as shown in Figure 1 (p-value logrank test <0.0001). Cardiovascular related diagnosis and treatment rates were higher in the ILR group with 69% of patients having a cardiology diagnosis compared to 41% in the control group. Over a quarter (27%) of ILR patients received an implantable cardiac device compared to 5% in the control group. Ablation rates were 7% in the ILR group compared to 0% in the control group. Median health care costs were € 3,847 higher in the ILR group including the costs of the ILR implant, follow up and higher rates of cardiac treatments. These extra costs appear moderate given the substantially higher mortality risk in the control group. Conclusion This study of patients with recurrent unexplained syncope shows a remarkable difference in life expectancy in patients with ILR compared to a matched control group. Two large claim data analysis have recently shown higher rates of cardiovascular death as well as all-cause mortality in patients with unexplained syncope. A more vigilant cardiac workup might be needed to identify a possible underlying cardiac condition. Higher rates of cardiac device therapy in the ILR group were likely to play an important role for their better life expectancy. Cardiac therapies such as pacemakers, defibrillators and ablation have also been shown to significantly improve patients' quality of life. Life Expectancy Comparison Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): The data analysis was funded by Medtronic

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A Comparison of the Effect of Two Types of Whole Body Vibration Platforms on Fibromyalgia. A Randomized Controlled Trial

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18063007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 3007

Author(s):

José Antonio Mingorance ◽

Pedro Montoya ◽

José García Vivas Miranda ◽

Inmaculada Riquelme

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Motor Function ◽

Whole Body Vibration ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Body Vibration ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Therapy Program

Whole body vibration has been proven to improve the health status of patients with fibromyalgia, providing an activation of the neuromuscular spindles, which are responsible for muscle contraction. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two types of whole body vibrating platforms (vertical and rotational) during a 12-week training program. Sixty fibromyalgia patients (90% were women) were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: group A (n = 20), who performed the vibration training with a vertical platform; group B (n = 20), who did rotational platform training; or a control group C (n = 20), who did not do any training. Sensitivity measures (pressure pain and vibration thresholds), quality of life (Quality of Life Index), motor function tasks (Berg Scale, six-minute walking test, isometric back muscle strength), and static and dynamic balance (Romberg test and gait analysis) were assessed before, immediately after, and three months after the therapy program. Although both types of vibration appeared to have beneficial effects with respect to the control group, the training was more effective with the rotational than with vertical platform in some parameters, such as vibration thresholds (p < 0.001), motor function tasks (p < 0.001), mediolateral sway (p < 0.001), and gait speed (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, improvements disappeared in the follow-up in both types of vibration. Our study points out greater benefits with the use of rotational rather than vertical whole body vibration. The use of the rotational modality is recommended in the standard therapy program for patients with fibromyalgia. Due to the fact that the positive effects of both types of vibration disappeared during the follow-up, continuous or intermittent use is recommended.

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Fatigue, mood and quality of life improve in MS patients after progressive resistance training

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458509360040 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 480-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 129

Author(s):

U. Dalgas ◽

E. Stenager ◽

J. Jakobsen ◽

T. Petersen ◽

HJ Hansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Beneficial Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Progressive Resistance Training ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

