scholarly journals ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE RICE PRODUCTION WITH THE APPLICATION OF SUGARCANE INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Q. A. Raza ◽  
M. A. Bashir ◽  
A. Rehim ◽  
M. Z. Hye ◽  
Z. H. Tarar
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Input Control ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
By Products

Sugarcane industries generate a variety of by-products, which create disposal and environmental problems. The aim of current study was to find out the ways for utilization of these by-products in rice production. To elucidate this, a field trial was conducted at the research area (30.2°E; 71.5N°) of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan. The calcareous soil with high pH (8.6) and low organic matter (0.5%) was used with following treatments: no input control (CK), only chemical fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK; CF), NPK+ Sugarcane Bagasse (SB), NPK+ Press Mud (PM), NPK+ Sugarcane Vinasse (SV), NPK+SB+PM (SB+PM), NPK+SB+SV (SB+SV), NPK+PM+SV (PM+SV), NPK+SB+PM+SV (SB+PM+SV). The results showed that SB significantly increased the plant height (16.3%), panicle length (9.3%), paddy yield (213.1%), and straw yield (189. 9%). Nutrient uptake was also improved, SB enhanced TN (324.6%), while the SB+PM increased the total phosphorus (318.2%), and total potassium (163.7%) contents in grains. Likewise, agronomic nutrient use efficiency was enhanced in SB treatment for N (274.2%), P (81.4%), and K (378.5%). Maximum net profit and benefit-cost ratio was observed in SB (93925 rupees; 0.54), followed by PM (91150; 0.53), SB+PM (85338; 0.51), and minimum was in control (12400; 0.22), respectively. The study concludes, application of organic by-products (SB+PM) can increase rice productivity and farm income with environmental safety.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Rice Performance and Profitability with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Traditional Practices (TP) in Ziguinchor District, Senegal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Pierre C. C. DIEDHIOU ◽  
Antoine SAMBOU ◽  
Ousmane NDIAYE, NGor NDOUR ◽  
Seydou K. DIEDHIOU
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Benefit Cost

The "System of Rice Intensification"(SRI) represents a sustainable alternative to improve household yields and incomes. This study aimed to evaluate the yields and the profitability of the SRI and the Traditional Practices (TP) in Ziguinchor district, Senegal. A directed sampling based on criteria for selecting the system used and the cultivated varieties common to both systems was applied to collect the yield parameters and yields of paddy rice. Thus, 18 producers in the Badiate, Essyl, and Fanda sites were selected, nine per system and four 1 m2 yield squares were installed in each selected producer plot. A total of 72 yield squares, 36 per system, were installed, and an individual questionnaire was randomly administered to 55 producers using at least one of the systems to collect data on rice production and costs. The yield parameters including the number of fertile tillers per m2, the number of spikes, the weight of the 1000 grains are significantly higher (p<0.05) in the SRI including yield compared to the traditional system. Transplanting density and plant duration are higher in TP (26±5.6 plants/m2 and 26 days) than in SRI (16±0.4 plants/m2 and 16 days). The lower the transplanting density, the higher the yield parameters and the yield. The economic profitability, determined based on the benefit/cost ratio, is higher in SRI (1.5) than in TP (1.2). The SRI required a lot of technicality in its implementation and generated more cost of production. However, SRI was more productive and economically more profitable than the traditional system.

scholarly journals Soil Amendments and Rotation Effects on Soybean and Maize Growths and Soil Chemical Changes in Northern Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. L. Kanton ◽  
S. S. J. Buah ◽  
A. Larbi ◽  
A. M. Mohammed ◽  
J. K. Bidzakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
East Region ◽  
Continuous Maize ◽  
Upper East Region ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Benefit Cost

A four-year field trial was conducted at Bonia in the Upper East Region of Ghana to evaluate soybean-maize rotation amendment systems. The treatments included soybean without amendment, inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with fertisol, inoculated soybean with phosphorus and potassium (P, K), inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, inoculated soybean with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N, P, K), and continuous maize. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Inoculation negatively affected yields by 2% and 14% in 2013 and 2015, respectively. Soil amendments with P, K or N, P, K increased yields within 45–51%, fertisol increased by 95%, and integration of P, K and fertisol recorded 76% increment of inoculated soybean. Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively. Maize after inoculated soybean with fertisol and maize after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol consistently scored higher benefit-cost ratio across the two years of experimentation. Thus, the two systems are conceivable for recommendation to the farmers in northern Ghana.

