scholarly journals A miRNA-Peptide Fusion as a Vaccine Candidate Against the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). Exosomes as Potential Biomarkers of SARS-Cov-2 in Lung: After and Before Vaccination LCR_2020_b008-13

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Preventive Vaccine ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cancer Diseases

A new coronavirus named Covid-19 was reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The first time these cases were published they were classified as “pneumonia of unknown etiology”. The etiology of this illness is now attributed to a novel virus belonging to the coronavirus (CoV) family, COVID-19. Different from both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, 2019-nCoV it is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses to infect humans. We have designed a preventive vaccine in Silico aimed to protect against Covid-19 infection and transmission. Our analysis identified 16 microRNA (miRNA) with theorical Exosome Affinity (EA) with peptide among 85.44-92.84 range. According to antiviral monitoring after and before vaccination using the candidate miRNA-peptide number 13 (LCR_2020_B008-13) with value EA=92.84 Ro. We proposed the exosomes as biomarkers of SARS-Covid-2 in lung: after and before vaccination. Due to, the miRNA-peptides, in Silico, manifesting highly affinity with exosomes, where our chimera LCR_2020_B008-13 could reach a representative activity against the Covid-19 virogenes due to “exosome sequestering”; and also, the treatment of cancer diseases due to “podosome depletion” in metastasis stage.

scholarly journals The Mathematical Formula to Estimate the Exosome Affinity Between miRNA-Peptide and Exosome: ALGORITHM “CRUZRODRIGUEZ (EA)”

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Preventive Vaccine ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Cancer Diseases

The new coronavirus, formed a clade within the subgenus Orthocoronavirinae, sarbecovirus subfamily. The first time these cases were published they were classified as “pneumonia of unknown etiology.” The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and local CDCs organized an intensive outbreak investigation program. The etiology of this illness is now attributed to a novel virus belonging to the coronavirus (CoV) family, Covid-19. The pandemic caused by a novel virus strain Covid-19, approaches 7,734,000 cases with 429,000 fatalities in 215 countries worldwide. Moreover, a solid second wave in some countries, in cases exceeding the first, ensures that from the clinical range details of the disease, new diagnostics, prevention and treatment strategies remain in the process of development. Unfortunately, for future epidemics insufficient research leading up to purported species-species viral transmission (VT) is disastrous. We have designed a preventive vaccine in Silico aimed to protect against Covid-19 infection and transmission. Our analysis identified 16 microRNA (miRNA) with theorical Exosome Affinity (EA) with peptide among 85.44-92.84 “Ro” range. Due to, the miRNA-peptides, in Silico, manifesting highly affinity with exosomes, ours 16 chimeras could reach a representative activity against the virogenes and cancer disease due to “exosome sequestering” and also, the treatment of cancer diseases due to “podosome depletion” in metastasis stage.

scholarly journals A miRNA-PEPTIDE FUSION AS A VACCINE CANDIDATEAGAINST THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Inhibiting Activity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Antiviral Action ◽  
Preventive Vaccine ◽  
Immune Factor ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

A new coronavirus named COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The COVID-19 epidemic is spreading rapidly all over the world, (Sun P. and col, 2020). Based on published data on COVID-19, we have designed a preventive vaccine in Silico aimed to protect against COVID-19 infection and transmission (Cascella M. and col, 2020). One aim of this is to better understand potential dormant repositories of outbreaks and potential spread of those repositories, together with potential geogenic terrain factors (Wang Z., 2019). Here, we present to the miRNA-peptide fusion more stable as antiviral (Waterhouse A. and col 2018). As RNA target we used primers from Kemp V. “miRNA repertoire and host immune factor regulation upon avian coronavirus infection in eggs”: primers Biolegio, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (Kemp V. and col, 2019). Our analysis identified a miRNA-peptide with theorical fusion value stability FS=64.28, to treat COVID-19, named LCR_2020_B008-1. Additionally, peptide LCR_2020_B008 can be used in solutions as disinfectant and antiviral, having a fast-hygienic utility to avoid contagion or the propagation of the Covid-19 disease. With respect to antiviral action, the candidate manifests LCR_2020_B008-1, in Silico, manifesting partial inhibiting activity on the VIH-1, and therefore readjustments on this chimera miRNA-peptide could reach a representative antiviral activity against the VIH-1.