Progressive Resistance

Fatigue occurs in the majority of multiple sclerosis patients and therapeutic possibilities are few. Fatigue, mood and quality of life were studied in patients with multiple sclerosis following progressive resistance training leading to improvement of muscular strength and functional capacity. Fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale, FSS), mood (Major Depression Inventory, MDI) and quality of life (physical and mental component scores, PCS and MCS, of SF36) were scored at start, end and follow-up of a randomized controlled clinical trial of 12 weeks of progressive resistance training in moderately disabled (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS: 3—5.5) multiple sclerosis patients including a Control group ( n = 15) and an Exercise group ( n = 16). Fatigue (FSS > 4) was present in all patients. Scores of FSS, MDI, PCS—SF36 and MCS—SF36 were comparable at start of study in the two groups. Fatigue improved during exercise by —0.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) —1.4 to 0.4) a.u. vs. 0.1 (95% CI —0.4 to 0.6) a.u. in controls ( p = 0.04), mood improved by —2.4 (95% CI —4.1 to 0.7) a.u. vs. 1.1 (—1.2 to 3.4) a.u. in controls ( p = 0.01) and quality of life (PCS—SF36) improved by 3.5 (95% CI 1.4—5.7) a.u. vs. —1.0 (95% CI —3.4—1.4) a.u. in controls ( p = 0.01). The beneficial effect of progressive resistance training on all scores was maintained at follow-up after further 12 weeks. Fatigue, mood and quality of life all improved following progressive resistance training, the beneficial effect being maintained for at least 12 weeks after end of intervention.

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Intravesical prostaglandin e2 effectiveness in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubo-cervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Urogynaecologia ◽

10.4081/uij.2000.15 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. QUADRI ◽

N. NATALE ◽

C. SPREAFICO ◽

C. BELLONI ◽

D. BARISANI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostaglandin E2 ◽

Urinary Retention ◽

Study Groups ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Exact Test ◽

Student’S T ◽

Student’S T Test

Intravesical prostaglandin E2 is effective in the recovery of spontaneous voiding after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intravesical prostaglandin E2 in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. STUDY DESIGN: From November 1996 to June 1999 fifty women underwent the Lahodny procedure for moderate/severe cystocele and stress urinary incontinence. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study groups: intravesical prostaglandin E2 versus controls. Data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Two patients of the treatment group had to be excluded from the study, one because of the wrong measurement of the post-voidal residual volume and another due to a fastidious burning sensation which appeared immediately after prostaglandin instillation and required the suspension of the treatment. No other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or hyperthermia were observed. Patients who underwent the prostaglandin E2 treatment showed a recovery of spontaneous voiding after 7.9±6.7 days, whereas this interval was significantly longer in the control group, being 12.9±9.7 days (p=0.04, Two tailed Unpaired Student's T test). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and the low associated morbidity mark the treatment with intravesical prostaglandin E2 useful in the recovery of normal voiding after transvaginal pubocervical fascia reconstruction and short arm sling with the procedure according to Lahodny.

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Effectiveness of a Mobile Device–Based Resilience Training Program in Reducing Depressive Symptoms and Enhancing Resilience and Quality of Life in Parents of Children With Cancer: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.27639 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuanhui Luo ◽

Wei Xia ◽

Ankie Tan Cheung ◽

Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽

Jingping Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Training Program ◽

Mobile Device ◽

Well Being ◽

Control Group ◽

Children With Cancer ◽

Resilience Training ◽

Experimental Group

BACKGROUND Caring for children with cancer can be a stressful experience for parents and may have negative effects on their physical and psychological well-being. Although evidence has shown that resilience is associated with positive psychological well-being, few interventions have been specifically designed to enhance the resilience of parents of children with cancer. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a mobile device–based resilience training program in reducing depressive symptoms and enhancing resilience and quality of life (QoL) in parents of children with cancer. METHODS Parents of children diagnosed with cancer were recruited from the pediatric oncology wards of 3 tertiary hospitals in China. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (52/103, 50.5%) to undergo an 8-week mobile device–based resilience training program or to the control group (51/103, 49.5%) to receive an 8-week program of placebo information. The study outcomes included resilience, depressive symptoms, and QoL, as measured by the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the Self-Rating Depression Scale, and the Short Form of the 6-Dimension Health Survey, respectively. All data were collected at baseline and at 2 and 6 months of follow-up. The data analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle. A generalized estimating equation was used to examine the effects of the intervention. RESULTS The participants were mostly female (72/103, 69.9%), and their mean age was 33.6 (SD 5.2) years. The participants in the experimental group showed significantly higher levels of resilience (mean 67.96, SD 15.8 vs mean 58.27, SD 19.0; P<.001) and lower levels of depressive symptoms (mean 40.17, SD 9.9 vs mean 46.04, SD 10.9; P<.001) than those in the control group at 6 months of follow-up. The intervention showed statistically significant effects in improving resilience (β=6.082; P=.01) and decreasing depressive symptoms (β=−2.772; P=.04) relative to the control group. The QoL score in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group at 6 months of follow-up (mean 0.79, SD 0.2 vs mean 0.76, SD 0.3; P=.07); however, no statistically significant intervention effect was detected (β=.020; P=.38). CONCLUSIONS The mobile device–based resilience training program effectively enhanced resilience and alleviated depressive symptoms in parents of children with cancer. It is highly recommended that health care professionals incorporate this resilience training program when providing psychological care to parents of children with cancer. CLINICALTRIAL Clinical.Trials.gov NCT04038242; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04038242