scholarly journals Dynamics of rice sub-sector in Nepal: Research investment, production, and supply chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-188
Author(s):  
Rajendra Pandit ◽  
Durga Devkota ◽  
Naba R. Devkota ◽  
Prakash C. Bhattarai ◽  
Hari K. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Technology Generation ◽  
Research Investment

Abstract. Rice is a major cereal crop that ensures food security and rural income generation in Nepal. The objectives of this study were to analyse the dynamics of the rice sub-sector from the perspective of production, research investment, and supply chain as expected outcomes are not yet achieved in spite of continuity in priority for research and production investment. Accordingly, this study was done by using secondary data covering 2000 to 2018 combined with a case study. For the case study, Morang, the district with the highest rice production was chosen. A random sample of 144 supply chain actors in which 100 rice producers, 10 collectors, 10 wholesalers, 7 millers, and 17 retailers were chosen from the list of the targeted population in each category. Findings revealed that rice production, productivity, and research investment were increasing at the rate of 1.25, 1.65, and 10.57 percent per annum, respectively. There was a strong positive link between research investment and production. Millers were the main value-adding actor. They have been getting the highest profit margin (31.5%) based on investing more (46.51%) in value-added activities. In contrast, farmers received a relatively low-profit margin (13.9%) with a 1.26 benefit-cost ratio. This was mainly due to the low adoption of improved production technology and weak horizontal coordination of rice producers. The percentage of food surplus households has increased, mainly due to the adoption of rice technologies generated by rice research programs, but this has not well reflected in terms of getting more profit margin by the rice-producing farmers. On the other hand, the research investment in rice was not consistent, and even not adequate for the required technology generation. Therefore, an increased investment could enhance the efficiency of generating technology packages, and implementation of effective extension services targeting the rice-growing farmers through increasing total factor productivity is crucial to increase the profit margin of rice producers. Moreover, with strengthened horizontal coordination among the major actors and with the increased investment in value-added activities in each stage of the supply chain based on consumer demand, increased profit margin for making the rice supply chain sustainable.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI DAN TINGKAT PENDAPATAN USAHATANI PADI SAWAH PESERTA UPSUS PAJALE DI KECAMATAN GADINGREJO KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Kresnalia Astasari ◽  
Wan Abbas Zakaria ◽  
Irwan Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Interval Data ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Farmer Participation ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Planting Season

The objectives of the research were to analyze the participation of farmers in the Upsus Program, to analyze the factors that affect rice production, and to analyze the income level of lowland rice farming in Gadingrejo Sub District, Pringsewu District. The research was conducted in March-April 2019. The analysis of farmerparticipation in the Upsus Pajale program using scoring technique which were processed into interval data with Methode of Succesive Interval. Factors that affecting rice production were analyzed using the Cobb Doughlass production function, and analysis of farm income using a comparison between total revenues and total costs, called Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C). The results of this study were farmers' participation in the Upsus Pajale program was in the middle class, the factors that affect the rice production of lowland rice farming, namely land area, amount of phonska fertilizer, pesticide and farmer participation. Income from cash costs obtained by farmers amounted to Rp18,116,478.41 with R/C of 6,23/0,73 ha/planting season and income to total costs amounted to Rp16,184,879.44 with an R/C of 4,00/0,73 ha/planting season.Keywords: factors, income, production, rice paddy

Effect of nitrogen application to intercrops on yield, competition, nutrient use efficiency and economics in potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) + French bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) system in north-western hills of India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Dua ◽  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
M. K. Jatav
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
N Dose ◽  
North Western

The present study was carried out at Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla for three years to work out the nitrogen requirement of french bean and competition in potato + french bean (1:1) intercropping system. Application of 100% N to French bean, gave 29% higher pod yield than sole cropping, on area basis, however, the mean yield of french bean pods with 100% N was statistically at par with that under 50% N and significantly higher over 0 or 25% N. Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) values were >1 at all N levels to French bean, the highest being 1.296 with 100% of N to french bean. The relative crowding coefficient (RCC) values of both the crops were more than one indicating that both the crops produced greater than ‘expected’ yields under intercropping, however, the aggressivity values indicated that french bean was a dominant species whereas potato was dominated species in intercropping, irrespective of N dose to french bean i.e. the extent of proportionate yield increase of french bean was more than potato in intercropping. The competition ratio also showed that french bean was more competitive than potato when fertilized properly. There was a positive mean balance of NPK and 36-68% of applied N, 64-74% of applied P and 44-77% of applied K was left as residual fertility under various intercropping treatments. Intercropping also gave higher net returns (Rs. 69 to 82 thousand/ha) and benefit:-cost ratio (2.43 to 2.66) than sole cropping of either of the crop. It can be concluded from the study that in potato + French bean (1:1) intercropping in north- western hills, N dose to french bean can be reduced by 50% without impairing soil health in terms of NPK balance.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic analysis of hydroponic fodder production in selected areas of Bangladesh: prospects and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Uddin ◽  
AR Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Analysis ◽  
Fodder Production