scholarly journals Analysis of COVID-19 Spike protein mutations and their effects on its affinity towards human cell receptors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abir Elbeji
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Host Recognition ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Positive Polarity ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract The novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) is a member of the family Coronaviridae and contains a single-stranded RNA genome with positive-polarity. In order to reveal the evolution mechanism of the SARS-CoV2 genome, in particular its spike protein; the main driving force for host recognition, we conducted a comparative analysis with Coronaviruses of different strains, including MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV1 and Pangolin Coronavirus. In addition, a comparative analysis between the newly sequenced SARS-CoV2 from different regions of the world has been carried out in order to understand the evolution of this novel virus throughout its transmission. Among all sequenced strains, the latest France HCoV was the least identical to the reference. Further investigations have therefore been performed and it has been concluded that this strain has undergone mutations which have increased its binding affinity to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, thus hypothetically increasing its infectivity.

scholarly journals Perspectives on COVID-19 therapies: conflicts and consensus

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e85997019
Author(s):  
Kaline Romeiro ◽  
Régida Cléa da Silva Batista ◽  
Luciana Gominho ◽  
Caio Vinícius Batista de Arruda ◽  
Antonio Carlos Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Persistent Fever ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The chronology of COVID-19 infections shows us that the first cases were reported in December 2019. A number of patients were admitted to hospitals with a respiratory disease of an unknown etiology in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The patients presented symptoms such as coughing, persistent fever, sore throat and pneumonia. The respiratory infection situation got worse rapidly and had a very fast spread. Soon after, it was reported that the causing agent of the disease had been confirmed as the novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, of the family Coronaviridae in the order Nidovirales. On January 7, 2020, the disease was named as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Chloroquine (CQ), Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), Remdesivir, Heparin, Convalescent Plasma, Corticosteroid, Anticoagulants, Lopinavir, Ritonavir, Ivermectin and Nitazoxanide are some of the drugs on the market that are being tested to combat COVID-19. The purpose of this literature review is to analyze studies regarding the healing potential of these drugs for COVID-19.  Some researchers about the effectiveness of these medications, the success rate on viral diseases and its action potential by different mechanisms. Thus, given the researches analyzed in this study, it was evident for most authors that these drugs are promising treatments for COVID-19, while the vaccine is not manufactured and available.

Buried Narratives: Exhuming the Mother's Story in Oliver Twist

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-266
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Poor Law ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Law ◽  
First Time ◽  
Critical Consideration

Initially, Oliver Twist (1839) might seem representative of the archetypal male social plot, following an orphan and finding him a place by discovering the father and settling the boy within his inheritance. But Agnes Fleming haunts this narrative, undoing its neat, linear transmission. This reconsideration of maternal inheritance and plot in the novel occurs against the backdrop of legal and social change. I extend the critical consideration of the novel's relationship to the New Poor Law by thinking about its reflection on the bastardy clauses. And here, of course, is where the mother enters. Under the bastardy clauses, the responsibility for economic maintenance of bastard children was, for the first time, legally assigned to the mother, relieving the father of any and all obligation. Oliver Twist manages to critique the bastardy clauses for their release of the father, while simultaneously embracing the placement of the mother at the head of the family line. Both Oliver and the novel thus suggest that it is the mother's story that matters, her name through which we find our own. And by containing both plots – that of the father and the mother – Oliver Twist reveals the violence implicit in traditional modes of inheritance in the novel and under the law.

The Antiviral and Antimalarial Drug Repurposing in Quest of Chemotherapeutics to Combat COVID-19 Utilizing Structure-Based Molecular Docking

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisir Nandi ◽  
Mohit Kumar ◽  
Mridula Saxena ◽  
Anil Kumar Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
The Novel ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
In Silico Molecular Docking

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a new strain (SARS-CoV-2) erupted in 2019. Nowadays, it is a great threat that claims uncountable lives worldwide. There is no specific chemotherapeutics developed yet to combat COVID-19. Therefore, scientists have been devoted in the quest of the medicine that can cure COVID- 19. Objective: Existing antivirals such as ASC09/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir with or without umifenovir in combination with antimalarial chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine have been repurposed to fight the current coronavirus epidemic. But exact biochemical mechanisms of these drugs towards COVID-19 have not been discovered to date. Method: In-silico molecular docking can predict the mode of binding to sort out the existing chemotherapeutics having a potential affinity towards inhibition of the COVID-19 target. An attempt has been made in the present work to carry out docking analyses of 34 drugs including antivirals and antimalarials to explain explicitly the mode of interactions of these ligands towards the COVID-19protease target. Results: 13 compounds having good binding affinity have been predicted towards protease binding inhibition of COVID-19. Conclusion: Our in silico docking results have been confirmed by current reports from clinical settings through the citation of suitable experimental in vitro data available in the published literature.

scholarly journals COVID 19 Dawn from Wuhan: “The Number Game”

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-568
Author(s):  
Sumit Chawla ◽  
Harinder Singh ◽  
Bharti Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Novel Virus