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Effectiveness of a Mobile Device–Based Resilience Training Program in Reducing Depressive Symptoms and Enhancing Resilience and Quality of Life in Parents of Children With Cancer: Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/27639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

pp. e27639

Author(s):

Yuanhui Luo ◽

Wei Xia ◽

Ankie Tan Cheung ◽

Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽

Jingping Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Training Program ◽

Mobile Device ◽

Well Being ◽

Control Group ◽

Children With Cancer ◽

Resilience Training ◽

Experimental Group

Background Caring for children with cancer can be a stressful experience for parents and may have negative effects on their physical and psychological well-being. Although evidence has shown that resilience is associated with positive psychological well-being, few interventions have been specifically designed to enhance the resilience of parents of children with cancer. Objective The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a mobile device–based resilience training program in reducing depressive symptoms and enhancing resilience and quality of life (QoL) in parents of children with cancer. Methods Parents of children diagnosed with cancer were recruited from the pediatric oncology wards of 3 tertiary hospitals in China. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (52/103, 50.5%) to undergo an 8-week mobile device–based resilience training program or to the control group (51/103, 49.5%) to receive an 8-week program of placebo information. The study outcomes included resilience, depressive symptoms, and QoL, as measured by the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the Self-Rating Depression Scale, and the Short Form of the 6-Dimension Health Survey, respectively. All data were collected at baseline and at 2 and 6 months of follow-up. The data analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle. A generalized estimating equation was used to examine the effects of the intervention. Results The participants were mostly female (72/103, 69.9%), and their mean age was 33.6 (SD 5.2) years. The participants in the experimental group showed significantly higher levels of resilience (mean 67.96, SD 15.8 vs mean 58.27, SD 19.0; P<.001) and lower levels of depressive symptoms (mean 40.17, SD 9.9 vs mean 46.04, SD 10.9; P<.001) than those in the control group at 6 months of follow-up. The intervention showed statistically significant effects in improving resilience (β=6.082; P=.01) and decreasing depressive symptoms (β=−2.772; P=.04) relative to the control group. The QoL score in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group at 6 months of follow-up (mean 0.79, SD 0.2 vs mean 0.76, SD 0.3; P=.07); however, no statistically significant intervention effect was detected (β=.020; P=.38). Conclusions The mobile device–based resilience training program effectively enhanced resilience and alleviated depressive symptoms in parents of children with cancer. It is highly recommended that health care professionals incorporate this resilience training program when providing psychological care to parents of children with cancer. Trial Registration Clinical.Trials.gov NCT04038242; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04038242

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THIRTY-YEAR TRENDS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ LIFESTYLE AND QUALITY OF LIFE

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-5-534-539 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 534-539

Author(s):