The study was conducted to assess the prospects and challenges of hydroponic fodder production in Bangladesh. A total of 40 farmers were selected purposively from Kishoregonj and Jashore districts as sample for the study. A combination of descriptive, mathematical and statistical techniques was used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that average household and farm size of the farmers were 5.0 persons and 0.48 hectare, respectively. Average annual income of the farmers was Tk. 92312, of which 56.1% income was from farming activities and 43.9% income was from non-farming activities. Majority of the technology adopting farmers (35.8% farmers) were within the late majority group. Profitability analysis showed that net return and benefit cost ratio of hydroponic fodder production were Tk. 5400 per decimal and 1.82, respectively. Farm size, farming experience, training and extension contact had significant impact on farmers’ adoption of hydroponic fodder production technology. Nutritional quality of fodder, high installation cost, medicinal value for human consumption and sensitivity to temperature were the major strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of hydroponic fodder, respectively. This fodder production technology is sustainable from the perspectives of energy use, environmental safety, economic viability and social/political equity. The study recommended that input support (especially seed), motivation, training programmes and extension services by different government and non-government organizations should be properly organized and implemented in town and water logging areas to raise the farmers’ awareness for the adoption of hydroponic fodder production technology.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 233-247 (2018)

scholarly journals Assessment of Technical Efficiency of Inbred HYV and Hybrid Rice Cultivation at Farm Level

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Salam ◽  
MAB Siddique ◽  
J Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Significant Difference

This study is very important in the present perspective of rice economy as  comparative economics of inbred HYVs and hybrid rice production was very  scanty. As such, the present study was conducted to examine the relative  productivity, profitability, and comparative technical efficiency of inbred HYVs  and hybrid rice production in some selected areas of Gazipur district. The study  was conducted in four villages in Sadar Upzila under Gazipur district, namely  Kesurita, Martarchar, Harinal, and Samantapur. A total of 80 farmers from the  four villages were interviewed consisting of 40 farmers for hybrid and 40 for  inbred HYVs rice. Data were generated by personal interview using structured  questionnaire through conducting farm level survey. The analysis revealed  that there was no significant difference between farmers’ practices and  recommended rate of hybrid seed, TSP, and MP. But the farmers used  urea and seed of inbred HYVs significantly higher than recommend  rate. Hybrid farms incurred total cost of Tk. 63377/ha and inbred farms  incurred Tk. 61195/ha, respectively. Net returns obtained from hybrid rice was  Tk. 59,056/ha whereas it was Tk. 42,818/ha for inbred HYVs rice. Average net  return of inbred rice was 38% lower compared to that of hybrid rice.  Benefit cost ratio of inbred and hybrid production was estimated to be  1.93 and 1.70, respectively. The average yield of inbred HYV was 6.03 t/ha and  by product was 4.50 t/ha, while those of hybrid were 7.76 t/ha and 5.50 t/ha,  respectively. The estimates of technical inefficiency implied that education,  farming experience, extension contact, land type, seedling age, and number of  seedlings per hill were the major determinants of inefficiency for both inbred  and hybrid rice growers. The mean technical efficiency was about 80% for  inbred and 86% for hybrid rice producers, respectively, indicating hybrid rice  growers were technically more efficient than inbred growers. Higher-level of  education and more contact with extension agents were found to contribute in  reducing technical inefficiency of both inbred and hybrid rice producers.  Although, inbred and hybrid rice producers faced some problems, but it was  more severe for hybrid DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i2.11225 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(2): 235-250, June 2012  

scholarly journals ECONOMICS OF CATFISH PRODUCTION IN EKEREMOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-105
Author(s):  
Godfrey Onuwa ◽  
Bassey Emmanuel ◽  
Victor Fatoke ◽  
Ubana Eshimutu ◽  
Grace Owa
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Returns On Investment