On 31st December 2019, China informed local WHO office of "cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology detected in Wuhan. As of 6th May 2020, there are nearly 3.6 million cases of corona virus infection and approximately 0.25 million deaths worldwide. The real-time data regarding the actual number of cases, as it originates from the epicenter is the key to the estimation of the case fatality rate, hospitalization rates, expected timeline of arrival of contagion, and other epidemiological data. The novel virus has no available literature pertaining to its epidemiological parameters, on which experts can base their estimates and hence the challenge in planning for epidemic management. Bolstering this challenge are the reports alleging under-reporting by Chinese authorities. Alleged toned down numbers could have led to erroneously low estimates contributing to inadequate public health response globally. We conducted a simulation on epidemiological model of COVID-19 to find out expected time off arrival of infections and mortality in different countries and compared this to actual data.

scholarly journals PLOT ELEMENTS AND MOTIVES OF THE NOVEL “CHEVENGUR” IN PLATONOV’S SHORT STORY “POTUDAN RIVER”

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
N. Mikhaylovna Malygina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Love Story ◽  
Planetary Scale ◽  
The Family ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Eugene Onegin ◽  
Intertextual Connections ◽  
First Time

The relevance of the article is determined by the researcher of the semantic poetics of Platonov’s story “Potudan River”. We carry out an analytical review of the lifetime criticism and articles of modern researchers about the story, on the basis of which we formulate the purpose of the study, due to the need for a new approach to the interpretation of the work and the identification of the principles of its poetics. The novelty of the article is determined by the identification of the multilayered symbolism of the title of the story, which allows to establish the insufficiency of the conclusions that the content of the “Potudan River” is limited to the family theme. At the level of micropoetics we reveal symbolic details that connect the content of the story with the motive of love for the distant, medical and construction subjects and revealing the planetary scale of the author’s thinking. For the first time, it was established that Platonov’s story “Potudan River” was written based on part of the plot of the novel “Chevengur” – the love story of Alexander Dvanov and Sonya Mandrova. We show that the heroes of the story “Potudan River” Nikita Firsov, Lyuba Kuznetsova and Nikita’s father are doubles of the characters in the novel “Chevengur” by Sasha Dvanov, Sonya Mandrova, and Zakhar Pavlovich. The connection of the image of Lyuba with the archetype of the bride is considered. The paper reveals for the first time the intertextual connections of the story “Potudan River” with the poem “The Bronze Horseman” and the novel in verse “Eugene Onegin” by A. Pushkin, in the texts of which the writer found material for modeling the ordinary fate of the hero. Multi-level connections of the content of the story “Potudan River” with Platonov’s artistic world, which is a complete metatext, are found, which opens up new opportunities for determining the role of the editing technique and the principles of returning to the plots and motives of the works of the 1920s, as well as their transformation in the writer’s work of the 1930s.

In Silico Approaches for Novel Drug Discovery Against Coronavirus by Employing the Hybrid Molecular Technique: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Noor ul Amin Mohsin ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Aamir
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hybrid Molecules ◽  
The World ◽  
Being There ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Day By Day

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is causing havoc all around the world. The number of active cases and deaths is increasing day by day. The novel coronavirus (CoV) is the causative agent of this disease. For the time being, there is no specific antiviral agent for the cure of COVID-19. A variety of drugs are being repurposed to counteract this disease. Scientists all over the world are striving to get some ideal molecules against this pandemic. Some hybrid molecules have been designed by coupling the privileged scaffolds of known antiviral and antimalarial drugs. This review deals with the hybrid molecules that have been designed and evaluated against the known targets of CoV by in silico techniques.

The Study of Traditional Medicine for the Treatment of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
pp. 221-241
Author(s):  
Ranjit Barua ◽  
Sudipto Datta ◽  
Pallab Datta ◽  
Amit Roy Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Respiratory Condition ◽  
Immune Modulators ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Family ◽  
Preclinical Trials ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus communicable disease affected by serious acute respiratory condition coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which goes to the family of coronavirus. December 2019, in Wuhan, China, the first case of novel coronavirus was reported, and this widespread virus globally became a pandemic. Various studies show that drug applicants are used as antivirals or immune modulators. Yet, the outcome of this examination reported the drug applicants were not ominously operative in contrast to the infection. In the interim, it's believed that taking herbal immune-modulators can avoid and/or resist COVID-19. Unluckily, definite clinical and preclinical trials to assess the special herbal immune regulators' effects have not been directed. Specific natural elements might be actual for treating COVID-19 built on universal thoughts from former tests. Though there are no exact anti-COVID-19 medicines as well as a drugs until now, the use of traditional medicine and epidemiology of novel coronavirus disease will be discussed for COVID-19 treatment.

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