Nadezhda Yu. Valkova ◽

E. V. Komarovskaya

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Test Results ◽

Exact Test ◽

State Medical Institute ◽

Regular Increase ◽

Bodies Of Water

Material and methods. Questionnaire survey for the estimation of the Quality of life was done in 796 students. 419 students of Arkhangelsk State Medical Institute were tested in 1979-1984, including 205 males and 214 females with an average age of 22.2; 203 students of higher educational institutions of Severodvinsk in 1998-2005 including 85 males and 118 females with average age of 18.7; 173 students of M.V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University (Arkhangelsk and Severodvinsk) including 85 males and 88 females with average age of 19.5. Meaningfulness of differences in studied indices is calculated using Fisher’s exact test. Results. The decline in quality of life and lifestyle indices (dissatisfaction with living conditions, food quality, summer holidays) in 1998-2005 is shown in comparison to 1979-1984 period; in 2014-2015 they significantly increased. Nevertheless, no more than half of the respondents (45%-34%-53%) characterize their diet as adequate and regular. Increase in adherence to healthy lifestyle in modern students is noted: relatively large amount of them regularly takes exercises (10%-13%-39%), toughens up (8%-4%-9%), swim a lot in natural bodies of water (20%-15%-23%), never consume alcohol (12% -13% -35% of males 30%-5%-30% of females). However the proportion of smoking students has increased compared to the first stage of research (57%-70%-65% of males and 6%-75%-53% of females), and the proportion of those toughening themselves up regularly doesn’t exceed 9%. An increase in the number of students with no chronic diseases is shown. More students have complaints about precardialgia while complaints about gastrointestinal dysfunction and headaches became less frequent. Majority of the students are satisfied with their lives. Almost half of the respondents noted good mood as a predominant one.

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Air Rebusan Seledri Menurunkan Tekanan Darah

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.33086/jhs.v6i2.38 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Wiwik Afridah ◽

Budi Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Elderly People ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Control Group ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Random Allocation ◽

Test Results ◽

Exact Test

The increasing elderly population will lead to problems such as health problems, one of which is hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of celery stew on blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension Hulaan Village District Menganti Gresik regency. This study uses a design Case control design with the aging population in the first level of hypertension by 12 people, with a large sample of elderly with hypertension entire first level is 12 people, and how to use the total sampling sampling and divided into 6 groups of 6 cases and the control group with random allocation techniques. Celery stew independent variables and the dependent variable blood pressure. The data was collected by means of measuring the blood pressure recorded recapitulation and analyzed using the Fisher exact test with α = 0.05. The research results obtained from 6 groups of cases that were given celery stew all experienced a decrease in blood pressure, whereas in the control group of 6 people who were not given celery stew is only 1 person that declined. Fisher Exact test results obtained ρ (0.015) <α (0.05), means that the research hypothesis is accepted ie no celery stew effect on blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension Hulaan Village District Menganti Gresik Regency. The conclusions of this study are no celery stew effect on blood pressure of elderly with hypertension. Hypertensive patients are expected to maintain your diet, multiply to consume fruits and vegetables that contain potassium, as well as a healthy lifestyle change.

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Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on Quality of Life (QOL) and Worry in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0202.021 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sheida Jabalameli ◽

Hamid Taher Neshat Doost ◽

Mohammad Bagher Kajbaf ◽

Hossein Molavi

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Control Group ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

The Mean ◽

Experimental Group

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders. It has been reported that psychological treatments like Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective for patients with GAD. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness of CBT on Quality of Life (QOL) and worry in patients with GAD. A sample of 30 patients with GAD who had been referred to psychiatry offices in Isfahan, Iran were selected and assigned into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15) randomly. The experimental group received CBT in 8 weekly sessions. All participants completed the World Health Organization Quality Of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) at pretest, posttest and follow up. The results of MANCOVA showed that the mean scores of QOL in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group at the posttest and follow up (P<0.05) and the mean scores of worry in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group at the posttest and follow up (P<0.05) It is concluded that CBT can be applied for the patients with GAD as a useful psychological treatment. In general, CBT can improve QOL and decrease worry in patients with GAD.

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