scholarly journals Eye and its health from the viewpoint of Traditional Iranian Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Jamshid Shayanfar ◽  
Hassan Ghasemi ◽  
Seyed Saeed Esmaili ◽  
Fatemeh Alijaniha ◽  
Ali Davati
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Health Lifestyle ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Traditional Iranian Medicine

Background: Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) pays special attention to the prevention of diseases rather than their treatment. The six considerations of maintaining health and prevention from diseases are also apply to the eye in TIM. Objective: This study aims to assess the relationship between essential lifestyle and eye health and preventive factors of ocular diseases in TIM. Methods: In this library-based study, primarily the standpoints of ancient Iranian physicians on the effect of lifestyle concerning the eye health were extracted from 4 sources including Al-Qanun fi at-Teb, Al-Havi fi at-Teb, AL-mujaz fi at-Teb and Akbari’s Teb about food and drinks, climatic conditions and environment, physical activities and rest, sleep and wakefulness, evacuation and retention, and psychological states; Then some of these factors were compared to new literature. Diseases of other organs effective on ocular health were also investigated.  The findings were compared with modern medicine in medical literature such as PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results: Some of the most effective factors on the eye health from the TIM point of view are foods and drinks, sleep, weather conditions, paying attention to evacuation and retention, psychological conditions, physical activities and rest and also stomach health. Conclusion: Correct lifestyle and improving the general health play important role in eye health. Lifestyle modification decrease the risk of developing near-sightedness, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and cataract. More clinical studies should be performed to collaborate the role of all components of the six principles of health maintenance on eye health.  

scholarly journals Carotenoid Profiling of Orange-Coloured Capsicums: In Search of High-Zeaxanthin Varieties for Eye Health

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Rimjhim Agarwal ◽  
Hung T. Hong ◽  
Alice Hayward ◽  
Stephen Harper ◽  
Neena Mitter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Daily Dietary Intake ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rate Of Progression ◽  
Red Capsicum

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries, such as Australia. Lutein and zeaxanthin are the only two carotenoids found in the macular region of the eye. Studies have shown that an intake of 10 mg and 2 mg per day of lutein and zeaxanthin, respectively, can reduce the rate of progression of AMD. The supply of these carotenoids can only be met through dietary sources or supplements, as these compounds cannot be synthesised by humans. Although lutein is relatively abundant in dietary sources, zeaxanthin has limited sources. In this study, eight orange and three red capsicum varieties were analysed for their carotenoid profiles by UHPLC-DAD-APCI-MS. It was observed that the principal carotenoid for seven of the orange varieties was zeaxanthin, and capsanthin for the three red varieties. One orange variety, which had a darker orange hue, had capsanthin and violaxanthin as its principal carotenoids instead of zeaxanthin. Zeaxanthin concentration (the principal carotenoid) in the seven orange varieties varied from 2.6 ± 0.5 mg/100 g to 25.27 ± 9.4 mg/100 FW, suggesting that as little as 7 g of the high-zeaxanthin line could meet the recommended daily dietary intake of 2 mg/person/day.

scholarly journals Suppression of AMD-Like Pathology by Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 Is Associated with a Decrease in the Accumulation of Amyloid β and in mTOR Activity

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Muraleva ◽  
Oyuna S. Kozhevnikova ◽  
Anzhela Z. Fursova ◽  
Nataliya G. Kolosova
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible visual impairment and blindness in developed countries, and the molecular pathogenesis of AMD is poorly understood. Recent studies strongly indicate that amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation —found in the brain and a defining feature of Alzheimer’s disease—also forms in the retina in both Alzheimer’s disease and AMD. The reason why highly neurotoxic proteins of consistently aggregate in the aging retina, and to what extent they contribute to AMD, remains to be fully addressed. Nonetheless, the hypothesis that Aβ is a therapeutic target in AMD is debated. Here, we showed that long-term treatment with SkQ1 (250 nmol/[kg body weight] daily from the age of 1.5 to 22 months) suppressed the development of AMD-like pathology in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats by reducing the level of Aβ and suppressing the activity of mTOR in the retina. Inhibition of mTOR signaling activity, which plays key roles in aging and age-related diseases, can be considered a new mechanism of the prophylactic effect of SkQ1. It seems probable that dietary supplementation with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 can be a good prevention strategy to maintain eye health and possibly a treatment of AMD.