Catfish farmers are facing new barriers in both their production and returns on investment. Despite its potentials, the level of fish production has failed to meet domestic demand. This study aims to analyze the determinants of catfish production so as to boost the level of farm productivity and profitability. Random sampling techniques were employed in selecting the respondents for this study. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques and multiple regression analysis were the analytical techniques employed. The results indicated that most (58.3%) were within the age bracket of 20-39 years; 63.3% were male; most (75%) used organic fertilizer; 45% had no access to credit; most (75%) had formal education; 83.3% used earthen ponds; 83.3% were married; most (58.3%) had household population of 1-5 people; 66.7% had farming experience of 1-5 years; 75% hired labour; 91.7% had no access to extension contact; 58.3% had pond size of 1-400 sqm and most (58.3%) had stocking density of 1001-2000 fingerlings. The net farm income was ₦433,000/400sqm. Also, the estimated fixed and operating ratios were 0.43 and 0.67 respectively, while the benefit- cost ratio was 1.67. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) was 0.839, hence 84% variation in the output is attributable to variables included in the regression model. Furthermore, the constraints identified affected catfish production in the study area. However, improved access and supply of feeds, credit, technology, market linkages, extension services, input subsidy, cooperative formation and training are strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Approaches of Nutrient Application on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, Nutrient use Efficiency and Economics of Carrot

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
N. Bhavya ◽  
P. K. Basavaraja ◽  
H. Mohamed Saqeebulla ◽  
G. V. Gangamrutha
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Absolute Control

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2017 at Devanahalli village, Bengaluru rural district of Karnataka to evaluate the effect of different approaches of nutrient application on yield,  nutrient uptake and use efficiency by carrot (Daucus carota L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design replicated thrice with eight treatments comprisingT1 (STCR target 20 tha-1  through inorganics), T2 (STCR target 20 tha-1  through integrated), T3 (STCR target 25 tha-1  through inorganics), T4 (STCR target 25 tha-1  through integrated), T5 (RDF (75: 63: 50) N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1+ FYM), T6 (LMH /STL + FYM), T7 (Farmers practice (92.6:159:0) N, P2O5 kg ha-1 + FYM), T8 (Absolute control).Results revealed that significantly higher root (27.51 t ha-1)  and shoot (16.48 t ha-1) yield were recorded in STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through   integrated approach. Similarly, higher total uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium  (297.07 kg, 57.48 kg and 253.81 kg ha-1, respectively) by carrot and the higher apparent recovery   efficiency (0.35, 0.08 and 0.58 kg kg-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively) and agronomic nutrient use efficiency (26.10, 12.37 and 48.25 kg kg-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively) were recorded in the same STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through integrated approach. However, the better profit was recorded (value cost ratio: 43.30) in STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through inorganics. The STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through integrated approach had the most positive effect for the carrot cultivation.

scholarly journals Estimation of Production Function of Hiunde (Boro) Rice

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB Bhujel ◽  
SP Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Boro Rice

Hiunde (Boro) rice has not been popularized due to least attention given to this crop in Nepal. Inorder to estimate the production function of this crop, a field survey in Morang district during2002/2003 was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire. The primary information wascollected through face to face interview. The result of the empirical model of Cobb-Douglasproduction function revealed the model significant at 1% level and defined 95% variation inHiunde rice production due to variation in independent variables included in the model. Thecoefficient of area, nitrogen, phosphorous, and tractor hour were found significant at 1% levelwhile the dummy for more than 10 times of irrigation was significant at 5% level and up to 10times of irrigation and potash was significant at 10% level. The effect of human and bullocklabor was found non-significant. Among the sampled farmers the average cropping intensity was194% and average yield of Hiunde rice was 4802.50 kg/ha. On an average 131 kg of nitrogen,phosphorous and potash was applied for one ha and 15 irrigations in average. The net benefitfrom Hiunde rice was found to be Rs. 14507.41/ha with 1.73 benefit cost ratio. About 31% costwas incurred in land preparation and transplanting which was highest among the operations. Itwas followed by the costs incurred in fertilizers and agrochemicals which counted 23%.Key words: Estimate; Hiunde rice; production functionDOI: 10.3126/narj.v7i0.1874Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol.7 2006 pp.88-97

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