scholarly journals Pattern of eye diseases among participants of free eye screening program in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Emem G. Abraham ◽  
Emmanuel O. Megbelayin
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related

Background: Vision screening can help discover some problems hitherto unknown to the patient but it is also a fact that many other disease conditions may also be missed during screening depending on the qualification and skill of those carrying out the test and the available instruments for screening. Eye diseases differ from country to country and even within the same country from community to community and knoweledge of the disease pattern in a given environment is critical for planning of appropraite intervention programs.Methods: Free eye health intervention program was carried out and patients were inially screened by optometrists and ophthalmic nurses for cataract, presbyopia and other minor ophthalmic problems. Patients that had other problems including complicated cataract were referred for further consultation with the ophthalmologists in the field..Results: Of the 547 who were further screened by the ophthalmologists in the field 243 (44.4%) were males and 304 (55.6%) were females with male to female ratio of 1: 1.25. The age range was 1-87 years. The mean(SD) age was 51.27years, median 53years, and mode was 60 years. Cataract and its related problem was the commonest condition139(25.4%), followed by glaucoma 78(14.3%). Age related macular degeneration(AMD) was the commonest posterior segment finding 27(4.9%)  while corneal opacity 11(2.0%) was the commonest anterior segment finding and 19(3.5%) were bilaterally blind.Conclusions: The eye health indices of the people as shown by the disease prevalence and the number of those bilaterally blind are still very poor.

The Role of Lutein in Eye Health

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samanta Maci ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Oxygen Intermediates ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Light Function

Lutein and zeaxanthin are oxycarotenoids that are naturally present in the typical human diet. They are the only two dietary carotenoids selectively deposited in the macula lutea, where they are referred to as the macular pigment (MP), and in the eye lens. The rationale for the protective role of lutein in the eye stems from its ability to filter short wavelengths of visible blue light, function as an antioxidant and stabilise membrane integrity. These functions are believed to play an important role in reducing light-induced oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen intermediates and involved in the pathogenesis of age-related degenerative disease such as age-related macular degeneration and cataract. Recent research is now paying particular attention to the blue-light-filtering properties of lutein and zeaxanthin and to the role of MP in improving visual performance.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Eye Health: Opinions and Self-Reported Practice Behaviors of Optometrists in Australia and New Zealand

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1179
Author(s):  
Alexis Ceecee Zhang ◽  
Sumeer Singh ◽  
Jennifer P. Craig ◽  
Laura E. Downie
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Practice Behaviors ◽  
Age Related

This study investigated optometrists’ attitudes and self-reported practice behaviors towards omega-3 fatty acids for eye health, and knowledge and understanding of their potential risks and benefits. An anonymous online survey was distributed to optometrists in Australia and New Zealand. Questions included practitioner demographics and practice modality; self-reported practices and recommendations relating to diet, nutritional supplements, and omega-3 fatty acids for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and dry eye disease (DED); and practitioner knowledge about omega-3 fatty acids. Of 206 included surveys, most respondents (79%) indicated recommending for their patients to consume omega-3 fatty acids to improve their eye health. Sixty-eight percent of respondents indicated recommending omega-3-rich foods for AMD management, while 62% indicated recommending omega-3 supplements. Most respondents (78%) indicated recommending omega-3-rich foods or supplements for DED. For DED, recommended omega-3 supplement dosages were (median [inter-quartile range, IQR]) 2000 mg [1000–2750 mg] per day. The main sources of information reported by respondents to guide their clinical decision making were continuing education articles and conferences. In conclusion, optometrists routinely make clinical recommendations about diet and omega-3 fatty acids. Future education could target improving optometrists’ knowledge of differences in the evidence for whole-food versus supplement sources of omega-3 fatty acids in AMD. Further research is needed to address uncertainties in the evidence regarding optimal omega-3 dosage and formulation composition in DED.

scholarly journals A Mechanistic Review of β-Carotene, Lutein, and Zeaxanthin in Eye Health and Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1046
Author(s):  
Fatima Tuj Johra ◽  
Asim Kumar Bepari ◽  
Anika Tabassum Bristy ◽  
Hasan Mahmud Reza
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids are natural lipid-soluble antioxidants abundantly found as colorful pigments in fruits and vegetables. At least 600 carotenoids occur naturally, although about 20 of them, including β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin, and cryptoxanthin, are detectable in the human blood. They have distinct physiological and pathophysiological functions ranging from fetal development to adult homeostasis. β-carotene is a precursor of vitamin A that essentially functions in many biological processes including vision. The human macula lutea and eye lens are rich in lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin, collectively known as macular xanthophylls, which help maintain eye health and prevent ophthalmic diseases. Ocular carotenoids absorb light from the visible region (400–500 nm wavelength), enabling them to protect the retina and lens from potential photochemical damage induced by light exposure. These natural antioxidants also aid in quenching free radicals produced by complex physiological reactions and, consequently, protect the eye from oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. This review discusses the protective mechanisms of macular xanthophylls in preventing eye diseases such as cataract, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Moreover, some preclinical animal studies and some clinical trials are discussed briefly to understand carotenoid safety and efficacy.

scholarly journals Eating for Eye Health: Engaging patients with dry age-related macular degeneration in community cookery to support lifestyle change and positive health

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose M. Gilbert ◽  
Ann Rawlings ◽  
Michael S. Dixon ◽  
Ana Rita Gonçalves de Pinho ◽  
Tadhg Caffrey
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Local Health Policy ◽  
Dry Amd

There are limited treatment options available upon diagnosis of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness in older people, which progressively threatens central vision and quality of life. Community engagement has the potential to support 'positive health' of individuals with untreatable eye conditions. Eating for Eye Health is an award-winning public-engagement project that aims to raise awareness of research suggesting that nutrition might help protect against progression of AMD and to encourage patients to cook and eat antioxidant-rich food in a community environment. The project engaged patients who had a diagnosis of dry AMD through a focus group and a community cookery day organized in partnership with the healthy food outlet, Pod, and the Manor Gardens Community Kitchen Project, Islington, London. A focus group highlighted participants' potential barriers to engagement with research about lifestyle modification and identified that a co-designed community cookery project could help to address unmet needs for support. Individuals with dry AMD reported increased levels of confidence in cooking skills after participating in the community cookery day. The combination of these methods within the context of AMD highlights how a focus on patient needs and expectations can establish and grow mutually beneficial relationships. There is potential for Eating for Eye Health, or similar community kitchen approaches, to be implemented within the community setting through NHS 'social prescribing' initiatives. In conclusion, Eating for Eye Health is unique in its combination of elements of community consultative and collaborative forms of engagement. These methods could be adopted as part of Sustainability and Transformation Plans (STPs) in local health policy development in the community.

scholarly journals Pursuit Of An Ideal Model For Community Eye Health — Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Hnin Hnin ◽  
Hui Yi Tan ◽  
Kajal Agrawal ◽  
Rupesh Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Corneal Opacities

Visual impairment is a crippling condition affecting quality of life and depriving patients of many opportunities. It is associated with increased mortality rates directly through occurrence of adverse events such as falls and impaired emotional well-being, and indirectly through visual impairment brought upon by systemic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension (Foong et al. 2008, Fong et al. 2014, Khanna et al. 2013, Song et al.2014, Wang et al. 1999). The number of patients suffering from reversible causes of blindness is substantial. In 2010, World Health Organisation estimates that 285 million (4.25%) of the world’s population is visually impaired, of which 39 million (14%) are blind. Approximately, 80% of the visual impairment is preventable. Notable causes of preventable blindness include cataracts (51%), glaucoma (8%), age-related macular degeneration (5%), corneal opacities (4%), trachoma (3%) and uncorrected refractive errors (3%) (WHO, 2015). These conditions can be easily diagnosed and treated by ophthalmologists if adequate resources are available. It is increasingly challenging for the ophthalmologists and current healthcare systems to meet the ever-expanding demands of patients with reversible causes of blindness.

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